carbon compounds mcq

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View Part XI Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

©Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2010 401

Multiple Choice Questions

Chemistry: Chapter 44 Introduction to selected homologous series

Sections 44.144.2

1

Which of the following are characteristics of compounds in the same homologous

series?

(1) They have the same physical properties.

(2) They have similar chemical properties.

(3) They have the same general formula.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

2

Which of the following statements concerning organic compounds are correct?

(1) Organic compounds are compounds of carbon.

(2) Organic compounds can be represented by condensed formulae.

(3) Each organic compound has its own unique IUPAC name.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

3

Which of the following statements concerning the members of a homologous series

are correct?

(1) Each of them differs from the next one by a CH2 group.

(2) They have the same functional group.

(3) They have the same chemical properties.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 44.3



4

Which of the following are common properties of alcohols and carboxylic acids?

(1) Both of them have relatively higher boiling points than alkanes with a similar

relative molecular mass.

(2) Both of them can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

(3) Lower members of both series are miscible with water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

5

Which of the following statements concerning pent-1-ene and hex-2-ene are correct?

(1) They can decolorize bromine water in the dark.

(2) They are insoluble in water.

(3) They belong to the same homologous series because they have the same

empirical formula.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

6

Which of the following compounds belong to the same homologous series?

(1) 1-chloropropene

(2) 1-chloropropane

(3) 2-chlorobutane

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

7

The strength of intermolecular forces of alkanes depends on

(1) the molecular mass.

(2) the molecular size.

(3) the presence of multiple bonds.

A. (1) and (2) only



B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

8

Which of the following is the IUPAC name for CH3CH(CH3)CH3?

A. Butane

B. 2-methylbutane

C. 1-methylpropane

D. 2-methylpropane

9

Which of the following statements concerning pentane and 2,2-dimethylpropane are

correct?

(1) They have the same molecular formula.

(2) Pentane is a straight-chain alkane while 2,2-dimethylpropane is a branched-chain

alkane.

(3) The dispersion forces among pentane molecules are weaker than those among

2,2-dimethylpropane molecules.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 44.4

10

Which of the following organic compounds does NOT have the molecular formula of

C3H6O2?

A. Propanoic acid

B. Methyl ethanoate

C. Ethyl ethanoate

D. Ethyl methanoate

11

Which of the following organic molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds as

well as van der Waals’ forces?

(1) Butan-2-ol

(2) Propanamide



(3) Pentanal

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

12

Which of the following is the correct order of decreasing boiling points of the organic

compounds?

A. Propanoic acid > Methyl ethanoate > Propan-1-ol

B. Propan-1-ol > Methyl ethanoate > Propanoic acid

C. Propanoic acid > Propan-1-ol > Methyl ethanoate

D. Methyl ethanoate > Propanoic acid > Propan-1-ol

13

What is the IUPAC name for the organic compound with the condensed formula of

CHBr2CHFCHClCH3?

A. 4,4-dibromo-2-chloro-3-fluorobutane

B. 1,1-dibromo-2-fluoro-3-chlorobutane

C. 1,1-dibromo-2-fluoro-3-chloro-3-methylpropane

D. 1,1-dibromo-3-chloro-2-fluorobutane

14


compounds?

A. Ethanamide > Propanoic acid > Methyl ethanoate

B. Propanoic acid > Ethanamide > Methyl ethanoate

C. Propanoic acid > Methyl ethanoate > Ethanamide

D. Methyl ethanoate > Propanoic acid > Ethanamide

15

Pyrethrum flowers contain a natural insecticide called pyrethrin. Pyrethrin has the

following structure:



Which of the following functional groups are present in pyrethrin?

(1) Carbon-carbon double bond

(2) Ester group

(3) Ketone group

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

16


compounds?

A. Ethanoic acid > ethanol > ethanamide > chloroethane

B. Chloroethane > ethanoic acid > ethanamide >ethanol

C. Ethanol > chloroethane > ethanoic acid > ethanamide

D. Ethanamide > ethanoic acid > ethanol > chloroethane

17

Which of the following statements concerning unsubstituted amides and primary

amines are INCORRECT?

(1) Both of them are acid derivatives.

(2) Both of them have higher boiling points than carboxylic acids with a similar

relative molecular mass.

(3) Each ethanamide molecule can form a maximum of four hydrogen bonds with

water molecules while each ethanamine molecule can form a maximum of three

hydrogen bonds with water molecules.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only



C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

18

Which of the following sets of compounds is in the same homologous series?

A. C2H4, C3H6, C4H10

B. CH3OH, CH3OCH3, CH3CH2CH2OH

C. CH3Cl, C3H7Cl, C5H11Cl

D. CH3COOH, CH3COOCH3, CH3CH2COCH2OH

19

Which of the following compounds are miscible with water?

(1) Propan-1-ol

(2) Chloromethane

(3) Propanoic acid

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

20

Which of the following compounds is insoluble in water?

A. CH3CH2CH2OH

B. CH3CCl3

C. CH3COCH3

D. CH3CH2CHO

21

Which of the following statements concerning the compounds in the same

homologous series are correct?

(1) Their boiling points increase with the length of hydrocarbon chains.

(2) Their solubilities in water decrease with the length of hydrocarbon chains.


A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



22

Which of the following homologous series does NOT have hydrogen bonds between

their molecules?

A. Ketones

B. Alcohols

C. Primary amines

D. Carboxylic acids

23

Which of the following homologous series does NOT form hydrogen bonds with

water molecules?

A. Aldehydes

B. Ketones

C. Esters

D. Alkanes

24

Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?

A. Propene

B. Propanone

C. Propan-1-ol

D. Propanoic acid

25

Which of the following compounds are soluble in water?

(1) Propan-2-ol

(2) Butanoic acid

(3) 2-fluoropropane

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

26

Which of the following statements concerning esters are correct?

(1) The general formula of esters is RCOOR’.

(2) There are hydrogen bonds among the ester molecules.

(3) Lower members of esters are soluble in water.



A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

27

Which of the following statements concerning 2-methylpropanamide are correct?

(1) It is a substituted amide.

(2) It is slightly denser than water.

(3) It is soluble in water because its molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water

molecules.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

28

Which of the following are the common properties of alkanes and alkenes?

(1) Both are insoluble in water.

(2) Both are less dense than water.

(3) Both have higher boiling points but lower melting points than other organic

compounds with similar relative molecular masses.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

29

What is the condensed formula of the following compound?

A. CHBrCHC≡CCOOH

B. CHBr=CHC≡CCOOH

C. CHBrCHCCCOOH

D. CHBr=CHC≡CC=OOH

30



Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point.

Butanol, Butanone, Butanoic acid

A. Butanol Butanone Butanoic acid

B. Butanone Butanol Butanoic acid

C. Butanoic acid Butanone Butanol

D. Butanoic acid Butanol Butanone

31

Which of the following statements concerning unsubstituted amides are correct?

(1) The general formula of amides is RCONH2, where R is a hydrogen atom or an

alkyl group.

(2) The boiling points of amides are higher than that of carboxylic acids because

amides have more extensive hydrogen bonds than carboxylic acids.

(3) Each amide molecule can form a maximum of four hydrogen bonds with the

other amide molecules.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

32

Which of the following combinations is correct?

Homologous series General formula

A. Aldehydes RCOR’

B. Primary amines RNH2

C. Ketones RCHO

D. Substituted amides RCONH2

33

Which of the following compounds are soluble in water?

(1) Propyl methanoate

(2) Butan-1-amine

(3) Butanone

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



34

Which of the following is the condensed formula for 4-bromopent-2-ene?

A. CH3CH=CHCHBrCH3

B. CH3CHCHCHBrCH3

C. CH3CBrCHCH2CH3

D. CH3CBr=CHCH2CH3

35

What is the IUPAC name for CH3(CH2)2CHO?

A. Butan-1-ol

B. Butanal

C. 3-methylpropan-1-ol

D. 3-methylpropanal

36

What is the IUPAC name for CH2ClCH2Br?

A. 1-chloro-2-bromoethane

B. 2-chloro-1-bromoethane

C. 1-bromo-2-chloroethane

D. 2-bromo-1-chloroethane

37

Which of the following compounds have hydrogen bonds as well as van der Waals’

forces among their molecules?

(1) Methyl propanoate

(2) 2-methylpropanamide

(3) 2,3-dichloropropan-1-ol

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

38

Which of the following is the IUPAC name for CH3C(OH)2CH3?

A. 2,2-hydroxypropane

B. 2,2-dihydroxypropane

C. Propan-2,2-ol

D. Propane-2,2-diol



39

Which of the following is the condensed formula for propan-2-ol?

A. CH3CHOHCH3

B. CH3CH2OHCH3

C. CH2OHCH2CH3

D. CH3OHCH2CH3

40

Which of the following statements concerning unsubstituted amides are correct?

(1) 2-methylpropanamide is an unsubstituted amide.

(2) The general formula for unsubstituted amides is RNH2, where R is an alkyl

group.

(3) There are hydrogen bonds as well as van der Waals’ forces among the

unsubstituted amides molecules.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

41

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

A. 2-methylbutanone

B. 3-methylbutanone

C. 3-methyl-2-oxobutane

D. 2-methyl-3-oxobutane

42

Which of the following is the IUPAC name for CH3CH(CH3)COOH?

A. Butanoic acid

B. Propanoic acid

C. 2-methylbutanoic acid

D. 2-methylpropanoic acid



43

Which of the following is the condensed formula for ethyl ethanoate?

A. CH3COOC2H5

B. CH3CH2COOC2H5

C. CH3COOCH3

D. CH3CH2COOCH3

44

Which of the following is the structural formula for methyl methanoate?

A.

B.

C.

D.

45

Which of the following is the IUPAC name for CH3CH2CONH2?

A. 1-aminopropanone

B. 1-amino-1-oxopropane

C. 1-oxo-1-aminopropane

D. Propanamide

46

Which of the following statements concerning primary amines are correct?

(1) Primary amines are those with only one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen

atom replaced by an alkyl group.

(2) Pentan-3-amine is a primary amine.

(3) Each amine group can form a maximum of three hydrogen bonds with water

molecules.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

47



Which of the following statements concerning methanoic acid and propane are

correct?

(1) They have similar relative molecular masses.

(2) Methanoic acid has a higher boiling point than propane.

(3) The molecules of methanoic acid are held together by hydrogen bonds as well as

van der Waals’ forces while the molecules of propane are held together by

dispersion forces only.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

48

Which of the following compounds can form more than one hydrogen bond with

water molecules?

