ccnav3.3 307
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
1/42
1
CCNA Semester 3
Chapter 07Chap
ter 07
VIRTUAL LANsVIRTUAL LANs
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
2/42
2
ObjectivesObjectives
Explain the concept of VLANs.
Configure static VLANs on 29xx seriesCatalyst switchs.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
3/42
3
Table of ContentTable of Content
1 VLAN concepts2 Trunking
3 VLAN configuration
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
4/42
4
VLAN CONCEPTSVLAN CONCEPTS
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
5/42
5
VLAN introductionVLAN introduction
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
6/42
6
Broadcast domains with VLANs and routersBroadcast domains with VLANs and routers
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
7/427
Frames TaggingFrames Tagging
ISL
802.1Q
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
8/428
VLAN typesVLAN types
Port-based VLANs
MAC address based VLANs
Protocol based VLANs
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
9/429
Port-based VLANsPort-based VLANs
Most common configuration method.
Ports assigned individually.
Often implement when DHCP is used.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
10/42
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
11/421
Protocol base VLANsProtocol base VLANs
Configured like MAC addresses, but insteaduses a protocol or IP address.
No longer comon because of DHCP.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
12/421
Benefits of VLANsBenefits of VLANs
Easily move workstations on the LAN.
Easily add workstations to the LAN.
Easily change the LAN configuration.
Easily control network traffic.
Improve security.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
13/421
TRUNKINGTRUNKING
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
14/421
History of trunkingHistory of trunking
A trunk is a single communications line that
carries multiple channels of signals.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
15/421
Trunking conceptTrunking concept
VLAN1
VLAN2
VLAN1
VLAN2
VLAN1
VLAN2
VLAN1
VLAN2
VLAN1
VLAN2
VLAN1 and VLAN2
TRUNK
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
16/421
VLANs and trunkingVLANs and trunking
ISL
802.1Q
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
17/421
VLAN Operation on the Trunk
Each logical VLAN is like a separate physical bridge. VLANs can span across multiple switches.
Trunks carry traffic for multiple VLANs.
Trunks use special encapsulation to distinguish between
different VLANs.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
18/421
802.1Q Trunking Limitations802.1Q Trunking Limitations
Make sure the native
VLAN for an 802.1Q
trunk is the same onboth ends of the trunk
link.
Make sure your
network is loop-free
before disabling STP.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
19/421
Importance of Native VLANsImportance of Native VLANs
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
20/422
802.1Q Frame802.1Q Frame
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
21/42
2
Per-VLAN Spanning TreePer-VLAN Spanning Tree
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
22/42
2
Performed with ASIC
Not intrusive to client
stations; ISL header notseen by client
Effective between switches,and between routers andswitches
ISL trunks enable VLANs across a backbone.
ISL TaggingISL Tagging
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
23/42
2
ISL EncapsulationISL Encapsulation
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
24/42
2
Trunking implementationTrunking implementation
Switch# show port capabilities
Switch # configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface f0/1
Switch (config-if)# Switchport mode trunk.
Switch(config-if)# Switchport trunkencapsulation dot1q/isl
Switch# Show trunk
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
25/42
2
wg_sw_1900#conf terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Zwg_sw_1900(config)#interface f0/26wg_sw_1900(config-if)#trunk on
First Trunk Port (Port A)
wg_sw_1900(config-if)#trunk [on | off | desirable | auto |nonegotiate]
on = Set trunk on and negotiate with other side
off = Set trunk off and negotiate with other side
desirable = Negotiate with other side;
trunk on if other side is on, desirable, or auto
auto = Will be a trunk only if the other side is on or desirable
nonnegotiate = Set trunk on and will not negotiate
Configuring Trunking on Catalyst 1900Configuring Trunking on Catalyst 1900
Note: The Catalyst 1900 only supports ISL encapsulation.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
26/42
2
VLAN CONFIGURATIONVLAN CONFIGURATION
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
27/42
2
VLAN Configuration Guidelines
Maximum number of VLANs is switch-dependent.
Catalyst desktop switches support 64 VLANs witha separate spanning tree per VLAN.
VLAN1 is the factory default Ethernet VLAN.
CDP and VTP advertisements are sent on VLAN1.
The Catalyst switch IP address is in the
management VLAN (VLAN1 by default). To add or delete VLANs, the switch must be in
VTP server or transparent mode.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
28/42
2
End-to-end VLANs and Geographic VLANsEnd-to-end VLANs and Geographic VLANs
End-to-end VLANs:
devices to be grouped based upon resourceusage.
Allow 80/20 rule.
Geographic VLANs:
Devices to be grouped based on geographic.
Allow 20/80 rule.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
29/42
2
Configuring static VLANsConfiguring static VLANs
Create VLANs:
Switch# vlan databaseSwitch(vlan)# vlan vlan_number [namevlan_name] Switch(vlan)# exit
Assign ports to VLANs:
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet 0/9Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan
vlan_number Deleting VLANs
Use the no form of the command.
