Catalyst #13 Pg. 651. Go to the class websiteOpen and do the Catalyst:Anatomy: Lesson 77- Catalyst #13-3/10-3/11ANDANATOMY: LESSON 77- Nervous System Disorders PPT-3/10-3/11AND

Anatomy: Lesson 77- Clinical Disorders Exploration-3/10-3/11

Semester 2 Table of Contents

18. Lesson 75- Socratic Seminar Pg. 59-6019. Lesson 76- How the Brain Works Video Pg. 63-6420. Lesson 77- Clinical Diseases Pg. 65-68

Vocabulary Due (Place face up with def and pic showing)

Assigned Vocabulary- Due: Next Mon/Tues** Definition AND Picture**17. Narcolepsy18. Alien Hand Syndrome19. Schizophrenia20. Synesthesia

Announcements• Flashcards Due: NEXT Mon/Tues (b/c of field trip on

Friday)• Brain Dissection: 3/24-3/25

Rules1. NO BATHROOM USE EVER (Including water)2. NO music listening EVER

DO NOT ASK ME- MY ANSWER WILL BE NO

Nervous System Quiz Corrections• Directions:

• Use the answer key to grade your partner’s test

• After you grade each question write on their answer sheet how many points they earned

• Count how many points they earned out of ____/16

• Circle Equivalency Score

Exploration Activity- Before we learn…- Pg. 68

• Anatomy: Lesson 77- Clinical Disorders Exploration-3/10-3/11

• Go to the specified websites• Fill out as much of the graphic organizer as you can after reading the information

• Remember: This is your time to explore and preview the information we are about to go over in notes• STAY ONLY ON SPECIFIED WEBSITES

Exploration- Pg. 68Narcolepsy:http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/narcolepsy

Alien Hand Syndrome:http://www.webmd.com/brain/news/20070717/brain-glitch-spurs-alien-hand-syndrome

• Schizophrenia: http://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/ss/slideshow-schizophrenia-overview

Synesthesia: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/syne.html

Get Ready for Notes Pg.66-67 Title: Clinical Disorders I

1. Narcolepsy• Sleep disorder where

people experience sudden, uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep• probably caused by genetic

mutations• etiology (cause) of disease is

unknown• Occurs when the brain

cannot regulate sleep-wake cycles correctly

What are some symptoms of narcolepsy?

• Interferes with normal activities on a daily basis, whether or not the person has had enough sleep

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)

• Sudden loss of muscle tone, ranging from slurred speech to total body collapse

• Often triggered by strong emotions• Can lead to sleepiness

Cataplexy

What are some symptoms of narcolepsy?

• Unable to move/speak while falling asleep or waking up temporarily

Sleep paralysis

• Vivid hallucinations when falling asleep• Hypnagogia is the name for that drowsy

state when you’re about to fall asleep

Hypnagogic hallucinations

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ucpf_OYvs4E

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2x14qETS7E

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0h2nleWTwI

Quote from patient• “Dr O’Connor said ‘Karen what are you doing? Your hand’s undressing you’. Until he said that I had no idea that my left hand was opening up the buttons of my shirt.

• “So I start rebuttoning with the right hand and, as soon as I stopped, the left hand started unbuttoning them. So he put an emergency call through to one of the other doctors and said, ‘Mike you’ve got to get here right away, we’ve got a problem’.”

Quote from patient

•“I’d light a cigarette, balance it on an ashtray, and then my left hand would reach forward and stub it out. It would take things out of my handbag and I wouldn’t realise so I would walk away. I lost a lot of things before I realised what was going on.”

2. Alien Hand Syndrome • One hand appears to take a mind

of its own, making purposeful actions without conscious will

• Examples:• You are told to push in a chair, so

your right hand goes to reach for it. Your left hand knocks it over instead.

• You are trying to flip to a certain page in a book. Your other hand closes the book instead.

What is it caused by?• Damage to the corpus callosum• The non-dominant brain goes “alien”

• Surgery, stroke, etc.

• Can also be caused by damage to frontal/parietal lobes

How can we explain Alien Hand Syndrome?

•Scientific Question: What happens in the brain when we “decide” to do something, like move our hand?

#4: Primary Motor Cortex

#6: Premotor Cortex

Assal, et al 2007

Normal Motor Control Alien Hand (Assal et al, 2007)

Premotor cortex: “Decides” or “plans” for movement; “Motor cortex, go pick up that cup!” Motor cortex: “Okay! Will do. I’ll talk to the spinal cord and get that done.”

When the alien hand moves, only the motor cortex (#4) is activated.

Let’s Check It Out:• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9Glq9SVSxQ

3. Schizophrenia• Group of severe brain disorders in

which people interpret reality abnormally

• Symptoms include• Hallucinations, often auditory (voices)• Delusions • Disorganized thinking and speech• 30 – 50% do not accept

condition/treatment• Onset is in young adulthood

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aS_d0Ayjw4o• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKV1SxfmeYQ• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=keQtOFycgPs• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvF4-C1EuJU

What is it caused by?

•Combination of environment + genetic•Other factors that may contribute: living in urban environment, drug use (marijuana), social isolation, discrimination, stress, stress in the womb

http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/schizophrenia/index.shtml

What is the prognosis and treatment?

•Not curable•Contributes to problems like: depression, substance abuse, social problems, poverty, homelessness, suicide; - 12 years of life

Synesthesia

•http://www.wimp.com/experiencesynesthesia/

6. Synesthesia (A trait, not a disease or a disorder – nothing is “wrong” with these people”

• When stimulation of one sense leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in another• Grapheme Color• Sound Color• Word Taste

• An exaggeration of our existing urges:• “loud shirt,” “bitter wind”

Can you find the 6 number 2s?

How long did it take you to find?

When people with certain types of synesthesia look at the image on the left, they can easily detect the six figures facing the opposite way, as shown in the image on the right. To these people, the "S" figures appear in a different color than the "2" figure.

Dr. Eagleman• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTr1VnXKr4A