cape rachado site a analysis

CAPE RACHADO-SITE ANALYSIS-

SITE PLAN01/

location plansite plan

PORT DICKSON

location plansite plan

key plansite plan

site plansite plan

topography/

contours and topographysite plan

section/

section a-asite plan

section b-bsite plan

section c-csite plan

EXISTING STRUCTURE02/

concrete pathwayexisting structure

Built all along the hiking trail from the lighthouse to the beach

concrete pavementexisting structure

REINFORCED CONCRETE

EPOXY COATED RE-

BARS

COMPACTED SUBGRADE

STRENGTHS:-low maintenance

-relatively high friction surface prevents slipping-provides a clean and easy path for visitors to

walk on-durable especially in forests with extreme climates

water resistant

WEAKNESS:-surface is very likely to crack as years pass.

-moss growth makes it slippery

concrete stepsexisting structure

E

C

The materials used are similar to concrete pavement.

The measure of the stairs are different. Stair wide are all similar, about 60cm. Stair raise range from 20cm to 50cm.Stair run range from 20cm to 50cm.

REINFORCED CONCRETE

POXY COATED RE-

BARS OMPACTED

SUBGRADE

WEAKNESSES:-Some stairs on site were not built according to the standard requirement.

-Some of the raise is too high or stair run is too cramped, making walkingdifficult and unsafe.

REASON:-It was built according to the mountain surface, causing it to go against

the setrequirement.

Wood installed along certain parts of the pathway acts as a boundary to separate natural and built

landscapes

WEAKNESS:Not able the withstand

climate changes, such as moisture ( grow moss) and

termite attacks.

Some pathways were created based on the position of rocks in the area. Visitors

have to step through the stones to continue their way.

STRENGTH:Preservation of natural elements, minimal

destruction of nature

WEAKNESS:Hazardous, not suitable for children and old people

metal railingsexisting structure

Colour: brown

Reason: To blend in with nature. The design principle of harmony avoids conflict with colours between it and its surroundings.

Railing Measurements

The railings can be found along the pavement and stairs when the terrain is steeper.

Connected by hex bold screws.

All railings share the same measurement.

HexHex Bolt

Railing Details

Huge space between handles:-Visitors are able to experience

the texture of the plants.

-View of natural environment not obstructed. Experience of 5

senses emphasized.

Material:Steel

Strengths:Steel lasts longer compared to wood after

painted.Cost-efficient.

Weather resistance, strong and durable.

Weaknesses: Openings too big, not safe for

children Steel rusts if lack maintenance

metal railingsexisting structure

retaining wallexisting structure

•

•

A short wall that spans along parts of the walkway that are very steepPrevents soil erosion and landslides that could block the pathway

Top of the wall carved to resemble a tree log

Heights are inconsistent due to steep contour of the site Slanted by 20-40 degrees inconsistently throughout the whole walkway

retaining wall detailsexisting structure

Material:concrete

material usedexisting structure

PROS-Firm and steady structure that will withstand the test of time-Suitable for holding loose and wet soil-Cost efficient

CONS

stained by dirt and- Easily soil

- Plants cracks

easily grow through the that may affect the

structure

entranced gazeboexisting structure

It is built after the light house, the hut act as an ‘entrance’ for the journey to the beach below the hill

REASON:The boards in it display information about the birds. Visitors learn about what they are going to see before they start walking the trail.

entranced gazeboexisting structure

-Equipped with information signboards about the site

-Pitch shaped roof ease elimination of rainwater

-Shelters visitors from rain and sunlight

-In terms of form, it is a common design

STRENGTHS:

Allow visitors to be sheltered from

unpleasant climate. Durable and long-lasting

WEAKNESSES:

Plain and boring design No seats provided

signboards in the gazeboexisting structure

STRENGTHS:Allow visitors to learn about the site

Reduce the plainness of the gazebo

Information is not updated regularly

WEAKNESS:Lack of maintenance

(no improvements made)

•••

Subjected to corrosion Strong supporting structureNon-resistant to wet and fire

1.Zinc Roof Tile••Highly resistant to corrosion Cheap, durable, light

•••

Function as supporting system DurableResistant to corrosion

1

2. Wood2

33. Concrete column

materiality-gazeboexisting structure

PlanFront Elevation Right Elevation

drawings-gazeboexisting structure

gazebo-roofingexisting structure

STRENGTHS:Zinc roof resistant to weather

Low maintenance Metal reflects heat and

blocks its fromheating the interior

WEAKNESSES:Metal nails rust

easily Zinc roof creates noisy sound when hit by rain.

