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Standards PracticeChapter Review

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Lesson 2

Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts you will learn from the lesson. Discuss your thoughts with a classmate.

6.NS.3, 6.NS.5, 6.NS.6, 6.NS.7, 6.NS.10, 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.36

Matter and Its Changes

Give an example of a change in matter you observe from the time you wake in the morning until you arrive at school.

Classify physical changes. List two physical changes in which the identity of a substance stays the same.

1.

2.

Organize the examples of physical changes to states of matter by completing the chart.

State of Matter Physical Change New State

of Matter

solid

liquid

Changes of MatterI found this on page .

What are physical

changes?I found this on page .

I found this on page .

Matter: Properties and Changes 29

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Lesson 2 | Matter and Its Changes (continued)

Explain how chemical changes are different from physical changes.

Complete the graphic organizer below with five signs of a chemical change.

Signs of a Chemical

Change

Predict the effect of each event. Circle the effect that can be reversed.

An ice cube is placed on the counter.

An egg is broken into a hot pan.

State the law of conservation of mass.

Describe how physical and chemical changes affect mass.

Physical changes:

Chemical changes:

What are chemical

changes?I found this on page .





30 Matter: Properties and Changes


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Lesson 2 | Matter and Its Changes (continued)

Classify changes. Identify five types of physical changes and five types of chemical changes.

Physical Changes Chemical Changes

Compare and contrast information about physical changes and chemical changes.

Physical Changes Chemical Changes

• substance • substance formed

• only change

• both

change


Comparing Physical

and Chemical ChangesI found this on page .

A classmate shows you the remnants of a campfire. He tries to convince you that the ashes in the fire pit are all that remains of the wood that burned. What can you tell your friend about chemical changes that will help him understand what happened to the matter that made up the wood?


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Review Matter: Properties and Changes

Chapter Wrap-Up

Now that you have read the chapter, think about what you have learned.

Use this checklist to help you study.

Complete your Foldables® Chapter Project.

Study this chapter in your Notebook.

Study the definitions of vocabulary words.

Reread the chapter, and review the charts, graphs, and illustrations.

Review the Understanding Key Concepts at the end of each lesson.

Look over the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter.

Summarize It Reread the chapter Big Idea and the lesson Key Concepts.Imagine that you have an unknown substance. Explain how you could use physical and chemical properties to identify the substance.

Challenge Work with a partner to design a way to prove the law of conservation of mass when a physical change occurs. Share your design with the class.



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Study Guide

Use VocabularyUse vocabulary terms from the chapter to complete the sentences and answer the questions below.

1. A state of matter with a definite volume and a definite shape isa .

2. Flammability is an example of a of wood because when wood burns, it changes to different materials.

3. A drink mix dissolves in water because of its in water.

4. The rusting of a metal tool left in the rain is an example of a .

5. According to the , the mass of an untoasted marshmallow equals its mass after it is toasted plus the mass of any gases produced as it was toasting.

6. Slicing an apple into sections is an example of a that cannot be reversed.

Link Vocabulary and Key ConceptsUse vocabulary terms from the chapter to complete the concept map below.

7. 12.

8. 13.

9.

10. 11.

Three FamiliarTypes

Types of Properties

Types of Changes in Properties

Matter



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Understand Key Concepts Circle the correct answer below.

Chapter 1 Review

1. Which is a property of all solids?A. Particles are far apart.B. Particles vibrate in all directions.C. Volume and shape can easily change.D. Weak forces exist between particles.

2. Which characteristic is a chemical property?A. highly flammableB. mass of 15 kgC. woolly textureD. golden color

3. Which property of an object depends on its location?A. densityB. massC. volumeD. weight

4. How are the particles of a gas different from the particles of a liquid shown here?

A. They move more slowly.B. They are farther apart.C. They have less energy.D. They have stronger attractions.

5. Which is a physical change?A. burning natural gasB. chopping onionsC. digesting foodD. exploding dynamite

6. Which stays the same when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas?A. densityB. massC. forces between particlesD. distance between particles

7. Which is a chemical change?A. boiling waterB. copper turning green in airC. freezing fruit juiceD. slicing a potato

8. Which would be most useful for identifying an unknown liquid?A. densityB. massC. volumeD. weight

9. What mass is measured on this balance?

3000 100 200

10

3 4 5210

20 30 40 50 60

A. 35 gB. 45 gC. 135 gD. 145 g

10. What causes a chemical reaction when you prepare scrambled eggs?A. removing the eggs from the shellsB. mixing the egg yolks and the egg whites

togetherC. heating the eggs in a panD. sprinkling pepper onto the cooked eggs

11. Which describes the formation of a precipitate?A. A gas forms when a solid is placed in a

liquid.B. A liquid forms when a block of metal is

heated.C. A solid forms when one liquid is poured

into another.D. Bubbles form when an acid is poured

onto a rock.



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Standards PracticeC

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Critical ThinkingUse the lines below to respond to the following questions.

Chapter 1 Review continued

12. Apply Suppose you find a gold-colored ring. Explain why you could use some physical properties but not others to determine whether the ring is actually made of gold.

13. Reason You make lemonade by mixing lemon juice, sugar, and water. Is this a physical change or a chemical change? Explain.

14. Give an example of a physical change you might observe at your school that is reversible and a physical change that is not reversible.



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Critical ThinkingUse the lines below to respond to the following questions.


