THE REFORMATION

REFORMATION LEARNING GOALS• 4 I can explain how the ideas of the Protestant

Reformation and the Catholic Reformation affected society

and can still be seen today

• 3 I can explain how the ideas of the Protestant

Reformation and the Catholic Reformation affected society

• 2 I can explain Catholic Reformation, Martin Luther, English

Reformation, Indulgences and the Printing Press

• 1 I can explain the difference between Protestant and

Catholic

4

•I can explain how the ideas of the

Protestant Reformation and the Catholic

Reformation affected society and can still

be seen today

3

•I can explain how the ideas of the

Protestant Reformation and the Catholic

Reformation affected society

2

• I can explain Catholic Reformation, Martin

Luther, English Reformation, Indulgences and

the Printing Press

1

•I can explain the difference between

Protestant and Catholic

CAUSES OF THE REFORMATION

B A C K G R O U N D

WHAT WERE THE PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH?• Problems of the

Catholic Church

• Resentment over Church taxes

• Sold Indulgences

• Corruption in the Clergy

– Popes who had children, spent money on arts

– Monks and Priests were illiterate

• Church turned their back on calls to reform

HOW DID LUTHER START THE REFORMATION?• Martin Luther

• Luther’s Teachings

• Monk and a teacher

• 1517 he wrote his 95 Theses – attacked Indulgences,

posted his statements on the door of the Church in

Wittenberg

• This began The Reformation

• Soon he wanted more changes- based on his 3 ideas

– You can only get to Heaven through Faith

– Church teachings should be based on the Bible – Pope

and church- were false authorities

– All people with faith were equal

WHAT WAS THE RESPONSE TO LUTHER?• The Pope’s

response

• Trial

• Edict of Worms

• His Followers

• Threatened to excommunicate Luther if he

did not take back his statements

– Luther was excommunicated

• Luther stood trial in Worms, Holy Roman

Empire

• Again refused to take back his statements

• An Imperial order that Luther was an outlaw

and heretic

– He hid out in a castle and translated

the Bible into German

• Had become a separate religious

group called Lutherans

• Ideas spread through Germany

ENGL AND BECOMES

PROTESTANT

WHO AM I?

• I played hard to get with the greatest man in the nation. He had to break with all tradition and

beliefs to give me the title I deserved. I had it all until jealousies drove me out of favor and I

lost the only thing one truly needs to live.

WHY DID HENRY BREAK WITH ROME?• Henry VIII

• Reformation

Parliament

• Act of

Supremacy

• King of England

• “Defender of the Faith” for arguing against Luther

• Problem: He did not have a son

• His wife Catherine gave him a daughter- Mary

• Asked the Pope to annul- or set aside the marriage

– Pope said no

• Henry went to the Parliament ended the

Popes power in England

• Made Henry the head of the Church in England

• An oath recognizing Henry as leader of the Church

HOW DO HENRY’S HEIRS EFFECT ENGLAND?• Anne Boleyn

• 6 wives

• Edward VI

• Mary I

• Henry’s 2nd wife- gave birth to a daughter-

Elizabeth

• Charged with treason, imprisoned and

beheaded

• Ended in divorce or death

• Produced1 male heir- Edward VI

• Sickly

• King at 9 years old- continues break with Rome

• Catholic- returns England under the control of

the Pope from 1516-1558

• She kills a lot of Protestants

HOW DID ELIZABETH RESTORE PROTESTANTISM?• Elizabeth I • Becomes Queen and restores

Protestantism

• Creation of the Anglican Church-

State church

– Moderate so that both Protestants

and Catholics would be satisfied

W H Y D I D H E N R Y B R E A K F R O M R O M E ?

R E L I G I O N ? P O L I T I C S ? E C O N O M I C S ?

AS YOU READ EACH FACT- PLACE IT ON YOUR CHART

• Henry wanted a son but his wife Catherine of Aragon had only given him a daughter.

• Catherine was now 42 years old and a son was unlikely.

• Henry wanted to divorce Catherine so he could marry Anne Boleyn, who was in her 20’s and

whom he had fallen for.

• Henry was in the middle of fighting an expensive war with France and he had run out of money.

• If he made himself head of the Church in England then he would get all the Church’s money.

AS YOU READ EACH FACT- PLACE IT ON YOUR CHART

• Whoever was in charge of the Church was in a position of power: people tended to do what

the Church told them to do.

• When Martin Luther published his 95 Theses Henry had written to defend the church against

the accusations. He was given the “Defender of the Faith” .

THE REFORMATION

CONTINUESTA K E N OT E S F R O M T H E T E X T B O O K PA G E S

4 9 5 - 4 9 8

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION

O R … . C O U N T E R R E F O R M AT I O N ?

WHAT WAS THE CATHOLIC RESPONSE TO THE REFORMATION• Council of Trent

• Inquisition

• Index of

Forbidden

Books

• Meeting of church leaders- led to set truths

– Church’s interpretation of Bible was the Truth

– Christians need faith (and good works) to get to heaven

– Church and Bible were equal in guiding ones life

– Indulgences were valid but not the false selling of them

• Seek out heresy

• List of books

• Rounded up and burned

WHAT WAS THE LEGACY OF THE REFORMATION?

• Religious effects

• Political effects

• Wars and persecutions

• Protestant churches and new

denominations grew

• Catholic church was more

unified, less corrupt

• Religious schools promoted

education

• As Catholic church lost power

Kings power increased

• More questioning of beliefs and

power