1. List the roles played by an international manager.(a) Initiate the Management, Process and Technology Transfer Process (b) Fill in Positions (c) Secure Headquarter Control over Foreign Subsidiaries (d) Learn Foreign Cultures and Acquire New Knowledge

2. Define the term multinational corporation (MNC) and give two examples of MNCs.A multinational corporation (MNC) is a business enterprise with manufacturing, sales or service subsidiaries in one or more foreign countries. These corporations originated in the early 20th century and proliferated after World War II. Typically, a multinational corporation develops new products in its native country and manufactures them abroad, often in Third World nations, thus gaining trade advantages and economies of labour and materials. Almost all the large multinational firms are American, Japanese or West European. Such corporations have worldwide influence over other business entities and even over governments, many of which have imposed controls on them. For example, Nestle and Coca Cola.

3. List the different levels in the communication process.(a) Encoding(b) Thought(c) Channel(d) Receiver

4. Identify the stages in a negotiation process.(a) Preparation(b) Relationship building(c) Persuasion(d) Exchanging task related information

5. Explain what is meant by globalisation.Globalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture.

1. soalan dan jawapan sama seperti kertas sebelum ini.

2. Soalan dan jawapan sama seperti kertas sebelum ini.

3. Globalisation is a phenomenon that has changed the world in many ways.

a) Describe the factors that have contributed to globalisation.(6)

i) Elimination of Trade BarriersCurrently, countries across the world are more inclined towards reducing trade barriers, which consist of tariffs (like import duties) or non-tariff barriers (such as administrative and inspection restrictions). The elimination of trade barriers, also known as the process of deregulation, allows the free flow of products, capital and labour from one country to another. Furthermore, deregulation has also reduced time, costs and constraints experienced all this while by companies in international businesses.

ii) Technological Development Science and technology have created integration in the process of communication and dissemination of global information. The rapid development of computers and communication technology has enabled information and ideas to flow extensively across borders. In fact, many hold the view that technological development is the main factor for globalisation. Modern technology also enables producers to market their products to customers regardless of their location. Satellite television transmission nowadays enables the population of the entire world to enjoy television programmes which show the culture of other countries.

iii) Competition among International Firms Competition among companies from across the world to secure market opportunities is ever increasing. New firms from developing countries are also taking part in the search for new business opportunities including markets for high technology products such as vehicles, electronic equipment, microchips and the like which were previously dominated by developed nations. Limiting business operations within the local market can no longer secure the future of companies.

b) Determine some ways to avoid culture clash problems.There are various ways to avoid or reduce cultural clash. However, the best way is to interact more often in order to familiarise ourselves with the people around us. The more interaction and communication, the faster and easier it is to learn the culture of others. However, there are certain things which managers must know when coping with a cultural clash. (Topic 10 ms 193) refer tables given. (sy tak boleh copy kat sini)