(1) Propanone

(2) Propanamide

(3) Propan-1-amine

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 44.5

49

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

A. 2-hydroxypropanoic acid

B. 2-methyl-2-hydroxyethanoic acid

C. Propanoic acid

D. 2-carboxyethanol

50




A. 6-methylhept-5-ene-4-one

B. 1,1-dimethyl-3-oxohex-1-ene

C. 2-methyl-4-oxohept-2-ene

D. 2-methylhept-2-ene-4-one

51

Consider the following compound:

Which of the following functional groups does it contain?

(1) Carboxyl group

(2) Carbonyl group

(3) Amide group

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

52

What is the IUPAC name for the organic compound with the condensed formula of

HCOCHBrCOCH3?

A. 3-bromo-4-formylbutan-2-one

B. 4-formyl-3-bromobutan-2-one

C. 2-bromo-3-oxobutanal

D. 3-oxo-2-bromobutanal

53


A. 5-chloro-2-hydroxy-4-oxohepta-2,5-dienoic acid

B. 2-hydroxy-4-oxo-5-chlorohepta-2,5-dienoic acid

C. 3-chloro-6-hydroxy-4-oxohepta-2,5-dienoic acid



D. 3-chloro-4-oxo-6-hydroxyhepta-2,5-dienoic acid

54


A. 1,1,1-triiodo-3,3-dimethylpentanal

B. 1,1,1-triiodo-3,3-dimethylpentan-5-al

C. 5,5,5-triiodo-3,3-dimethylpentanal

D. 5,5,5-triiodo-3,3-dimethylpentan-1-al

55


A. 2-chloro-1-hydroxybut-2-ene

B. 3-chloro-4-hydroxybut-2-ene

C. 2-chlorobut-2-en-1-ol

D. 3-chlorobut-2-en-4-ol

56

Consider the following organic compound:

Which of the following statements concerning the compound above are correct?

(1) It has two functional groups namely amide group and carboxyl group.

(2) It is soluble in water.

(3) Its IUPAC name is aminoethanoic acid.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



57


A. 2-chloro-3-amino-4-formylbutanoic acid

B. 3-amino-2-chloro-4-formylbutanoic acid

C. 2-amino-3-carboxy-3-chloropropanal

D. 2-amino-3-chloro-3-carboxypropanal

58


A. 1-chloropropan-3-al

B. Chloropropanal

C. 3-chloropropan-1-al

D. 3-chloropropanal

59


A. 3-hydroxy-4-aminopentanamide

B. 4-amino-3-hydroxypentanamide

C. 4-amino-3-hydroxy-4-methylbutanamide

D. 3-hydroxy-4-amino-4-methylbutanamide

60




A. 3-chlorobutyl butanoate

B. 2-chlorobutyl butanoate

C. Butyl 2-chlorobutanoate

D. Propyl 4-chloropentanoate

61


A. 2,3-diamino-3-bromo-3-hydroxypentanoic acid

B. 3,4-diamino-2-bromo-2-hydroxypentanoic acid

C. 2-bromo-2-hydroxy-3,4-diaminopentanoic acid

D. 2-bromo-2-hydroxy-3,4-diamino-4-methylbutanoic acid

62

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

(1) Two organic compounds with the same general formula must belong to the same

homologous series.

(2) Two organic compounds with one of the functional groups the same must belong

to the same homologous series.

(3) Two organic compounds with the molecular mass differing by 14 must belong to

the same homologous series.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

63

Which of the following combinations about the structural formula for a compound is

correct?

Compound Structural formula

A. Diol B. Methyl 2-oxopent-3-enoate



C. 5-formylpent-2-ol

D. 3-carboxy-3-chlorobutan-2-ol

64


A. 3-amino-4-carboxybutan-2-one

B. 3-amino-4-carboxybutan-2-al

C. 2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acid

D. 2-amino-3-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid

65

Which of the following is the structural formula of

4,5-dichloro-5-fluoro-3-oxopentanoic acid?

Structural formula

A.

B.

C.



D.

66

Which of the following is the condensed formula for 3-oxopentanal?

A. CH3CH2COCH2COH

B. CH3CH2COCH2CHO

C. CH3CH2CH2COCHO

D. CH3CH2CH2COCOH

67


A. 3-fluoro-3-hydroxy-4,4-diaminopentanoic acid

B. 4,4-diamino-3-fluoro-3-hydroxypentanoic acid

C. 3-fluoro-3-hydroxy-4,4-diamino-4-methylbutanoic acid

C. 4,4-diamino-3-fluoro-3-hydroxy-4-methylbutanoic acid

68


Which of the following homologous series does the above compound belong to?

A. Amines

B. Alcohols

C. Ketones

D. Carboxylic acids

69

Which of the following is the condensed formula for 4-aminobutanamide?

A. NH2CH2(CH2)2CONH2



B. NO2CH2(CH2)2CONH2

C. NH2CO(CH2)2CONH2

D. CH3(CH2)2CH(NH2)2

Section 44.6

70

What is the condensed formula of chloroform?

A. CCl4

B. CH2Cl2

C. CH3CH2Cl

D. CHCl3

71


IUPAC name Trivial name Common use

A. Propan-1-ol Isopropyl alcohol Solvent

B. Ethanoic acid Acetic acid Solvent

C. Methanal Formaldehyde Production of polymers

D. Trichloromethane Chloroform Fuel additive

72

What is the trivial name for CHCl3?

A. Acetic acid

B. Acetone

C. Chloroform

D. Formaldehyde

Each question below consists of two separate statements. Decide whether each of

the two statements is true or false; if both are true, then decide whether or not

the second statement is a correct explanation of the first statement. Then select

one option from A to D according to the following table:

A. Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a correct explanation

of the 1st statement.

B. Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is NOT a correct

explanation of the 1st statement.

C. The 1st statement is false but the 2nd statement is true.

D. Both statements are false.



Sections 44.144.3

73

Alcohols have higher boiling points

and melting points than alkanes with a

similar relative molecular mass.

Hydrogen bonds give a stronger

intermolecular attraction than van der

Waals’ forces.

Section 44.4

74

Most haloalkane molecules are soluble

in water.

Haloalkane molecules are polar.

75

The boiling points of carboxylic acids

are lower than those of alcohols with a

similar relative molecular mass.

Alcohols have more extensive

intermolecular hydrogen bonds than

carboxylic acids.

76

Most haloalkanes have higher melting

points and boiling points than alkanes

with a similar relative molecular mass.

Most haloalkanes have permanent

dipoles.

Sections 44.544.6

77

Formaldehyde can dissolve in water to

form a solution called formalin.

The formaldehyde molecules can form

hydrogen bonds with water molecules.

78

Isopropyl alcohol is the key component

in many non-water-based hand

sanitizers.

Isopropyl alcohol can kill bacteria and

other potentially harmful

micro-organisms.

Chemistry: Chapter 45 Isomerism

Section 45.1

79

How many acyclic structural isomers does C5H10 have?

A. 2

B. 3



C. 4

D. 5

80

Which of the following statements are correct?

(1) A pair of position isomers differs only in the position of the functional group(s).

(2) A pair of structural isomers has the same relative molecular mass.

(3) A pair of functional group isomers belongs to different homologous series.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

81

Which of the following statements about ethanoic acid and methyl methanoate are

correct?

(1) They are functional group isomers with the molecular formula C2H4O2.

(2) They belong to different homologous series.

(3) They have different chemical properties.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

82

Which of the following compounds are structural isomers of C4H8O?

(1) Butanal

(2) 2-methylpropanal

(3) Butanone

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

83

Which of the following statements concerning ethanoic acid and methyl methanoate

are correct?

(1) They have the same relative molecular mass.



(2) They have different chemical properties.

(3) They are functional group isomers with the molecular formula C2H4O2.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

84

Which of the following compounds are functional group isomers of C4H8O2?

(1) Methyl propanoate

(2) 4-hydroxybutanal

(3) Butane-1,4-diol

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

85

Butanoic acid can be reduced to a primary alcohol. Which of the following

compounds is the position isomer of the primary alcohol?

A. CH3COCH2CH3

B. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

C. CH3CH2CH2CHO

D. CH3CH2C(OH)HCH3

86

Which of the following statements concerning isomers is/are correct?

(1) They have the same empirical formula.

(2) They have the same general formula.

(3) They have the same structural formula.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

87

Which of the following statements concerning 3,4-dibromopent-1-ene and

3,5-dibromopent-2-ene are correct?



(1) They have the same molecular formula of C5H8Br2.

(2) They are position isomers.


A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

88

Which of the following statements concerning the isomers of C6H12 are

INCORRECT?

(1) All isomers of C6H12 can decolorize bromine in 1,1,1-trichloromethane in the

dark.

(2) All isomers of C6H12 have the same melting point and boiling point.

(3) All isomers of C6H12 are optically inactive.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

89

How many structural isomers does C4H8 have?

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

90

Which of the following compounds are structural isomers of C5H10?

(1) 2-methylbut-2-ene

(2) 3-methylbut-1-ene

(3) Pent-1-ene

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

91



How many structural isomers does C3H6Cl2 have?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

92

Which of the following compounds are the structural isomers of C5H10O?

(1) 2-methylbutanal

(2) Propyl ethanoate

(3) Pentanal

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 45.2

93

Which of the following statements about geometrical isomerism are correct?

(1) A pair of geometrical isomers has different physical properties.

(2) Geometrical isomers occur due to the restricted rotation about the carbon-carbon

double bond.

(3) A pair of geometrical isomers must be optically active.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

94

Which of the following statements about cis-trans isomerism is/are correct?

(1) All alkenes exhibit cis-trans isomerism.

(2) But-2-ene exhibits cis-trans isomerism.

(3) A pair of cis-trans isomers may be optically active.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only



95

How many chiral carbon(s) does 3,6-dibromo-4-methylhept-4-en-2-ol have?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

96

Which of the following compounds could exhibit geometrical isomerism?

(1) 3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene

(2) 2-methylpent-2-ene

(3) 1,6-dichlorohex-3-ene

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

97

Which of the following compounds could exhibit optical isomerism?

(1) 2-aminopropanal

(2) 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid

(3) 4-hydroxybutanal

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

98

How many chiral carbon atom(s) does 3-amino-4-hydroxypentanoic acid have?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

99

Which of the following compounds has a pair of enantiomers?



A.

B. CH3CH(OH)C2H5

C. CH2ClCH2CH2COOH

D.

100


CH3CH=CHCH2CHO

Which of the following statements about this compound are correct?

(1) It is optically inactive.

(2) It contains a C=C double bond and a hydroxyl group.

(3) The cis isomer of this compound is

.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

101

Which of the following compounds has/have a pair of geometrical isomers?

(1) CH3CH=CH2

(2) CH3OCCH=CHCOCH3

(3) CH2BrCH=CHCH2Cl

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

102

Vitamin E, a naturally occurring compound, can act as an antioxidant. Its structure is

shown below:



Which of the following statements about vitamin E is/are correct?