Lack light penetrationLack maintenance

WOODEN STRUCTURE:

Strong and able to blend with the

surroundings. Connected together by metal nails

METAL ROOF:

Shelter for visitor while raining. Save cost and light in weight, easy to install.

Roof Structure Type

Material• Timbe

r

Structure• Tri-bearing roof

trusses.

Strength•••

Span much longer distance Very stable and strong Cheap

•

WeaknessesTimber will rot or warp, especially

•

•

when exposed in natural environmentWood attracts insects invaders such as termitesSuffer damage from high winds or violent weather.

columns-gazeboexisting structure

Concrete column painted like wood appearance

To synchronize with the surrounding nature

Create the beauty rather than a plain grey

column

STRENGTH:As a supporting structure in the same time enhance

theaesthetic of the structure.

WEAKNESS:Bulky in size but overall acceptable

curved benchesexisting structure

• Place for people to rest, sit and enjoy nature

• Located 3 M from entrance gazebo

• Facing the sea, enables visitors to see birds flying from the sea

Curved Bench Measurements

Front

Elevation

Side elevation

Material: Concrete• Strong and sturdy• Low maintenance requirement• Can easily withstand local weather conditions• Can last very long• Cost efficient

StrengthAccessiblePlaced near a place where all visitors pass by, easily spotted

WeaknessDamagedCracks and signs of vandalism can be found all over the bench

OpportunityPotential HotspotStructures can be built here due to high accessibility and good view.However, tall trees blocked the view.

ThreatVandalism ProneNo security to stop hooligans from damaging public property

observatory decksexisting structure

All observatory decks are located at the side of the slope facing towards the sea.

Wooden platform is elevated based on terrain

The observatory deck serves as a bird watching platform

The railing is painted yellow in colour so that it attracts attention from afar

Birds come from the direction of the sea into the forest, making it easier to spot them

• It is designed without a roof, so that visitors will be able to watch the birds from any direction

• Larger and further field of vision

• A platform is created by piercing the steel railing deep into the soil to strengthen the grip.

• Flat surface surrendered to pathway, pushing the deck above a slope

layout of the observatory deckexisting structure

Information rack

Bench

STRENGTHS:Square observatory deck maximizes

space. Information rack placed in front,convenient to read.

Bench located at the back to not block the other visitors who are observing the birds.

WEAKNESSES:No rain shelter for

visitors Poor maintenance: Information rack vandalised and abandoned Rusted steel and softened wood

jeopardizes visitor safety

Observatory Deck Measurements

Front Elevation

Plan

Right Elevation

Front Elevation

picnic tablesexisting structure

Amodified table with attached benches, designed for picnicking

Signboard

Picnic Tables

Trail

picnic tablesexisting structure

MATERIALS:Wood, steel, nuts and bolts

NUTS AND BOLTS:Made of medium carbon

steel Balanced ductilityGood wear resistance

But rusts rather quickly

Bolts Screws

Wooden Panel

STRENGTHS:Strong timber panels which blends in with

nature. Steel can withstand a huge amount of weight.

WEAKNESSES:Color on panels wear

off the wood panels are not secure due to rusty nuts and bolts

Picnic Table Measurements

Plan

Axonometric Drawing

0.3M

0.7M

1.83M

1.94M

0.4M

0.74M

Front Elevation

materiality-picnic tablesexisting structure

Wood

Metal

Concrete

WOOD••

•

Cheap and easy to attain. Wood protectant protects it from cracking, warping, or rotting due to moisture.The table-top and bench-top boards are attached to the trusses or beams using screws or nails.

METAL•

••

Heavy, durable and require little maintenance.Stable, strong. Painted to avoid rusting.

CONCRETE• Sets the benches

in place.

colour selection

REDDISH-BROWN• Nature and down-to-earth color signifying stability, structure and support.• Encourages a strong need for security and a sense of belonging, with family and friends being of utmost importance.• Suits to the surroundings such as colour of soil and trees. Harmonizes with nature.

YELLOW•

•

•

Evokes a warming effect, arouses cheerfulnessStrengthens relationship between family and friendsStimulates mental activity and energy (able to continue journey after an exhausting hiking).

beach gazeboexisting structure

•

•

A structure designed for visitors to rest and enjoy the view of the beach.Most of the structure were made of timber, which absorbs less heat and blends in with nature.

