Catalyst

• Answer the following questions in your daily work organizer:

1. On the periodic table, in what order are the elements arranged?

2.What does periodic table “group” mean?

3.What does periodic table “period” mean?

4.List a metal, a nonmetal, and a semimetal.

Catalyst: Answers1. The elements are arranged from smallest

atomic number (# of protons) to largest.

2.A “group” is a column.

3.A “period” is a row.

4.Metal – element on the left of the table (except H).

Nonmetal – element on the right of the table or H.

Semimetal – B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te

Objectives

• I can locate, compare and contrast alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and transition metals.

• I can locate the lanthanide, actinide, and transuranium elements in the Periodic Table.

Agenda

• Catalyst

• Notes & Practice: Valence Electrons

• Periodic Table Groups: Coloring, Group Work and Sharing

• Exit Slip

Guided Notes: Valence Electrons

Electron Energy LevelsWithin the electron cloud, electrons are arranged in energy levels. We draw the energy levels as rings around the nucleus.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Write: periods tell us energy levels

Period 1

Period 2

Period 3

1 23 7654 8

Write: groups tell us # valence electrons

What are valence electrons??

• Valence electrons are electrons on the outer shell of an atom that are available for bonding

– Valence Electrons are VERY IMPORTANT, they determine an element’s reactivity and general characteristics

Group 1

Group 2

Group 13

Practice!

• Work with the person next to you to complete # 15 and # 16.

16. Answer the questions below based on the elements in question #15.

(1) Which elements had a filled outermost shell? _____ _____

(2) Which element would be most likely to lose electrons in a chemical bond? _____

(3) Which element would be most likely to gain electrons in a chemical bond? _____

(4) Which elements are not likely to bond with other elements? _____ _____ Why? ________________

Agenda

• Catalyst

• Notes & Practice: Valence Electrons

• Periodic Table Groups: Coloring, Group Work and Sharing

• Exit Slip

Periodic Table “Families” (groups)

Materials:

• Periodic table that you colored on Wednesday

•Textbook pp. 124

•New periodic table groups chart.

Periodic Table “families” (groups)

• Within the 3 major groupings of elements (metals, semi-metals, non-metals), there are more SPECIFIC groups that share properties.

• The elements share properties because they have the same number of VALENCE ELECTRONS.

• Remember:

• VALENCE electrons: electrons that are in

the OUTERMOST shell of an atom. They

are the electrons available for CHEMICAL

BONDING.

Group 1: The Alkali Metals• Have ONE valence electron.• VERY REACTIVE• Therefore, not found alone in nature.• What are the alkali metals?

– Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr

• On your periodic table, use a marker to outline the Alkali Metals. Make a key to indicate what color marker represents the alkali metals.

Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals

• Have TWO valence electrons.

• VERY REACTIVE

• Usually not alone uncombined in nature.

• What are the Alkaline Earth Metals? Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra

• On your periodic table, use a marker to outline the Alkaline Earth Metals.

Groups 3-12: Transition metals

• Properties vary.

• Some found alone in nature: Gold, Silver, Platinum, Copper, etc.

• On your periodic table, use a marker to outline the transition metals.

Group 17: Halogens

• Have SEVEN valence electrons.

• Most REACTIVE non-metals.

• What are the Halogens? F, Cl, Br, I, At

• On your periodic table, use a marker to outline the Halogens.

Group 18: The Noble Gases

• Have EIGHT valence electrons.

• They are very NON-REACTIVE (Like to exist alone).

• What are the Noble Gases? He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

• On your periodic table, use a marker to outline the Noble Gases.

Lanthanides and Actinides• The lanthanides are actinides are transition

metals.• They are part of period 6 and 7, however they

are placed below the table so that it fits on one page.

• Locate the atomic numbers of the lanthanides and actinides. You will notice that they fill in the gaps in atomic numbers between Ba & Hf and Ra & Rf.

• On your periodic table, use a marker to outline the Lanthanides and actinides.

Transuranium Elements

• These are elements listed after Uranium (92) on the periodic table.

• Transuranium elements were synthesized and identified in laboratory experiments through the use of nuclear accelerators.

• They are not naturally found on earth.

• On your periodic table, use a marker to outline the transuranium elements.

Group Reading Assignment• Number off 1 – 5.

• Group 1: Nobel Gases (p. 127)

• Group 2: Halogens (p. 126-127)

• Group 3: Alkali Metals (p. 125)

• Group 4: Alkaline Earth Metals (p. 126)

• Group 5: Transition Metals (p. 128-129)

• You will read about your group elements and present to the members of the other groups sitting around you.

Answer these questions in your chart.

1. What is the group name?2. What are all of the elements included?3. Are you part of the metals, semi-metals, or

non-metals?4. How many valence electrons does each

element possess?5. Please present two more facts or examples

from the textbook.

• Then share with the people at your table and take notes on the other element groups.

Agenda

• Catalyst

• Notes & Practice: Valence Electrons

• Periodic Table Groups: Coloring, Group Work and Sharing

• Exit Slip