(1) It has three chiral carbon atoms.

(2) It is soluble in water.

(3) It is optically active.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

103

Which of the following pairs of compounds is/are NOT a pair of stereoisomers?

(1)

and

(2)

and

(3)

and

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

104

Which of the following statements concerning isomers is correct?

A. A pair of isomers must have the same relative molecular mass.

B. Compound containing carbon-carbon double bond(s) must have a pair of



geometrical isomers.

C. A mixture of a pair of enantiomers does not rotate the plane of polarized

light.

D. Compounds with the same functional group at different positions are called

functional group isomers.

105

Which of the following statements concerning enantiomers is INCORRECT?

A. If a pair of enantiomers is present in the same amount, the mixture is

optically inactive.

B. A pair of enantiomers has the same melting point.

C. There is at least one plane of symmetry in the molecules of enantiomers.

D. A pair of enantiomers has the same molecular formula.

106

Which of the following compounds could exhibit geometrical isomerism?

(1) CHCl=CHBr

(2) (CH3)2C=CH2

(3) CH3CH=CHCH3

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

107

Which of the following compounds is optically active?

A. CH3CH=CHCH3

B. CH2=CHCHBrCH3

C. CH3CH2COCH3

D. CH3CH2CHClCH2CH3

108

Which of the following compounds is NOT a chiral molecule?

A. 3-methylpent-1-ene

B. 2-chlorobutane

C. 2-methylpropanal

D. 1,1,2-trichlorobutane



109

Compound X is an organic compound with a molecular formula C4H8O. Which of the

following isomerism could compound X exhibit?

(1) Functional group isomerism

(2) Geometrical isomerism

(3) Enantiomerism

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

110

Which of the following compounds is optically active?

A. CH3CH2COCH3

B. CH3CH2CH2CH(CH3)COCH3

C. CH3CH(CH3)COCH3

D. CH3CH2CHO

111

Which of the following statements concerning geometrical isomers is/are correct?

(1) The cis isomer has a higher melting point than the trans isomer.

(2) A pair of geometrical isomers has the same functional group.

(3) Any organic compounds with a carbon-carbon double bond have geometrical

isomers.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

112

Compound X is an organic compound with the condensed formula

HOOCCH(NH2)CH2COOH.

Which of the following statements concerning compound X are correct?

(1) The IUPAC name of compound X is 2-aminobutanedioic acid.

(2) There is a chiral carbon atom in the molecule of compound X.

(3) Compound X is soluble in water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only



C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

113

Which of the following types of isomerism does 2-bromobut-2-ene exhibit?

A. Enantiomerism

B. Functional group isomerism

C. Geometrical isomerism

D. Position isomerism

114

Which of the following statements concerning geometrical isomers of

2,3-dibromobut-2-ene is/are correct?

(1) They have similar boiling points.

(2) They have the same functional group.

(3) They have identical intermolecular forces.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

115

How many planes of symmetry are there in a dichloromethane molecule?

A. 0

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

116

Which of the following compounds could exhibit enantiomerism?

(1) 2-chlorobutane

(2) 3-chlorobut-1-ene

(3) 2-methylbutanal

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



117

Which of the following methods can be used to distinguish a pair of enantiomers?

(1) Measuring their optical activities by using a polarimeter.

(2) Comparing the boiling points of enantiomers.

(3) Comparing the densities of enantiomers.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

118

Which of the following statements concerning structural isomerism is/are correct?

(1) Structural isomers are mirror images of one another.

(2) Structural isomers containing the same functional group have similar chemical

properties.

(3) A pair of structural isomers which are present in different amounts can rotate the

plane of polarized light.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

119


A. Cis-1-chlorohex-1-en-4-yne

B. Cis-6-chlorohex-5-en-2-yne

C. Trans-1-chlorohex-1-en-4-yne

D. Trans-6-chlorohex-5-en-2-yne

120

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. An achiral molecule has a chiral carbon atom.

B. A mixture of a pair of enantiomers present in the same amount does not

rotate the plane of polarized light.

C. Butan-1-ol is a chiral molecule.



D. A chiral molecule can be superimposed on its own mirror image.

121

Which of the following compounds have chiral carbon atom(s)?

(1) 3-bromopent-1-ene

(2) 1-chloro-2-methylbutane

(3) Butan-2-ol

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

122

Which of the following compounds can exhibit enantiomerism?



(3) 1-chloro-3-methylbut-1-ene

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

123

Which of the following compounds exhibit(s) enantiomerism?

(1) 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane

(2) 2-chloro-2-fluorobutane

(3) 5-chloro-3,4-dimethylpentanoic acid

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3)

D. (2) and (3)

124

Consider the following compounds:

Which types of isomers are they?



A. Position isomers

B. Functional group isomers

C. Chain isomers

D. Geometrical isomers

125

Which of the following compounds exhibit(s) optical isomersim?

(1) Trans-5-chloro-5-fluoropent-2-ene

(2) 1,1-dibromo-1,2-dichloroethane

(3) 2-chloro-2-fluorobutane

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

126

Which of the following are the types of structural isomerism?

(1) Geometrical isomerism

(2) Functional group isomerism

(3) Chain isomerism

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

127

Which of the following statements concerning a pair of geometrical isomers are

correct?

(1) They have different boiling points and melting points.

(2) They have the same relative molecular mass.

(3) Their atoms are joined in the same order.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

128

Which of the following compounds could exhibit enantiomerism?



(1) 3-bromobut-1-ene



A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only











Section 45.1

129

Cis-2,3-difluorobut-2-ene has a higher

boiling point than

trans-2,3-difluorobut-2-ene.

The molecules of

cis-2,3-difluorobut-2-ene are held

together by dipole-dipole forces while

the molecules of

trans-2,3-difluorobut-2-ene are held

together by dispersion forces only.

130

Chain isomers have similar physical

properties.

Chain isomers have the same functional

group.

131

Pentane has a higher boiling point than

2-methylbutane.

Pentane and 2-methylbutane are chain

isomers.

132



Position isomers differ only in the types

of functional group present.

Position isomerism is one of the types of

structural isomerism.

133

Isomers have similar chemical

properties.

Isomers are compounds with the same

molecular formula but different

arrangements of atoms in space.

Section 45.2

134

The cis isomer has a higher boiling point

than the corresponding trans isomer.

The intermolecular forces among the

molecules of cis isomer are stronger than

those among the molecules of the

corresponding trans isomer.

135

A mixture of a pair of enantiomers does

not rotate plane-polarized light.

A pair of enantiomers rotates

plane-polarized light to opposite

directions.

136

Trans-1,2-dichloroethene has no net

dipole moment.

Trans-1,2-dichloroethene has the two

polar CCl bonds pointing in the

opposite directions.

Chemistry: Chapter 46 Typical reactions of various functional groups

Sections 46.146.2

137

Which of following compounds is the major product of the reaction between excess

methane and chlorine?

A. Chloromethane

B. Dichloromethane

C. Trichloromethane

D. Tetrachloromethane

138

Which of the following compounds are the products formed from the reaction



between methane and chlorine in the presence of light?

(1) Chloromethane

(2) Chloroform

(3) Hydrogen chloride

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

139

Which of the following conditions are required for alkanes to undergo substitution

reactions with bromine?

(1) Sunlight

(2) High temperature

(3) High pressure

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

140

Which of the following statements concerning the substitution reaction between

propane and chlorine are correct?

(1) It does not take place in the dark.

(2) It involves breakage of CH bonds and ClCl bonds.

(3) Hydrogen chloride is one of the products of the reaction.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

141


methane and chlorine are correct?

(1) The product of the reaction is a mixture of chloroalkanes.

(2) The major product is tetrachloromethane if excess chlorine is used.

(3) Free radicals are produced during the reaction.

A. (1) and (2) only



B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 46.3

142

Which of the following compound is the major product formed in an addition reaction

between hydrogen chloride and propene?

A. 1-chloropropane

B. 2-chloropropane

C. 1,2-dichloropropane

D. 2,2-dichloropropane

143

Which of the following statements are correct?

(1) Iron is used as a metal catalyst for speeding up hydrogenation.

(2) Bromine can be decolorized in darkness by pent-1-ene.

(3) 2-bromopropane is the major product formed in an addition reaction between

hydrogen bromide and propene.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

144

Consider the following reaction:

+ HBr

Which of the following compounds is/are the possible major product(s) formed in the

above reaction?

(1)



(2)

(3)

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

145

Which of the following combinations about addition reactions is correct?

Addition reaction The major product

A. CH3CH=CH2 + HBr CH3CH2CH2Br

B. (CH3)2C=CH2 + HBr (CH3)3CBr

C. BrCH=CH2 + HBr BrCH2CH2Br

D. (CH3)3CCH=CH2 + HBr (CH3)3CCH2CH2Br

146

Which of the following statements concerning but-1-ene are correct?

(1) It reacts with hydrogen chloride to give 1-chlorobutane as the major product.

(2) It can decolorize acidified potassium permanganate solution.

(3) It undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of platinum as metal catalyst with

heating.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

147

Which of the following compounds is the major product formed from the reaction

between 2,5-dimethylhex-2,4-diene and hydrogen bromide?

A. 3,5-dibromo-2,5-dimethylhexane

B. 2,4-dibromo-2,5-dimethylhexane



C. 3,4-dibromo-2,5-dimethylhexane

D. 2,5-dibromo-2,5-dimethylhexane

148

Which of the following statements concerning halogenation and hydrohalogenation

is/are correct?

(1) Both of them follow Markovnikov’s rule.

(2) Both of them involve unsaturated hydrocarbons.

(3) Both of them are substitution reactions.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

149

Which of the following can be classified as addition reactions?

(1) Reaction between ethene and hydrogen

(2) Reaction between ethene and hydrogen chloride

(3) Reaction between methane and chlorine

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

150

Which of the following statements concerning propene are correct?

(1) It reacts with hydrogen in the presence of platinum and heating to give propane.

(2) It reacts with hydrogen chloride to give 1-chloropropane as the major product.

(3) It decolorizes bromine solution in the dark.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

151

Which of the following statements about propene is correct?

A. It can decolorize acidified potassium dichromate solution.

B. It can be prepared by heating propan-1-ol with dilute sulphuric acid.



C. It reacts with hydrogen in the presence of nickel to give propane.

D. It reacts with hydrogen chloride to give 1-chloropropane as the major

product.

152

Which of the following compounds is the major product for the reaction between

2-methylpropene and hydrogen chloride?

A. 1-chloro-2-methylpropane

B. 1,2-dichloro-2-methylpropane

C. 2-chloro-2-methylpropane

D. 2-methylpropane

153

Which of the following statements about hydrogenation of alkenes is INCORRECT?