3m

2m

0.9mPlan

3m

2.1m

0.6m

Front elevation

drawings

•

•

Elevated, in case of rising sea levels and invading insects.Elements of traditional Malay architecture and ornamentation.

Metal cover

Wooden decorative design

(Timber)

Bench (Timber)

Base (Concrete)

Deck (Timber)Roof(Metal)

Structure

Metal (painted blue)•••

Able to withstand tough weather conditions. Reflects sunlight. (absorbs less heat)In correllance with the blue sea

Timber (brown)•••

Blends in with nature. Less heat absorbed.Gives a feeling of peacefulness and harmony. materials and

colorsexisting structure

LANDSCAPE03/

dense

Less dense

density of greenerieslandscape

soil conditionlandscape

Forest soil

•Accumulation of organic matter

•Low pH•Low plant•High clay

nutrient content

Mud

•Holds moisture•Good drainage

Sand

•Dry•Insufficient nutrients•Cannot transport water from lower strata

longitudinal section

Beach 1

Forest soil Mud

Sandy soil

Beach 2

Beach 2

condition of soillandscape

Longitudinal section

Tallest shortest

height of treeslandscape

Beach 1

Beach 2

height of treeslandscape


species of treeslandscape


H: approx. 60m ; D: 12mLarge TreesMeranti Tembaga

Approx. 12m

60m

meranti tembaga (Shorea Leprosula)

bark with shallow V-shapedGreyish brown fissures

Outer Bark

•Dull purplish brown.

•Hard and brittleInner BarkDull yellowish brown

GrowsFlatWell

on: topography drained soil

Strongly light demanding

Sapwood

•Pale cream

•Resinous

Heartwood


approx. 50m ; D: 2.5mH:Big assMeranti

tree Seraya

Approx. 18m-20m

meranti seraya (Shorea Curtisii)

130ft

Giant grey or reddish-brown bark with course fissures

Defined as a floristic tree

Tree as a crown appears greyish-green stand-out among other trees of forest

as canopy

Grows on:

Low land/Steep land

Elevation 300-800m

Near sea level


H: approx. 12.5m ; D: 2.5mArang-arang tree

Approx. 12m

Arang-arang (Diospyros spp.)

80ft

Medium hardwood

Density: 595-1,055 kg/m3 air dry

Natural durability:

•lighter coloured is non durable.

•Darker coloured is durableTexture: fine and even with straight to slightly

easy to work with to produce smooth

interlocked grain

Machining property:surface

Shrinkage: high, especially in the streaky material. tangential shrinkageRadial shrinkage averages 4.7% while

averages 8.7%.


H: approx. 30m ; D: 0.6mPanarahan tree

Penarahan (Myristicaceae)

with longitudinal fissures and dappledStraight bark.

Stilt roots enables growth at 100-2100m elevation

Large elliptic leaves

Grows on sandy soil

Durability:

•Adapts to rainy weather•Non resistant to

•Prone to termite

growth of fungi attack

Birds feed on its ripen fruits

30m


H: approx. 21m ; D: 0.75mBintagor tree

Bintangor

grain.Wood has a streaked,

Outer sapwoodYellowish brown

to frost and fireSensitive

Grows on:

Sandy beaches

Temperature moderated by the proximity of thesea and by the breezes

Uses:Boats Furniture Medicine Massage oil

(Calophyllum)30m

ribboned, or zig-zag

Inner sapwoodLight reddish


H: approx. 30m ; D: 4mKelat tree

Kelat (Syzygium spp.)

Medium hardwood

popularly used as plant dueto its hardiness and

an urban landscaping adaptability

Density: 495-1,010 kg/m3 air dry.

Natural durability:

•Moderately durable timber•Average service life of 3.3 years under natural Malaysian conditions

Texture: moderately fine and even with interlocked,irregular or wavy grain.

Shrinkage: high, with radialtangential shrinkage averaging

shrinkage averaging 1.9% and 3.3%.

