Intelligent Energy led the HyTec consortium to introduce zero emission fuel cell electric taxis. They developed and integrated robust, high efficiency, Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell electric powertrains into TX4 taxis from The London Taxi Company.

The zero emissions London taxi was a hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery powered electric hybrid providing a 250-mile

driving range, whilst retaining all the passenger and luggage space of a conventional London taxi.

Designed with taxi drivers in mind, the fuel cell electric London taxi was capable of a full day’s operation (8 hours) and could be rapidly refuelled, in less than five minutes. The taxi also benefited from zero road tax, an advantage of emitting zero CO

2 and zero particulates.

Fuel Cell Electric London Taxi

With no moving parts in the fuel cell and with electric motors driving the wheels, noise and vibration were improved compared with conventional taxis. This resulted in better passenger comfort and a much smoother driving experience.

The taxis were trialled as part of a fleet during the London 2012 Olympics.

Case Study Fuel Cell Electric London Taxi

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Key benefits of Fuel Cell Taxi Vehicles

• Zero tailpipe emissions• Significantly increased range compared

to battery-only alternative• Similar refuelling time to a conventional

diesel vehicle, so less than 5 minutes• Quiet operation• Overall improved passenger comfort

and smoother driving experience• Retain passenger and luggage space

Key benefits of Intelligent Energy Fuel Cell Systems

• High system efficiency• Continuous system health monitoring

and predictive servicing• CAN control interface• Low-cost and power-dense fuel cell design

with robust metal construction• Reduced balance-of-plant components with

no requirement for pre-stack humidification• Modular system design with integration flexibility• Transferrable powertrain technology suitable

for a variety of motive applications

30kW Fuel Cell System Specification

Technology Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Stack

Performance Rated net power 30kW

Output voltage 200 to 400V (unregulated)

Rated current 150A

Emissions Water vapour

Fuel Composition Gaseous hydrogen to ISO14687:2 Grade D

Supply pressure 3 to 7 bar.g

Fuel consumption Less than 345 slpm at peak power

Fuel storage 3.7 kg at 35MPa

Refuelling time Less than 5 minutes

Environment Storage temperature -25°C to +60°C

Operational temperature -20°C to +30°C nominal

-40°C to +85°C de-rated

Altitude 0 to 1000m

Physical Mass 170kg

Volume 177L

Vehicle powertrain specification

Powertrain Fuel cell and high voltage battery hybrid

Motor power 100kW three-phase brushless permanent magnet

Motor torque 500Nm

Battery 14kWh Li-Polymer

Vehicle specification

Top speed 93mph (electronically limited to 80mph)

0 to 60mph 15.5 seconds

Range Up to 250 miles (165 miles across NEDC drive cycle)

CO2 emissions 0g/km