A. It requires metal catalysts such as platinum and nickel.

B. It requires heating.

C. It is an endothermic reaction because energy is required to break the C=C

bonds.

D. It involves formation of CH bonds.

154

Which of the following compounds is/are the product(s) formed from the reaction

between pent-1,4-diene and excess bromine in water?

(1) 1,2-dibromopentane

(2) 1,2,4,5-tetrabromopentane

(3) 4,5-dibromopentane

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

155

Which of the following compounds is the major product formed from the reaction

between but-1,3-diene and hydrogen iodide?

A. 1,4-diiodobutane

B 2,4-diiodobutane

C. 1,3-diiodobutane

D. 2,3-diiodobutane



156

Which of the following reactions are addition reactions?

(1) CH2=CHCH=CH2 + HI

(2) CH3CH2CH2CH3 + Cl2

(3) CH2=CHCH2CH3 + H2

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 46.4

157


bromoethane and hydroxide ions are correct?

(1) Ethanol is one of the products.

(2) An organic solvent is required for the reaction.

(3) The reaction involves the breakage of the CBr bond.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

158

Which of the following compounds could undergo substitution reactions?

(1) CH3CH=CHCH3

(2) CH3CH2CH2CH3

(3) CH3CH2CH2CH2Br

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

159

Which of the following reactions are substitution reactions?

(1) CH3CH2CH2CH2I + OH

(2) CH3CH2CH2CH3 + Cl2

(3) CH3CH=CHCH3 + H2



A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

160

Which of the following statements about the reaction between 2-iodobutane and

NaOH(aq) are correct?

(1) The products of the reaction are butan-2-ol and sodium iodide.

(2) The reaction will be faster if 2-chlorobutane replaces 2-iodobutane.

(3) The reaction involves the breakage of the CI bond.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

161

Sodium hydroxide solution was added to a sample of chloromethane in a test tube.

Then, a small amount of acidified silver nitrate solution was added to the reaction

mixture. What could be observed?

A. Gas bubbles were formed.

B. The solution turned silvery.

C. White precipitate was formed.

D. No observable change.

Section 46.5

162

Which of the following reagents are used to convert propan-2-ol to 2-bromopropane?

(1) H2SO4(l) + KBr(s)

(2) Br2(l) + CCl4(l)

(3) PBr3(l)

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

163

Which of the following statements concerning propan-1-ol are correct?



(1) It can be oxidized to give propanal.

(2) It can be oxidized to give propanoic acid.

(3) It can be dehydrated to give propene.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

164


Which of the following compounds is the major product of the above reaction?

A.

B.

C.

D.

165

Consider the following reactions:

Reaction 1:

Reaction 2:



Which of the following compounds is the major product of reaction 2?

A. 1-chlorobutane

B. 2-chlorobutane

C. 1,2-dichlorobutane

D. 2,2-dichlorobutane

166

Which of the following reactions are substitution reactions?

(1) The reaction between hydrogen chloride and propan-1-ol.

(2) The reaction between hydrogen bromide and ethene.

(3) The reaction between bromine and methane.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

167

Which of the following statements concerning alcohols is INCORRECT?

A. 2-methylpropan-2-ol is a tertiary alcohol.

B. All the alcohols can be oxidized to carboxylic acids.

C. An alcohol can be dehydrated to an alkene by treating with concentrated

sulphuric acid at 180C.

D. Phosphorus trihalides can convert an alcohol to a haloalkane.

168

Which of the following reactions are correct?

(1) 3CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2CH3 + PBr3 3CH3CHBrCH2CH2CH3

(2) CH2(OH)CH2(OH) + 4[O] (COOH)2 + 2H2O

(3) CH3CH2Br + NaOH CH3CH2OH + NaBr

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

169

Which of the following compounds is/are the possible product(s) formed from the



oxidation of butan-2-ol?

(1) Butanone

(2) Butanoic acid

(3) Butanal

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

170

Which of the following compounds could be collected from the oxidation of

pentan-1-ol?

(1) Pentanoic acid

(2) Pentanal

(3) Pentanone

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

171

Which of the following statements concerning phosphorus tribromide are correct?

(1) It can convert butan-2-ol to 2-bromobutane.

(2) It can convert but-2-ene to 2,3-dibromobutane.

(3) It is formed from the reaction between phosphorus and bromine.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

172

Which of the following compounds is/are the possible product(s) formed from the

oxidation of methanol?

(1) Methanal

(2) Methyl methanoate

(3) Methanoic acid

A. (1) only

B. (2) only



C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

173

Which of the following reactions can produce a haloalkane?

(1) The reaction between butan-1-ol and phosphorus trichloride.

(2) The reaction between but-1-ene and hydrogen bromide.

(3) The reaction between propene and chlorine solution.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

174

Which of the following compounds is the product formed from the reaction between

ethanol and solid potassium bromide in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid?

A. CH3CH2Br

B. BrCH2CH2Br

C. CH3CH3

D. BrCH=CHBr

175

Which of the following statements concerning the compound below is/are correct?

(1) It is a primary alcohol.

(2) It reacts with acidified potassium dichromate solution to give a ketone.

(3) It reacts with hydrogen chloride to give 2,2-dichlorobutan-1-ol as the major

product.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

176

Which of the following compounds are NOT secondary alcohols?



(1)

(2)

(3)

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

177

Which of the following statements concerning the reaction between butan-1-ol and

hydrogen bromide are correct?

(1) The product of the reaction is bromobutane.

(2) The reaction involved is a substitution reaction.

(3) Hydrogen bromide should be made by heating bromine with red phosphorus.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

178

Compound X is an alcohol with the condensed formula of CH3CH(OH)C2H5. Which

of the following statements concerning compound X is/are correct?

(1) It is a secondary alcohol.

(2) It undergoes dehydration in the presence of dilute sulphuric acid at 180C to give

an alkene and water.

(3) It can be oxidized to butanoic acid.

A. (1) only



B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

179


3CH3CH2CH2OH + PI3 3CH3CH2CH2I + Compound X

What is compound X?

A. P2O5

B. P4O10

C. H3PO3

D. H3PO4

180

Which of the following reagents can convert primary alcohols to carboxylic acids?

(1) Acidified potassium dichromate solution

(2) Acidified potassium permanganate solution

(3) Acidified potassium nitrate solution

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 46.6

181

Which of the following statements concerning propanone are correct?

(1) It has a lower boiling point than propanoic acid.

(2) It can be reduced to give propan-2-ol.

(3) It can be oxidized to give propanoic acid.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

182





A.

B.

C.

D.

183

Which of the following compounds can change acidified potassium dichromate

solution from orange to green in an appropriate condition?

(1) Butanal

(2) Pentan-2-one

(3) Hexan-1-ol

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

184

Which of the following statements concerning LiAlH4 are correct?

(1) It should be stored in paraffin oil.

(2) It should be used in dry ether.

(3) It is soluble in common organic solvents.



A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

185

Which of the following statements concerning the compound below are correct?

(1) It has no reaction towards acidified potassium dichromate solution.

(2) It can react with lithium aluminium hydride in dry ether, followed by dilute

hydrochloric acid to give

(3) It is optically inactive.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

186

Which of the following statements concerning primary alcohols is/are correct?

(1) They can be dehydrated to alkenes by treating with concentrated sulphuric acid

at 180C.

(2) They can be formed by reducing ketones with LiAlH4 in dry ether and dilute

acids.

(3) They can be formed by reacting haloalkanes with sodium hydroxide solution.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

187




butanal and acidified potassium dichromate solution?

A. But-1-ene

B. Butan-1-ol

C. Butane

D. Butanoic acid

188


butane-2,3-dione and LiAlH4 in dry ether followed by a dilute acid?

A. 3-oxobutan-2-ol

B. 3-hydroxybutan-2-one

C. 2-hydroxybutan-3-one

D. Butane-2,3-diol

189


2-bromopent-3-one and LiAlH4 in dry ether followed by a dilute acid?

A. Pent-2,3-diol

B. 2-bromopentan-3-ol

C. 2-hydroxypentan-3-one

D. 2-bromopentan-3,3-diol

Section 46.7

190



A.

B.



C.

D.

191


What is compound B?

A.

B.

C.

D.

192

Which of the following reagents can be used to convert propanal to propanoic acid?

A. Concentrated sulphuric acid

B. Acidified potassium dichromate solution

C. Lithium aluminium hydride in dry ether

D. Thionyl chloride

193

Which of the following reagents can be used to oxidize propan-1-ol to propanoic

acid?


(2) Acidified potassium permanganate solution



(3) Lithium aluminium hydride in dry ether

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

194

Which of the following compounds can be oxidized by acidified potassium

dichromate solution?

A. HCOOH

B. CH3CH2OH

C. CH3COCH2CH3

D. (CH3)3COH

195



Compound X Reagent Y

A. CH3CH2CHO Concentrated H2SO4

B. CH3CH2CHO Acidified K2Cr2O7

C. CH3CH2CH2OH Concentrated H2SO4

D. CH3CH2CH2OH Acidified K2Cr2O7

196

Which of the following reactions can produce a primary alcohol?

(1) CH3CH2CH2Cl + OH

(2) CH3CH2CH2COOH + LiAlH4 in dry ether + H+

(3) CH3COCH3 + LiAlH4 in dry ether + H+

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

197

Which of the following are the functions of concentrated sulphuric acid in the



esterification of a carboxylic acid?

(1) It acts as a catalyst.

(2) It removes water produced from the reaction.

(3) It precipitates the ester formed.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

198

Which of the following chemicals are required for converting carboxylic acids to

amides?

(1) SOCl2

(2) HNO3

(3) NH3

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

199


butanoic acid and LiAlH4 in dry ether followed by a dilute acid?

A. Butanal

B. Butan-1-ol

C. Butane

D. Butene

Section 46.8

200

Which of the following statements concerning esters are correct?

(1) An ester is a colourless volatile liquid with a characteristic sweet fruity smell.

(2) Methyl ethanoate can be hydrolysed to ethanoic acid and methanol by heating

under reflux with dilute hydrochloric acid.

(3) Methyl propanoate can be formed by heating a mixture of propanoic acid and

methanol with concentrated sulphuric acid.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only



C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

201

Which of the following statements concerning butan-1-ol are correct?

(1) It can be converted to but-1-ene in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid at

180C.

(2) It can be oxidized to butanoic acid by heating under reflux with acidified

potassium dichromate solution.

(3) It is one of the products formed from the acid hydrolysis of butyl methanoate.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

202

Which of the following statements concerning acid hydrolysis of ethyl butanoate are

correct?

(1) The products of acid hydrolysis are butanoic acid and ethanol.