Uses:Structural purposes Ships and boats Tramways and bridges

30m


H: approx. 30m ; D: 2.5mKaras tree

malaccensis)

Straight and smooth-barked. sometimeswith thick (10 cm) buttresses up to 2

fluted or m high

high amount of resinGood smell. Contains

Provides agarwood

Grows on:

Primary and secondary forests

Grows well on sandy loams developed fromsandstone

6-20m

Karas (aquilariaENDANGERED SPECIES

H: approx. 5m ; D: 0.8mMangrove tree

Mangrove tree (Rhizophoraceae Bruguiera)

Medium height

Salt tolerant trees (halophytes) adapted to livein harsh coastal conditions

Adapts to low oxygen

loss:Adaptation to limit water•restrict the opening of their stomata•vary the orientation of their leaves to avoid theharsh midday sun

Grows Saline

in:coastal sediment habitats

4-9m

Ashen coloured water

with sandLand covered androcks in various

sizes

Sea snails attachedonto rocks

beach condition analysislandscape

migratory bird/

P A C I F I C S W I F T

( A p u s p a c i f i c u s )

Can be distinguished through white rump band and heavily marked under part

Breeds in sheltered locations such as caves.

Strongly migratory

Call: typical swift screams but softer andless wheezy

Status and threats: Not considered at risk.

B A R N

( H i r u n d o

S W A L L O WR u s t i c a )

Most widespread species of swallow

• a longPasserine bird with blue upperparts forked tail • curved, pointed wingsUses man-made structures to breed

Feeds on insects caught in flight

Strongly migratory

Call: typical swift screams

Status and threats: Not considered at risk.

C O M M O N S A N D P I P E R

( A c t i t i s h y p o l e u c o s )

18–20 cm long with a 32–35 cm wingspan

greyish-brown upperparts, white underparts,

breeds across mostof temperate and subtropical Europe and Asia

Gather and stop overs at Palau in Micronesia departs around the last week of april

Call: Chirp.

considered at risk. but in some states of

Status and threats: Not is a vulnerable species Australia.

B l U E - T H R O A T E D

B E E - E A T E R( M e r o p s v i r i d

i s )

Small

Contrasting blue throat

Long central tail streamer

Call: Described as a liquid be-rek,be-rek; terrip-terrip. Alarm call is a sharp chip.

Migration: April-September. Before the arrival of Blue-tailed Bee-eater

Status and threats: Nesting sites affected by human interuption

B l U E - T A I L E D

B E E - E A T E R( M e r o

p sp h i l i p p i n u s )

Small

green brown

crown and back; yellow and rufous throat; upper breast; underparts apple green.

Call: Described as a liquid be-rek, be-rek; orrillip rillip rillip.

found in scrub, mangrove, forest, cultivated areas and grasslands.

Status and threats: Blue-tailed Bee-eaters are not considered at risk

C H I N E S E

G O S H A W K( A c c i p i t e r s o l o e n s i s )

30–36 cm in length

Female larger than the male

Adult has prominent black wing tips

Call: Vocalizes only in breeding season,especially early on; sharp "keee-keee-keee...". Generally silent.

A bird of wooded areas.

Status and threats: Not considered at risk

G R A Y

F A C E

B U Z Z A R D

41-46 cm in length

Call: Main call described as a peevish, whistled "whick-awee" or "pik-wee".

Utilize rising air currents to gain altitude and cover great distances by soaring during migration

Status and threats:Not globally threatened (Least Concern). Size and trends of populations very poorly known.

( A v i c e d a

B L A C KB A Z Al e u p h o t e s )

Small raptor

Often seen in groups

Soars high in the air during the migrations. But usually, it flies low with deep wing-beats interspersed with short glides on almost flat wings.

Call: Soft quavering, plaintive or whistling notes. Harsh squaks when in group.

CLIMATIC STUDIES04/

sunpath/

Cape Rachado is located in Tanjung Tuan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

As Malaysia is located near the equator, it allows for the location to receive more sunshine.

Being close to the equator, the sun path or position does not shift much throughout the year.

On the average, Malaysia receives about 6 hours of sunshine per day. However, seasonal variations may influence the amount ofsunshine received.

Sun Orientation

Knowing the sun path and orientation of the site is vital to the design of the observation deck in order to control the amount and direction of sunlight entering the space.

Sunrise & Sunset

The site receives sunlight at around 7.13 a.m. (annual average).