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
30/42
3
wg_sw_1900(config)#vlan vlan# [name vlan-name]
Adding a VLANAdding a VLAN
wg_sw_1900#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Zwg_sw_1900(config)#vlan 9 name switchlab2
Catalyst 1900
Catalyst 2950
wg_sw_2950#vlan database
wg_sw_2950(vlan)#vlan vlan# [name vlan-name]
wg_sw_2950#vlan databasewg_sw_ 2950(vlan)#vlan 9 name switchlab2wg_sw_ 2950(vlan)#exit
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
31/42
3
wg_sw_a(config)#vlan vlan# name vlan-name
wg_sw_a#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Zwg_sw_a(config)#vlan 9 name switchlab90
wg_sw_a#show vlan 9
VLAN Name Status Ports------------------------------------------------9 switchlab90 Enabled------------------------------------------------
Modifying a VLAN NameModifying a VLAN Name
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
32/42
3
wg_sw_1900(config-if)#vlan-membership {static {vlan#} | dynamic}
Assigning Switch Ports to a VLANAssigning Switch Ports to a VLAN
wg_sw_1900#conf terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Zwg_sw_1900(config)#interface ethernet 0/8wg_sw_1900(config-if)#vlan-membership static 9
Catalyst 1900
Catalyst 2950
wg_sw_2950(config-if)#switchport access vlan vlan#
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
33/42
3
Verifying and save VLAN configurationVerifying and save VLAN configuration
show vlan show vlan brief
show vlan idid_number
copy running-config tftp
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
34/42
3
Verifying the VTP Configuration for theVerifying the VTP Configuration for the
Catalyst 1900Catalyst 1900
wg_sw_1900#show vtp
VTP version: 1Configuration revision: 4Maximum VLANs supported locally: 1005Number of existing VLANs: 6VTP domain name : switchlabVTP password : VTP operating mode : Transparent
VTP pruning mode : EnabledVTP traps generation : EnabledConfiguration last modified by: 10.1.1.40 at 00-00-0000 00:00:00
wg_sw_1900#show vtp
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
35/42
3
Verifying the VTP Configuration for theVerifying the VTP Configuration for the
Catalyst 2950Catalyst 2950
wg_sw_2950#show vtp status
wg_sw_2950#show vtp status
VTP Version : 2
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
36/42
3
wg_sw_1900#show trunk aDISL state: On, Trunking: On, Encapsulation type: ISL
wg_sw_1900#show trunk [A | B]
Verifying a TrunkVerifying a Trunk
Catalyst 1900
Catalyst 2950
wg_sw_2950#show interface interface switchport
wg_sw_2950#show interface fa0/2 switchportName: Fa0/2Switchport: EnabledAdministrative mode: trunkOperational Mode: trunk. . .
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
37/42
3
wg_sw_1900#show vlan 9
VLAN Name Status Ports-------------------------------------------------9 switchlab2 Enabled-------------------------------------------------
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp Trans1 Trans2---------------------------------------------------------------------------9 Ethernet 100009 1500 0 1 1 Unkn 0 0---------------------------------------------------------------------------
wg_sw_1900#show vlan [vlan#]
Verifying a VLANVerifying a VLAN
Catalyst 1900
Catalyst 2950
wg_sw_2950#show vlan [idvlan#]
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
38/42
3
wg_sw_1900#show vlan-membership
Port VLAN Membership Type Port VLAN Membership Type--------------------------- ------------------------------1 5 Static 13 1 Static2 1 Static 14 1 Static3 1 Static 15 1 Static4 1 Static 16 1 Static5 1 Static 17 1 Static
6 1 Static 18 1 Static7 1 Static 19 1 Static8 9 Static 20 1 Static
Note: port 1=e0/1, port 2=e0/2 .....
wg_sw_1900#show vlan-membership
Verifying VLAN Membership on a Catalyst 1900Verifying VLAN Membership on a Catalyst 1900
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
39/42
3
wg_sw_2950#show vlan brief VLAN Name Status Ports---- ------------------------ --------- -----------------------1 default active Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7,
Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11,Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15,Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19,Fa0/20, Fa0/21
5 VLAN5 active Fa0/39 VLAN9 active Fa0/22, Fa0/231002 fddi-default active1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active1005 trnet-default active
wg_sw_2950#show vlan brief
Verifying VLAN Membership on a Catalyst 2950Verifying VLAN Membership on a Catalyst 2950
wg_sw_2950#show interfaces interface switchport
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
40/42
4
wg_sw_1900#show spantree 1
VLAN1 is executing the IEEE compatible Spanning Tree ProtocolBridge Identifier has priority 32768, address 0050.F037.DA00Configured hello time 2, max age 20, forward delay 15Current root has priority 0, address 00D0.588F.B600
Root port is FastEthernet 0/26, cost of root path is 10Topology change flag not set, detected flag not setTopology changes 53, last topology change occurred 0d00h17m14s agoTimes: hold 1, topology change 8960
hello 2, max age 20, forward delay 15Timers: hello 2, topology change 35, notification 2
Port Ethernet 0/1 of VLAN1 is ForwardingPort path cost 100, Port priority 128Designated root has priority 0, address 00D0.588F.B600Designated bridge has priority 32768, address 0050.F037.DA00Designated port is Ethernet 0/1, path cost 10Timers: message age 20, forward delay 15, hold 1
wg_sw_1900#show spantree [vlan#
]
Verifying STP for a VLANVerifying STP for a VLAN
Catalyst 1900
Catalyst 2950 wg_sw_2950#show spanning-tree vlan [vlan#]
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
41/42
4
SummarySummary
Definition of VLANs
Trunking
Configuring static VLANs on Catalyst switches
-
8/6/2019 CCNAV3.3 307
42/42
Q&AQ&A