(2) The acid hydrolysis does not go to completion.

(3) The acid hydrolysis can be catalysed by dilute hydrochloric acid.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

203

Which of the following statements concerning hydrolysis of an ester are correct?

(1) It can be carried out either in acidic or alkaline medium.

(2) It can be catalysed by either strong acids or alkalis.

(3) It can produce an alcohol as one of the products.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 46.9

204



Which of the following statements concerning an amide is/are correct?

(1) Alkaline hydrolysis of an amide gives ammonia.

(2) An amide can be reduced to carboxylic acid by LiAlH4 in dry ether.

(3) An amide can be formed by treating a carboxylic acid with SOCl2 and then NH3.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

205


Which of the following compounds are the products of the above reaction?

A.

B.

C.

D.

206

Which of the following compounds are the products formed from the alkaline

hydrolysis of propanamide with sodium hydroxide solution?

A. Propanone and ammonia

B. Propanoic acid and ammonium ion



C. Propan-1-ol and ammonium ion

D. Sodium propanoate and ammonia

207


CH3CH2CONH2 and NaOH(aq)?

A. CH3CH2COOH

B. CH3CH2COONa+

C. CH3CH2CH2NH2

D. CH3CH2CHO

208

Which of the following reactions would give propanoic acid?

(1) The reaction between propan-2-ol and acidified potassium permanganate

solution.

(2) The reaction between methyl propanoate and water in the presence of dilute

sulphuric acid.

(3) The reaction between propanamide and water in the presence of dilute

hydrochloric acid.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

209

Which of the following reactions would give butanoate ion?

(1) Adding sodium metal to butanoic acid.

(2) Heating ethyl butanoate with dilute acid under reflux.

(3) Heating butanamide with dilute sodium hydroxide solution under reflux.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

210

Which of the following compounds are the products formed by heating a mixture of

propanamide and dilute hydrochloric acid under reflux?

(1) Propanoic acid



(2) Ammonia

(3) Ammonium ion

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)











Sections 46.146.3

211

The hydrogenation of alkenes can be

catalysed by either platinum or nickel.

Either platinum or nickel is a metal

catalyst used to speed up the

hydrogenation.

212

The major product of the reaction

between 2-methylbut-2-ene and

hydrogen chloride is

2-chloro-2-methylbutane.

Markovnikov’s rule states that the

hydrogen atom in hydrogen chloride is

added to the carbon atom of the

carbon-carbon double bond that already

carries the larger number of hydrogen

atoms.

Sections 46.446.5

213

An alcohol can be oxidized to give an

alkene.

In dehydration, hydrogen and oxygen in

the ratio of 2:1 are eliminated from a

compound.



214

Ethanol can be oxidized by potassium

dichromate solution.

Ethanol can be oxidized to ethanoic

acid.

Sections 46.646.7

215

Carboxylic acids can be reduced to

alcohols by mixing with LiAlH4 in

dilute acid.

LiAlH4 is a mild reducing agent.

Chemistry: Chapter 47 Inter-conversions of carbon compounds

Section 47.1

216

What is the minimum number of steps in converting propane to propanamide?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

217

Which of the following reagents are needed in a two-step synthesis of 1-bromoethane

from ethanal?

(1) Hydrogen bromide


(3) Dilute sulphuric acid

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

218

Which of the following reagents is NOT needed during the conversion of

1-chloropropane to propanamide?

A. Phosphorus trichloride

B Sodium hydroxide solution

C. Acidified potassium dichromate solution



D. SOCl2

219

Which of the following combinations is correct for a two-step synthesis of butanone

from 2-bromobutane?

Reagent used in step 1 Reagent used in step 2

A. Sodium hydroxide solution Acidified potassium dichromate

solution

B. Phosphorus trichloride Concentrated sulphuric acid

C. Sodium hydroxide solution LiAlH4 in dry ether

D. Acidified potassium dichromate

solution

Sodium hydroxide solution

220

Consider the following multi-step synthesis:


A B

A. 2-chloropropan-1-ol 2-chloropropanoic acid

B. 1-chloropropan-2-ol 1-chloropropanone

C. Propane-1,2-diol 2-hydroxypropanoic acid

D. Propane-1,2-diol 2-oxopropanoic acid

221

What is the minimum number of steps in converting an amide to an alkane?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

222

Which of the following reagents are needed during the conversion of propanamide to

propane?




(2) Sodium hydroxide solution

(3) Dilute hydrochloric acid

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

223

Which of the following statements concerning the conversion of 1-bromopropane to

propanamide are correct?

(1) The minimum number of steps for the conversion is two.

(2) A primary alcohol is one of the intermediate compounds.

(3) Ammonia is one of the reagents.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

224



A B

A. 4-hydroxybutanal 4-chlorobutanal

B. 4-formylbutan-1-ol 4-chlorobutan-1-ol

C. Butane-1,4-diol 1,4-dichlorobutane

D. Butane-1,4-diol 1-chlorobutane

225




Which of the following statements concerning the above synthesis is/are correct?

(1) The reagent A is dilute sulphuric acid.

(2) The reagent B is hydrogen bromide.

(3) The major product X is 1-bromopropane.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

226

Which of the following statements concerning the conversion of

1-bromo-3-chloropropane to propane-1,3-diol are correct?

(1) It is a substitution reaction.

(2) Excess sodium hydroxide solution should be used.

(3) It is a one-step synthesis.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

227

What is the minimum number of steps in converting an alkane to an amide?

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

228

Which of the following reagents are needed during the conversion of ethanol to

ethanamide?

(1) Ammonia

(2) Concentrated sulphuric acid


A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



229

Consider the following multi-step synthesis,

Which of the following statements concerning the above synthesis are correct?

(1) A is a dihaloalkane.

(2) The molecular formula of B is C4H10O2.

(3) C is butane-2,3-dione.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

230

Which of the following statements concerning the conversion of butan-1-ol to

butane-1,2-diol are correct?

(1) The minimum number of steps for the conversion is three.

(2) Excess sodium hydroxide solution is required.

(3) One of the intermediate compounds is a dihaloalkane.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

231

Which of the following conversions involves an acid?

(1) CH3CH2COOH CH3CH=CH2

(2) CH3CH2CH2OH CH3CH2CONH2

(3) CH3CH2COOCH3 CH3CH2CONH2

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

232

Which of the following conversions are regarded as hydrolysis?

(1) CH3CH2CONH2 CH3CH2COONa+ + NH3

(2) CH3CH2COOH CH3CH2CONH2



(3) CH3CH2COOCH3 CH3CH2COONa+ + CH3OH

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

233

What is the minimum number of steps in converting a haloalkane to a carboxylic

acid?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

234


What is compound B?

A. CH3CH2COOH

B. CH3CH=CH2

C. CH3CH2CH3

D. CH3CH2CHO

235

Which of the following reagents are needed for a three-step synthesis of propene from

propanamide?

(1) LiAlH4 in dry ether

(2) Concentrated H2SO4

(3) Dilute H2SO4

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

236

When butan-2-ol is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid at 180C, the possible

products are



(1) but-1-ene.

(2) but-2-ene.

(3) butanone.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

237

In an experiment, 2-chloropropane was converted to propanone by the following

synthetic route.


Reagent X Reagent Y

A. SOCl2 Dilute NaOH

B. Dilute NaOH Acidified K2Cr2O7

C. Dilute NaOH LiAlH4/dry ether

D. Concentrated H2SO4 Acidified K2Cr2O7

238

Propene can be converted to propanone by the following synthetic route.


X Y

A. Propan-1-ol 1-chloropropane

B. 1-chloropropane Propan-1-ol

C. Propan-2-ol 2-chloropropane

D. 2-chloropropane Propan-2-ol

239





Type of reaction A Type of reaction B

A. Addition Chlorination

B. Substitution Chlorination

C. Dehydration Addition

D. Dehydration Substitution

240

When ethanol is heated with acidified potassium dichromate solution, the possible

products are

(1) ethanal.

(2) ethanoic acid.

(3) ethyl ethanoate.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

241

Which of the following reagents are required for the conversion of propanamide to

1-chloropropane?


(2) Phosphorus trichloride


A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

242



Reagent A Reagent B

A. Dilute NaOH HCl



B. Concentrated H2SO4 HCl

C. Acidified K2Cr2O7 Cl2/CCl4

D. LiAlH4/dry ether Cl2/CCl4

243

What is the minimum number of steps in converting propene to propanone?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

244

Which of the following reagents is NOT needed during the conversion of ethene to

ethanamide?

A. Ammonia gas

B. Sodium hydroxide solution

C. Chlorine gas

D. Acidified potassium dichromate solution

245

Which of the following reagents is NOT needed during the conversion of

2-bromo-2-methylbutane to 2-methylbutane?

A. Concentrated sulphuric acid

B. Phosphorus trichloride

C. Hydrogen gas

D. Nickel catalyst

246

Which of the following statements concerning the preparation of ethanal from ethanol

are INCORRECT?

(1) Concentrated sulphuric acid is used as a catalyst in the reaction.

(2) In order to obtain ethanal, the reaction mixture should be heated under reflux for

about 20 to 30 minutes.

(3) The reaction mixture should be heated in a water bath.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



247


Which of the following is compound Z?

A. CH3CH3

B. CH3CHO

C. CH3COOH

D. CH3CH2OH

248

Which of the following reagents are required during the conversion of ethene to

ethanoic acid?

(1) Dilute NaOH


(3) HCl

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

249

Which of the following statements concerning the conversion of ethene to ethanoic

acid are correct?

(1) The minimum number of steps in converting ethene to ethanoic acid is three.

(2) A secondary alcohol is one of the intermediate compounds.

(3) Dilute sodium hydroxide solution is one of the reagents.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

250


Which of the following is compound R?



A. CH3CH3

B. CH3CH2Cl

C. CH3CCl3

D. CCl3CCl3

251

Which of the following reagents are required during the conversion of CH3CH2OH to

CCl3CCl3?

(1) H2


(3) Excess Cl2 in CCl4

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

252

Which of the following statements concerning the conversion of CH3CH2OH to

CCl3CCl3 are correct?

(1) The minimum number of steps in converting CH3CH2OH to CCl3CCl3 is three.

(2) An alkane is one of the intermediate compounds.

(3) Excess Cl2 in CCl4 is one of the reagents.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

253


Which of the following is compound Y?

A. Ethane

B. Ethanol

C. 1-chloroethane

D. 2-chloroethane

254



Which of the following statements concerning the conversion of ethanoic acid to

1-chloroethane are correct?

(1) A primary alcohol is one of the intermediate compounds.

(2) The minimum number of steps in converting ethanoic acid to 1-chloroethane is

two.

