cardiovascular copy
TRANSCRIPT
Joel G. Soria, MD
Cardiovascular System
o Blood components and their functions o Heart (Structure and parts) cardiac cycle o Blood vessels and circulation
BLOOD
Transport of gases, nutrients, & waste products.
Transport of processed molecules.
Transport of regulatory molecules..
Regulation of pH and osmosis.
Maintenance of body temperature
Protection against foreign substances.
Clot formation.
Functions of Blood
Composition of Blood
Consist of connective tissue
Cells and Cell fragments – Formed elements
Liquid - Plasma
Total Blood Volume:
4-5 L (female), 5-6 L (male)
8% of total body weight
PlasmaPale yellow fluid that consist of:
91% water.
7% proteins
2% other substances
Plasma proteins include:
Albumin- Participates in movement of throughout the body
Globulins- Immune system
Fibrinogen- Responsible of blood clots
RBC or Erythrocytes (95%)
WBC or leukocytes
Platelets
Formed Elements
Hematopoeisis – Process of blood cell production.
At Birth – It occurs in multi-organ
At Birth it occurs in Red Marrow
Disk-shaped biconcave cells
During development – RBC loses their nuclei and most of their organelles. Unable to divide
RBC can live an average of 120 days in males and 110 days in females
Hemoglobin – Pigmented protein, main component of RBC
Accounts the red color of RBC
Red Blood Cells
Functions of RBCTransport of oxygen from the lungs to various tissues
Assist the transport of carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs
GLOBIN+
IRON
HEME
OXYGEN
RB
C pr
oduc
tion
White Blood CellsSpherical cells, whitish in color
Larger than RBC, each has nucleus
Functions:
Protection of body against invading microorganism
Remove dead cells and debris form tissues by phagocytosis
WBC contains GRANULOCYTE and AGRANULOCYTE
GRANULOCYTE Neutrophils – remain in the body for 10-12 hours. Move into other tissues, phagocytize microorganism and other foreign substance. Basophils – releases histamine that promotes inflammation. Releases Heparin – prevention of blood clot Eosinophils – Reduce inflammation, involved with destruction of certain parasites
AGRANULOCYTE
Lymphocytes – Production of antibodies and other chemicals that destroy microorganism, contribute to allergic reaction, reject grafts, control tumors, regulate the immune system Monocytes – Becomes macrophages
Preventing Blood Loss
Blood Clot
Thromboplastin
Thromboplastin
Anti-Thrombin and Heparin
Fibrinolysis
Blood Typing
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HEART
Functions of the HeartGenerating blood pressure
Routing of blood
Ensuring one-way blood flow
Regulating blood supply
Location of the Heart
Pericardium
Heart is surrounded by pericardial Cavity
Surface Anatomy of the Heart
Anatomy of the Heart
JSoria
Cardiac Cycle
Atrial
Depolarization
Ventricular
Depolarization
The ECG
Table. 12.1a