15. Defend A classmate defines a liquid as any substance that can be poured. Use the picture below to explain why this is not an acceptable definition.

16. Suggest a way that you could use displacement to determine the volume of a rock that is too large to fit into a graduated cylinder.

17. Hypothesize A scientist measures the mass of two liquids before and after combining them. The mass after combining the liquids is less than the sum of the masses before. Where is the missing mass?



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18. Write a four-sentence description of an object in your home or classroom. Be sure to identify both physical properties and chemical properties of the object.



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Math Skills

19. What gives a substance its unique identity?

20. What are some physical and chemical properties that an airplane manufacturer must consider when choosing materials to be used in constructing the shell of the aircraft shown below?

21. Use what you have learned about density to complete the table below. Then, determine the identities of the two unknown metals.

Metal Mass (g) Volume (cm3) Density (g/cm3)

Iron 42.5 5.40

Lead 28.8 2.55

Tungsten 69.5 3.60

Zinc 46.4 6.50

61.0 5.40

46.4 2.40

Review the Big Idea


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Mark your answer in the answer bubbles below each question.

Standardized Test Practice

Multiple Choice1 Which describes the particles in a substance

with no definite volume or shape?

A Particles are close but can move freely.

B Particles are close but can vibrate in all directions.

C Particles are far apart and cannot move.

D Particles are far apart and move freely.

2 Which diagram shows a chemical change?

A

B

C

D

3 Which is NOT true about firewood that burns completely?

A Ashes and gases form from the substances in the wood.

B Oxygen from the air combines with substances in the wood.

C The total mass of substances in this process decreases.

D The wood gives off thermal energyand light.

Use the diagram below to answer question 4.

4 What is the mass of the object on the balance scale?

A 22 g

B 22.5 g

C 22.7 g

D 30 g

5 Which is true when an ice cube melts?

A Volume and mass increase.

B Volume and mass do not change.

C Volume decreases, but mass does not change.

D Volume increases, but mass decreases.

6 What is the BEST way to separate and save the parts of a sand-and-water mixture?

A Boil the mixture and collect the steam.

B Pour the mixture through a filter that only the water can pass through.

C Lift the sand out of the mix with a spoon.

D Pour a strong acid into the mixture to dissolve the sand.



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Standardized Test Practice continued

Use the table below to answer questions 7and 8.

Action Time Result

Heated 30 minutes solid

Heated 60 minutes liquid

Not heated 30 minutes solid

Not heated 60 minutes solid

7 Based on the results of this experiment, what can you conclude about heating this unknown substance?

A Heating melted it in 30 minutes.

B Heating melted it in 60 minutes.

C Heating made it solid in 60 minutes.

D Heating caused no changes.

8 What can you conclude about the original state of the substance?

A It is part solid and part liquid.

B It is a liquid.

C It is a solid.

D It is part liquid and part gas.

9 Which is a sign of a physical change?

A Bread gets moldy with age.

B Ice forms on a puddle in winter.

C The metal on a car starts to rust.

D Yeast causes bread dough to rise.

Constructed ResponseUse the table below to answer questions 10–13.

PropertiesSubstance

1

Substance

2

Substance

3

Color yellow yellow yellow

State solid solid solid

Mass 217 g 217 g 75 g

Melting point 505°C 230°C 505°C

Density 3.78 g/cm3 2.76 g/cm3 3.78 g/cm3

Flammable yes yes yes

10 Identify each property of the unknown substances as either chemical or physical.

11 Of the three unknown substances tested, two are the same substance and one isdifferent. Which two substances do you think are the same? Explain.

12 Which properties in the table helped you determine your answer in number 11? Which properties were not helpful? Explain your reasoning.

13 What additional physical and chemical properties of substances might the table have included?



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Multiple Choice Bubble the correct answer.

Chapter 1 | Lesson 1

Extend Your LearningTurn the page to Learn Out Loud

3 cm7 cm

4 cm

1. The block shown above has a mass of105 g. What is the density of the block? 6.1.1

A 0.80 g/cm3

B 1.25 g/cm3

C 7.50 g/cm3

D 21.0 g/cm3

2. A rock has which of these properties? 6.1.2

A a changing shape and volume

B a fixed shape and volume

C a changing shape but a fixed volume

D a changing volume but a fixed shape

3. Which physical property would NOT be useful for finding the difference between baking soda and cornstarch? 6.1.1

A density

B mass

C melting point

D solubility

4. Which picture below demonstrates a chemical property? 6.1.2

A

B

C

D



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From My Teacher



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Chapter 1 | Lesson 2

Multiple Choice Bubble the correct answer.

Extend Your LearningTurn the page to Learn Out Loud

1. Which image shows a physical change? 6.1.3

A

B

C

D

2. You dissolve a white powder in a beaker of water. It is NOT likely that a chemical change took place if the water 6.1.1

A gets hotter.

B remains clear.

C starts to bubble.

D turns orange.

3. Which of these describes a chemical change? 6.1.3

A baking cookies

B melting ice

C cutting apple slices

D mowing the grass

Exp. No. Description

1 Cardboard is cut into small pieces.

2 Bread is browned in a toaster.

3 Pressing a ball of clay into a square box.

4 A block of cheese is grated onto pasta.

4. In which of the experiments listed above can the change to the original substance be reversed? 6.1.1

A Experiment 1

B Experiment 2

C Experiment 3

D Experiment 4


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Notes

Energy and Energy Transformations 45


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