(3) Dilute acid is one of the reagents.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

255


Which of the following is compound Y?

A. Pentanamide

B. 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid

C. 2,2-dimethylpropanamide

D. 1-amino-2,2-dimethylpropanone

256

Which of the following reagents are needed during the conversion of C(CH3)3CHO to

C(CH3)3CONH2?

(1) SOCl2

(2) NH3

(3) H2

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

257

Which of the following statements concerning the conversion of propanone to

propene are correct?

(1) The minimum number of steps for the conversion is two.

(2) A secondary alcohol is one of the intermediate compounds.



(3) Lithium aluminium hydride in dry ether is one of the reagents.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

258

Which of the following reagents are needed during the conversion of butanone to

2-chlorobutane?

(1) Phosphorus trichloride



A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

259



Compound A Reagent B Compound C

A. CH3CH2CHO Dilute HCl CH3CH2CH2OH

B. CH3CH2COH Dilute NaOH CH3COCH3

C. CH3CH2COONa+ Dilute HCl CH3CH2CH2OH

D. CH3CH2COONa+ Dilute NaOH CH3CH2CHO

260

Which of the following statements concerning the conversion of propanamide to

propan-1-ol are correct?

(1) The minimum number of steps for the conversion is three.

(2) A carboxylic acid is one of the intermediate compounds.



(3) Lithium aluminium hydride is one of the reagents for the conversion.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

261



Compound P Compound R

A. CH3COOH CH3OH

B. CH3OH CH3COOH

C. CH3COONa+ CH3OH

D. CH3OH CH3COONa+

262



Compound P Compound R

A . HCHO CH3COOH

B. HCOOH CH3COOH

C. C H3COOH HCOOH

D. CH3COOH HCHO

263

h of the following conversions involve a reducing agent?

H

Whic

(1) CH3CHO CH2=CH2

(2) CH2=CH2 CH3CH2O

(3) CH3COOH CH3CH2Cl

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



264

is the minimum number of steps in converting an alkane to an aldehyde?

265

ider the following multi-step synthesis:

What

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

Cons


Reagent X Compound Y Compound Z

A Acid O7 . ified K2Cr2 CH3COOH CH3OH

B. C oncentrated H2SO4 CH2=CH2 CH3OH

C. Acidified K2Cr2O7 C CH H3COOH 3CH2OH

D. C oncentrated H2SO4 CH2=CH2 CH3CH2OH

266

h of the following compounds CANNOT be converted to an alcohol in a single

. Propanone

267

h of the following statements about converting 2-chloropropane to propanone

version is a two-step synthesis.

sodium hydroxide solution.

Whic

step?

A

B. Propanal

C. Propane

D. Propene

Whic

are correct?

(1) The con

(2) One of the reagents of the conversion is

(3) A secondary alcohol is an intermediate compound.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



268

h of the following reagents are needed during the conversion of propanamide to

entrated H2SO4

and (2) only

Section 47.2

Whic

propene?

(1) Conc

(2) Dilute HCl

(3) LiAlH4

A. (1)

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

23.0 g of ethanol reacts with 48.5 g of hydrogen bromide, 32.7 g of

270

1 mole of ethanol is oxidized by heating with acidified potassium dichromate

acid is 80.0%.

e oxidation.

oxidation.

271

ider the following multi-step synthesis:

269

When

bromoethane is obtained. What is the percentage yield of bromoethane?

A. 30.0%

B. 50.1%

C. 60.0%

D. 70.3%

When

solution, 0.8 mole of ethanoic acid is obtained. Which of the following statements

concerning the oxidation are correct?

(1) The percentage yield of ethanoic

(2) Ethanal is an intermediate compound in the abov

(3) Acidified KMnO4 can replace acidified K2Cr2O7 in the above

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Cons

The overall percentage yield is 36%. hat is the percentage yield for converting C to W



D?

A. 80%

272

is the overall yield of the following synthesis?

B. 75%

C. 65%

D. 60%

What

A. 24%

273

4.6 g of ethanol is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, 1.4 g of ethene is

274

is the overall yield of the following synthesis?

B. 48%

C. 50%

D. 60%

When

obtained. What is the percentage yield of ethene?

A. 10.0%

B. 30.4%

C. 50.0%

D. 60.9%

What

A. 10.0%

275

70.0 g of chloroethane mixed with excess sodium hydroxide solution, 27.0 g of

B. 14.4%

C. 30.0%

D. 40.0%

When

ethanol was obtained. What is the percentage yield of ethanol?

A. 27.0%

B. 38.6%

C. 53.9%



D. 71.6%

276

h of the following statements about planning a synthetic route are correct?

277

28.0 g of ethene reacts with excess hydrogen chloride, 38.0 g of chloroethane is

278

verall yield of the following synthesis is 28%. What is the percentage yield for

Whic

(1) The planned route should produce little or no by-products.

(2) The planned route should involve as few steps as possible.

(3) The percentage yield of planned route should be over 50%.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

When

obtained. What is the percentage yield of chloroethane?

A. 38.0%

B. 58.9%

C. 66.0%

D. 73.7%

The o

converting B to C?

A. 14%

279

12.0 g of butan-1-ol and 10.2 g of ethanoic acid were mixed and heated under

B. 28%

C. 50%

D. 75%

When

reflux with a few cm3 of concentrated sulphuric acid, 5.8 g of ester was obtained.

What is the percentage yield of the ester formed?

A. 56.9%

B. 48.3%

C. 30.9%

D. 29.4%



280

experiment, 10.5 g of methyl ethanoate was heated under reflux with a dilute

281

10 cm3 of methanoic acid (density = 1.2 g cm3) was heated under reflux with

Section 47.3

In an

acid to give a mixture of ethanoic acid and methanol. Then, pure ethanoic acid was

distilled out from the product mixture and required 100 cm3 of 0.5 M sodium

carbonate solution for complete neutralization. What is the percentage yield of

ethanoic acid?

A. 35.2%

B. 57.1%

C. 70.4%

D. 81.1%

When

10 cm3 of ethanol (density = 0.8 g cm3) in the presence of acid catalyst, 8.5 g of ethyl

methanoate was obtained. What is the percentage yield of ethyl methanoate?

A. 42.5%

B. 44.0%

C. 65.9%

D. 70.8%

h of the following statements about using a reflux condenser in a laboratory

m the reaction mixture during heating.

283

laboratory preparation of an ester, a distillate is obtained after distilling the

wing statements concerning the distillate are correct?

282

Whic

preparation of an ester are correct?

(1) It condenses vapour formed fro

(2) It prevents the loss of volatile substances on prolonged heating.

(3) It must be kept open to the atmosphere during heating.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

In a

product mixture.

Which of the follo

(1) The distillate has a much lower percentage of water.



(2) The distillate is mixed with excess sodium carbonate solution to remove any

(3) be redistilled to obtain pure ester.

284

aboratory preparation of an ester, a mixture of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid is

m carbonate solution

e


correct explanation

B. ue and the 2nd statement is NOT a correct

C. nd statement is true.

acidic substances.

The distillate has to

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

In a l

heated under reflux in the presence of acid catalyst. Then, a distillate is obtained after

distilling the product mixture. Which of the following reagents are used to purify the

distillate?

(1) Sodiu

(2) Calcium chloride solution

(3) Anhydrous calcium chlorid

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)




A. Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a


Both statements are tr


The 1st statement is false but the 2


ections 47.147.3S

entrated sulphuric acid is used in Concentrated sulphuric acid is an

285

Conc

the laboratory preparation of ester. oxidizing agent.



286

e laboratory preparation of an

In the laboratory preparation of an ester,

med.

In th

ester, concentrated sulphuric acid is

used as a catalyst.

concentrated sulphuric acid drives the

equilibrium of esterification to the

product side by removing water for

287

eflux condenser is used to

e

The reflux condenser should be kept

.

The r

condense vapour formed from th

reaction mixture during heating.

open to the atmosphere during heating

Chemistry: Chapter 48 Important organic substances

ection 48.1

S

h of the following compounds is NOT a carbohydrate?

289

h of the following statements about glucose and fructose are correct?

orm.

290

h of the following statements concerning simple sugars are correct?

ars.

288

Whic

A. C6(H2O)6

B. C5H10O5

C. C3H6O3

D. C7H15O7

Whic

(1) They have the same molecular formula.

(2) They are chain isomers.

(3) They can exist in a ring f

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Whic

(1) Their general formula is Cx(H2O)y.

(2) Glucose and fructose are simple sug

(3) They are insoluble in water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only



C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

291

h of the following statements concerning glucose and fructose are correct?

292

h of the following functional groups are present in fructose?

ly

293

ider the following structure:

Whic

(1) They have different numbers of chiral carbon atoms.

(2) They are position isomers.

(3) They are soluble in water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Whic

(1) Hydroxyl group

(2) Ketone group

(3) Aldehyde group

A. (1) and (2) on

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Cons

What is the above compound?

A. Fructose

B. Glucose

C. Sucrose

D. Starch



294

ider the following structure: Cons

What is the above comp

Section 48.2

ound?

A. Fructose

B. Glucose

C. Sucrose

D. Starch

h of the following statements about animal fats are correct?

s derived from long-chain

(3) ycerol which has three OH groups.

296

h of the following functional groups present in an unsaturated fat molecule?

double bond

ly

297

h of the following are unsaturated fatty acids?

295

Whic

(1) They are generally solids at room temperature.

(2) They contain a higher proportion of triglyceride

unsaturated fatty acids.

They are formed from gl

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Whic

(1) Ester group

(2) Carbon-carbon

(3) Carboxyl group

A. (1) and (2) on

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Whic



(1) Oleic acid

(2) Linoleic acid

only

298

h of the following statements concerning animal fats and vegetable oils are

al fats have a higher percentage of saturated triglycerides than vegetable

(2) g too much animal fats will raise blood cholesterol level.

nditions

2) only

299

h of the following statements concerning fatty acids are correct?

arbon-carbon double bonds, the

(3) rboxylic acids containing 11 to 23 carbon atoms.

300

h of the following statements about olive oil derived from oleic acid

t room temperature.

acids.

(3) Palmitic acid

A. (1) and (2)

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Whic

correct?

(1) Anim

oils.

Eatin

(3) Animal fats and vegetable oils are solids and liquids at room co

respectively.

A. (1) and (

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Whic

(1) They are one of the components of fats and oils.

(2) If the hydrocarbon chain of a fatty acid contains c

fatty acid is saturated.

They are long-chain ca

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Whic

(CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH) is/are INCORRECT?

(1) It is a vegetable oil.

(2) It is usually a solid a

(3) It has a higher content of unsaturated fatty



A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

301

h of the following statements concerning vegetable oils is INCORRECT?

ogenation.

s derived

D.

302

h of the following statements concerning glucose are correct?

d potassium dichromate solution to give a green solution.

303

iagram below shows the structure of a vegetable oil molecule. R1, R2 and R3 are

D. (2) and (3) only

Whic

A. The chemical structures of vegetable oils are triesters.

B. Vegetable oils can be converted into margarine by hydr

C. Vegetable oils generally contain a higher proportion of triglyceride

from long-chain unsaturated fatty acids.

All vegetable oils are optically inactive.

Whic

(1) It is a carbohydrate.

(2) It reacts with acidifie

(3) It reacts with iodine solution to give a dark blue solution.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

The d

hydrocarbon chains containing the same number of carbon atoms but different

numbers of C=C bonds.

Which of the following statements concerning the vegetable oil molecule is/are

optically active.

lymer of glycerol and fatty acids.

correct?

(1) It is

(2) It is a condensation po



(3) The vegetable oil becomes solid after hydrogenation in the presence of a metal

ly

304

olecule is shown below:

catalyst.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) on

D. (2) and (3) only

A fat m

Which of the following functional groups is present in the fat molecule?

Section 48.3

A. Hydroxyl group

B. Ketone group

C. Ester group

D. Carboxyl group

h of the following statements concerning proteins are correct?

teins.

roteins.

306

ment of a polypeptide is shown below:

305

Whic

(1) Proteins are long polypeptide chains.

(2) There are many amide linkages in pro

(3) Water is eliminated during the formation of p

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

A seg



Which of the following amino acids make up the segment?

(1)

(2)

(3)

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

307

Which of the following statements concerning amino acids are correct?

(1) Each amino acid molecule contains an amino group and a carboxyl group.

(2) All amino acid molecules have a chiral carbon atom and thus can rotate the plane

of polarized light.

(3) Amino acid molecules undergo condensation reaction to give protein.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

308

Which of the following statements concerning protein is/are correct?

(1) It is a natural polymer.

(2) It is an addition polymer.

(3) All amino acids are optically active.



A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

309

A segment of a polypeptide is shown below:

Which of the following functional groups is present in the individual amino acids that

make up the polypeptide?

A. Amino group

B. Amide group

C. Ketone group

D. Carbonyl group

Section 48.4

310

Which of the following functional groups is NOT present in aspirin?

A. Carbonyl group

B. Benzene ring

C. Ester group

D. Carboxyl group

311

Which of the following functional groups is NOT present in aspirin?

A. Ester group

B. Benzene ring

C. Hydroxyl group

D. Carboxyl group

312

Which of the following functional groups does aspirin contain?

(1) Carboxyl group

(2) Hydroxyl group

(3) Ester group



A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

313

Which of the following statements concerning aspirin are correct?

(1) It is an ester.

(2) It is a painkiller.

(3) Low dose of aspirin prevents stroke.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

314

Which of the following functional groups are present in aspirin?

(1) Carboxyl group

(2) Amide group

(3) Benzene ring

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

315

Consider the following structure of paracetamol:

Which of the following functional groups are present in paracetamol?

(1) Amide group

(2) Ketone group

(3) Hydroxyl group

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only



D. (1), (2) and (3)

316

Which of the following are the functional groups that can be found in acetylsalicylic

acid (aspirin)?

(1) Aldehyde group

(2) Carboxyl group

(3) Ester group

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

317

Which of the following are the major products when aspirin is heated with sodium

hydroxide solution under reflux?

(1) CH3COONa+

(2)

(3)

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

318

Which of the following are the functions of aspirin?

(1) Relieving pain

(2) Reducing inflammation and fever

(3) Reducing the risk of heart attack

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



Section 48.5

319

Which of the following statements about soapy detergents are correct?

(1) Their structures have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.

(2) They are made from petroleum.

(3) They form scum with calcium ions in hard water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

320

Which of the following statements about soapless detergents are correct?

(1) They have wetting and emulsifying properties.

(2) They are usually sodium salts of long-chain alkylsulphate.

(3) They form lather with magnesium ions in hard water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

321

Which of the following sequences is correct for the cleaning action of soaps and

soapless detergents?

(1) The hydrophobic tails of detergent anions dissolve in grease.

(2) The grease forms tiny droplets, forming an emulsion.

(3) Water can enter small spaces to wet the object thoroughly.

(4) Water molecules attract the hydrophilic heads of detergent anions, lifting up the

grease from surface.

A. (4), (1), (2), (3)

B. (1), (4), (2), (3)

C. (4), (3), (1), (2)

D. (3), (1), (4), (2)

322

Which of the following statements concerning soapy detergents is/are INCORRECT?

(1) Soapy detergents are always acidic.

(2) Each soapy detergent anion contains an ionic head and a hydrocarbon chain.



(3) Soapy detergents are made from petroleum.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

323

Which of the following organic substances contain(s) carboxylate group?

(1) Soap

(2) Glycerol

(3) Aspirin

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

324

Which of the following statements concerning soapy detergents are correct?

(1) They are always alkaline.

(2) They are made from chemicals obtained from petroleum.

(3) The ionic head of soapy detergent is always a carboxylate group.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

325

Which of the following statements concerning a detergent anion is/are correct?

(1) It contains a hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail.

(2) It is attracted to both water and oil molecules.

(3) Its ionic head must be a carboxylate group.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

326

Which of the following statements concerning saponification are correct?



(1) It involves sodium hydroxide solution.

(2) It is used to prepare soapless detergents.

(3) It gives glycerol as the by-product.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

327

Which of the following statements concerning hard water are correct?

(1) It contains considerable concentrations of calcium and/or magnesium ions.

(2) Soapless detergents work properly in it.

(3) Both lather and scum are formed when soap works in it.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

328

Which of the following products are formed when peanut oil is boiled with sodium

hydroxide solution?

(1) Propane-1,2,3-triol

(2) Soapy detergents

(3) Ester

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

329

Soapy detergents do not work properly in acidic medium because

A. soapy detergents form esters with acids.

B. soapy detergents react with acids to form an insoluble scum.

C. soapy detergents decompose in acids.

D. soapy detergents form fatty acid in acids.

330

Which of the following is a correct general structure for a detergent particle?



A.

B.

C.

D.

331

Which of the following are the correct structures for soapless detergents?

(1)

(2)

(3)

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

332

Which of the following is/are the correct structure(s) for soaps?

(1)

(2)

(3)

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only



333

Which of the following statements concerning the wetting property of detergents are

correct?

(1) It reduces the surface tension of water.

(2) It enables water to wet things more efficiently.

(3) It emulsifies grease.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

334

Which of the following statements concerning the arrangement of detergent anions in

an oil-water mixture are correct?

(1) Before shaking the mixture, the ionic heads of the detergent anions dissolve in

water.

(2) Before shaking the mixture, the hydrocarbon tails of the detergent anions

dissolve in the oil.

(3) After shaking the mixture, negatively charged oil droplets are formed.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

335

Which of the following statements concerning hard water is/are correct?

(1) Hard water contains considerable concentrations of calcium and/or magnesium

ions.

(2) Soaps form lather in hard water.

(3) Both soaps and soapless detergents work well in hard water.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

336

Consider the following statements:



(1) The hydrophobic tails of detergent anions dissolve in grease.

(2) By stirring, the grease is broken down into tiny droplets, forming an emulsion.

(3) A detergent enables water to wet the object thoroughly.

(4) Water molecules attract the hydrophilic heads of detergent anions, lifting up the

grease from the surface.

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the above statements for describing

how a detergent removes grease from a surface?

A. (1), (2), (3), (4)

B. (1), (4), (3), (2)

C. (3), (1), (4), (2)

D. (3), (4), (2), (1)

337

Which of the following substances are the starting materials for making soaps?

(1) Animal fats

(2) Vegetable oils

(3) Chemicals obtained from petroleum

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

338

Which of the following statements concerning soaps and soapless detergents is/are

correct?

(1) Both of them work well in hard water.

(2) Both have wetting and emulsifying properties.

(3) Both are made from fats or oils.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

339

Which of the following statements about detergents are correct?

(1) Detergents reduce the surface tension of water and enable water to wet things

more easily.

(2) Detergents are emulsifying agents which mix oil and water together.



(3) Detergents are made from animal fats.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

340

Which of the following statements about soapy detergents is/are correct?

(1) They form lather in hard water.

(2) They can be prepared by heating vegetable oils with sodium hydroxide solution.

(3) They react with the sodium ions to form scum.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

341

Which of the following combinations concerning the general structure of a detergent

anion is correct?

The head The tail

A. Hydrophobic Hydrophilic

B. Hydrophobic Hydrophobic

C. Hydrophilic Hydrophobic

D. Hydrophilic Hydrophilic

342

Which of the following is/are soapy detergent(s)?

(1) (2)

(3)

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

343



Which of the following diagrams correctly shows the detergent anions arrange

themselves in an oil droplet?

A.

B.

C.

D.

344

Which of the following statements about adding a detergent to an oil-water mixture

are correct?

(1) The heads of detergent anions dissolve in the oil.

(2) Oil droplets are formed after shaking the mixture.

(3) The oil droplets are negatively charged and disperse throughout the water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

345

Which of the following statements concerning detergents are correct?

(1) Detergents are substances which have cleaning power.

(2) Detergents are substances which enhance the cleaning power of water.

(3) Detergents work as a wetting agent and an emulsifying agent.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

346

Which of the following are detergents?

(1) C17H35COOK



(2) C12H25OSO3Na

(3) C17H35COOH

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

347

Why are soapless detergents called ‘soapless’?

A. They do not have the cleaning power as soaps.

B. They do not contain any soap.

C. They do not form any lather when they are shaken with water.

D. They cannot be used together with soaps.

348

Which of the following diagrams represents the correct structure of a detergent

particle?

A.

B.

C.

D.

Ionic head Hydrocarbon tail

349

Which of the following is the structure of a soapy detergent particle?

A. B.

C.

D.



350

Which of the following is the structure of a soapless detergent particle?

A. B.

C.

D.

351

Which of the following diagrams represents the detergent solution on a piece of cloth?

A.

B.

C.

D.

352

Which of the following diagrams correctly represents a mixture of water and oil (with

a little detergent added) after shaking and allowing it to stand?

A.

B.

C.

D.

353

Which of the following diagrams correctly represents the arrangement of detergent

anions in an oil-water mixture after shaking?

water + oil

droplets

water and o

solution

il

water

oil water

oil



A.

B.

C. D.

354

Which of the following statements about detergents are correct?

(1) A detergent is sometimes known as a surfactant.

(2) The hydrocarbon tails of detergent anions contain 12 to 20 carbon atoms in

general.

(3) Detergents form scum in hard water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

355

Which of the following statements about soaps is correct?

A. They are usually potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids.

B. They are usually long-chain organic acids.

C. They are usually long-chain covalent molecules.

D. They are usually long-chain polymers.

356

Which of the following represents a soapy detergent with good cleaning power?

A. C2H5COONa+

B. C17H35COOK+

C. C17H35COOH

D. C17H35OSO3Na+

357

A glass of water is used to test with soapy and soapless detergents. The results are

shown below:

Soapy detergent Soapless detergent

water

oil droplet

water

oil droplet

water

oil droplet

water

oil droplet



Scum a lot no

Lather little a lot

What is in the glass?

A. Distilled water

B. Soft water

C. Deionized water

D. Sea water

358

When vegetable oil is boiled with sodium hydroxide solution, a product mixture is

obtained. Then concentrated sodium chloride solution is added to the product mixture,

a creamy yellow solid is obtained. Which of the following statements is

INCORRECT?

A. Glycerol is formed in the process as a by-product.

B. The step of adding concentrated sodium chloride solution is called ‘salting

out’.

C. The creamy yellow solid is an ester.

D. The creamy yellow solid can be used to remove grease.

359

Which of the following combinations for making a soapy detergent is correct?

A. Butter + sodium hydroxide solution

B. Palm oil + calcium hydroxide solution

C. Crude oil + potassium hydroxide solution

D. Paraffin oil + sodium hydroxide solution

360

Grease and oil in ovens or kitchen sinks are readily removed by concentrated sodium

hydroxide solution. Which of the following statements concerning the reaction

involved are correct?

(1) The grease and oil are hydrolysed by concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.

(2) A lot of heat is evolved when concentrated sodium hydroxide dissolves in water.

(3) Concentrated sodium hydroxide solution reacts with grease and oil to give

products which are soluble in water and can go through the drains.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



361

Which of the following alkalis is usually used to prepare bath soaps?

A. Sodium hydroxide

B. Ammonia

C. Potassium hydroxide

D. Calcium hydroxide

362

Under which of the following conditions do soapy detergents work improperly?

(1) Acidic medium

(2) Sea water

(3) Hard water

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

363

Which of the following substances is usually NOT the additives of washing powders?

A. Bleach

B. Alkali

C. Enzymes

D. Perfumes

364

Which of the following compounds are the possible products when a soapy detergent

is added to a sample of acidic sea water?

(1) (CH3(CH2)16COO)2Ca

(2) (CH3(CH2)16COO)2Mg

(3) CH3(CH2)16COOH

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

365

Which of the following ways can prevent soaps from forming scum in hard water?



(1) Adding phosphates in hard water.

(2) Adding washing soda in hard water.

(3) Adding sodium chloride in hard water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

366

Which of the following substances can form scum with soaps?

A. Sea water

B. Distilled water

C. Tap water

D. Deionized water

367

Which of the following statements about adding dilute hydrochloric acid into a soapy

detergent solution are correct?

(1) Solid ester is formed.

(2) White precipitate is produced.

(3) Cleaning action of the soapy detergent solution is lost.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

368

Which of the following combinations concerning detergents is correct?

Soapy detergent Soapless detergent

A.

B. C.

D.

369

Soaps have a cleaning property because they



(1) emulsify oil with water.

(2) increase the cohesive forces between water molecules.

(3) enable water to spread over the surface and wet it more easily.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

370

After the formation of soap by heating vegetable oil with sodium hydroxide solution,

what is added to the product mixture to obtain solid soap?

A. Sodium hydroxide

B. Brine

C. Small piece of solid soap

D. Calcium carbonate

371

Which of the following solutions can form scum with soapy detergents?

(1) Magnesium chloride solution

(2) Sodium chloride solution

(3) Calcium chloride solution

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

372

The formula of certain soap is CnH2n+1COONa and the relative molecular mass of it is

between 240 and 245. What is the value of n?

A. 12

B. 13

C. 14

D. 15

373

What could be observed when soapy detergent is added to lime water?

A. lather is formed.

B. The solution turns pink.



C. White precipitate is formed.

D. The solution is divided into two layers.

374

Which of the following statements about soapy detergents is INCORRECT?

A. They contain carboxylate group (COO).

B. They form scum in hard water.

C. They can be ‘tailor-made’ to suit a particular cleaning purpose.

D. They can be made by reacting animal fats with sodium hydroxide solution.

375

Pipe cleaners are commonly used at home to clean drainpipes. On the label of pipe

cleaner containers, safety direction is usually printed as, ‘Wear rubber gloves and

avoid contact with skin and eyes when using.’ Why this safety direction must be

followed?

A. The active ingredient is detergent which makes skin rough and dry.

B. The active ingredient is sodium hydroxide solution which is corrosive.

C. The active ingredient is enzyme which digests the grease.

D. The active ingredient is bleach which is corrosive and bleaches the skin.

376


Coconut oil + Sodium hydroxide solution Soap + Substance X

Which of the following compounds is substance X?

A. Ethanol

B. Water

C. Glycerol

D. Triester

377

Which of the following CANNOT be used in making soaps?

A. Palm oil

B. Lard

C. Paraffin oil

D. Linseed oil

378

What is another name for saponification?



A. Redox reaction

B. Alkaline hydrolysis of animal fats or vegetable oils

C. Acidic hydrolysis of animal fats and vegetable oils

D. Dehydration

379

Which of the following statements concerning soapless detergents is/are correct?

(1) They work properly in hard water.

(2) They form scum in hard water.

(3) Bath soaps are soapless detergents.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

380

The diagram below shows the structure of a detergent particle:

Which of the following statements about the detergent are INCORRECT?

(1) It is made from vegetable oils.

(2) Its ionic head is hydrophobic.

(3) It forms scum in hard water.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

Section 48.6

381

Which of the following organic substances contain amide linkages?

(1) Proteins

(2) Nylon

(3) Polyesters

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)



382

The general repeating unit of nylon is shown below:

Which of the following statements concerning the repeating unit are correct?

(1) R and R’ refer to hydrocarbon chains.

(2) Nylon is made up by many repeating units.

(3) The linkage is called amide linkage.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

c tements concerning nylon is/are INCORRECT?

(3) The general repeating unit of nylon is

383

Whi h of the following sta

(1) Nylon is a polyester.

(2) It contains peptide linkages.

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

D. (2) and (3) only

on 48.7Secti

hic organic substances has amide linkages?

ide

384

W h of the following

A. Triglycer

B. Glucose

C. Nylon



D. Polyester

llowing polymers is/are linked by amide linkages?

D. (2) and (3) only

(2) d polyesters are joined by amide linkages and ester

) etic fibres involved a condensation reaction.

D. (1), (2) and (3)

llowing organic substances are condensation polymers?

D. (1), (2) and (3)

re the possible monomers of a polyester?

H2COOH

) C COOH

385

Which of the fo

(1) Protein

(2) PET

(3) Polystyrene

A. (1) only

B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only

386

Which of the following statements about synthetic fibres are correct?

(1) Nylon and polyesters are synthetic substitute of wool and silk.

Monomers of nylon an

linkages respectively.

(3 The synthesis of synth

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

387

Which of the fo

(1) Protein

(2) Nylon 6,6

(3) Terylene

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

388

Which of the following compounds a

(1) HOOCCH2CH2CH2C

(2) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

(3 HO H2CH2CH2CH2



A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

llowing organic substances contain ester groups?

) y

D. (1), (2) and (3)

f

tatement. Then select

one

A. ue and the 2nd statement is a correct explanation

B. nd statement is NOT a correct

ut the 2nd statement is true.


389

Which of the fo

(1) Proteins

(2) Aspirin

(3 Pol esters

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only

Each question below consists of two separate statements. Decide whether each o


the second statement is a correct explanation of the first s

option from A to D according to the following table:

Both statements are tr


Both statements are true and the 2


C. The 1st statement is false b

Section 48.1

e oxidized to give

carboxylic acid.

Fructose has a ketone group.

390

Fructose cannot b

bohydrate and

has an aldehyde group.

bohydrate

and has an aldehyde group.

391

Fructose is a kind of car Glucose is also a kind of car

on 48.2Secti

392



Glycerol is insoluble in water. omponent of

triglycerides.

Glycerol is a c

sually liquids at

room temperature.

turated fatty acids in cis

configuration.

393

Vegetable oils are u Vegetable oils are derived from

long-chain unsa

ons 48.348.5Secti

etergents are always

alkaline.

lbenzenesulphonate and

alkylsulphate.

394

Soapless d Soapless detergents are sodium salts of

long-chain alky

ents form lather easily

in hard water.

r

or magnesium ions in hard

water.

395

Soapless deterg The ionic heads of soapless detergent

particles do not precipitate with eithe

calcium

Detergents are always alkaline.

/oils and sodium

hydroxide solution.

396

Soapy detergents are made from the

reaction between fats

wet a cloth

more easily than water.

t reduces the surface tension

of water.

397

A detergent solution can A detergen

Shampoos are soapless detergents. hemicals

obtained from petroleum.

398

Shampoos are made from c

m salts of

long-chain carboxylic acids.

rgents are made from

animal fats.

399

Soapless detergents are sodiu Soapless dete

400



In the presence of detergent, oil and

water can mix together.

Detergent is a wetting agent.

401

Detergents can remove grease and dirt

from a surface.

Detergents have both wetting and

emulsifying properties.

402

When a detergent is mixed with water,

effervescence occurs.

Lather is formed when a detergent is

mixed with water.

403

Detergents can dissolve in both water

and grease.

Each detergent particle has a

hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic

tail.

404

After saponification is completed,

concentrated sodium chloride solution

is added to separate the soaps from the

solution.

Concentrated sodium chloride solution

lowers the solubility of soaps in water.

405

Bath soaps are soapy detergents. Bath soaps are made from animal fats

and sodium hydroxide solution.

406

Soapless detergents work well in hard

water.

Hard water contains considerable

concentrations of magnesium ions and

calcium ions.

407

Soapy detergents do not work well in

hard water.

Soap anions react with calcium and/or

magnesium ions in hard water to give

insoluble scum.

408



Soapy detergents work well in acidic

water.

When soapy detergents are added to

acidic water, long-chain carboxylic

acids are formed.

409

Soapy detergents work properly in sea

water.

Sea water does not contain any

magnesium ions and calcium ions.

410

Washing soda is a water softener. Washing soda removes calcium and

magnesium ions as insoluble

carbonates.

Sections 48.648.7

411

Both nylon and polyesters are

insoluble in water.

Nylon contains amide linkages while

polyesters contain ester linkage.

carbon compounds mcq

Documents

following compounds

following organic compounds

compounds of carbon

following statements

following organic molecules

characteristics of compounds

hkdse chemistry

homologous series sections