Most facilities are built in the area

where HIGHER/LOWER light intensity is received, as shown in the diagram below.

sunpath-januarylandscape

sunpath-februarylandscape

sunpath-marchlandscape

sunpath-aprillandscape

sunpath-maylandscape

sunpath-junelandscape

sunpath-julylandscape

sunpath-augustlandscape

sunpath-septemberlandscape

sunpath-octoberlandscape

sunpath-novemberlandscape

sunpath-decemberlandscape

wind pathclimatic studies

Direction :South East to North West

Wind Speed during Site Visit :6.7mph -8.8mph

Temperature : 25- 31 Celsius

Slight wind can be felt at the start of the trail from Southwest as a result of Southwest Monsoon

Stronger wind can be felt at the end part of the trail as well as the beach because of the land breeze from the sea.

from southwest

northeast to southwest

wind path-southwest monsoonclimatic studies

Period :April to September

Areas Affected :West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Rainfall at site will be higher than normal time during monsoon season.However, the monsoon wind at site cannot be felt as the site is surrounded by trees.

southwest monsoon

wind

wind path-northeast monsoonclimatic studies

northeast monsoon

wind

Period :October to March

Areas Affected : East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

The site is not affected by this monsoon wind as it is surrounded with trees. Rainfall normal at site

wind strengthclimatic studies

weak

strong

wind analysis- trailclimatic studies

wind analysis-beachclimatic studies

wind blowingfrom

southeast

awindy +cooling

BHOT+STUFFY

land breeze

sea breeze

The wind pattern near the beach is generated by the heat gain, heat loss, and heat storage variations between land and water.

land breeze and sea breezeclimatic studies

average rainfall-malaccaclimatic studies

average rainfall precipitation-malaccaclimatic studies

average temperature-malaccaclimatic studies

relative humidity-malaccaclimatic studies

CIRCULATION05/

circulation

VIEWS+VISTAS06/

AIM

#1 To look / observe a site which also look into the contrasting view

has more which is

positive view and the negative view.

#2 To look / observe the sites through view framing from every angle and openings, panoramic view of the best angles and

also view of the approaching site.

Positive view Neutral view Negative view

view analysisviews+vistas

site spotsviews+vistas

STRENGTH•

•••

nearest/shortest distance from standby pointgreat view for bird watching great panoramic viewgood light penetration

WEAKNESS••

forest reserve view more than sea view no proper space to view the area

site 1 -observation deck 1views+vistas

STRENGTHarea)•

•••

very thin trees (only at this sunset light penetration interesting backdropgreat bird watching view

WEAKNESS• amount of

••

view covered by the treesquite humid steep


STRENGTHsound of waves can be heard•

••

more thin view

light penetration into this area trees which does not affect the from top

• shady from the sunset sun

WEAKNESS•

•

steep terrain which has higher risk for trees to fallnarrow space


STRENGTH•

••

wide range of sea view (horizon line)view of sunrisedirect access from forest trail

WEAKNESS••

no view of sunsettide increases and covers up half of the shore in the morning

site 4 -south east beachviews+vistas

Site V & VI- south west beach -

STRENGTH••••

wide areainteresting 180’ view breezygreat sunset view

WEAKNESS•• of the hill of

• the shore

very rocky area2 tombstones on top the mini peninsular high tide covers up during the night

site 5+6-south west beachviews+vistas

ACTIVITIES07/

introduction/

activities at tanjung tuan

main activity zoningactivities

jungle traildry activities

beachwet activities

birdwatching zoningactivities

point1)LIGHTOUSE-

the highest viewingof

tanjung tuan.

1

2

3

3)VALLEY-an open sky clearing.

2)OBSERVATION DECK 1-an open sky

clearing above

the rest

benches.

birdwatching zoningactivities

4)OBSERVATION DECK 2-a view of trees ahead

and above.

5)OBSERVATION DECK 3-a view of trees and

slope.

6)ROCKY CLIFF-a higher

viewing pointtowards the

ocean.

4

5

6

migratory birds in cape rachadoactivities

Oriental Honey Buzzard

(from Japan)

Black Baza(forests of South

East Asia)

Chinese Goshawk(Southeast China)

Blur-throated Bee Eater(Brunei,

Cambodia, China)

bird migration routesactivities

SIBERIA

CAPE RACHADO

AUSTRALIA

“Birds migrate from Siberia to Australia stop by Tanjung Tuan on their way.”

- Tanjung Tuan Rangers

bird watching eventsactivities

Yearly event: RWW (Raptor Watch

Weekend) Organised by: MNS (Malaysian

Nature Society)

Months: March – early

April Turnout: 20,000

people per day

Bird enthusiasts gathering at the base of the lighthouse to catch a sight of the raptors.

1

3

2

4

meditation zonesactivities

BEFORE OBSERVATION DECK 2

OBSERVATION DECK 3

BACKDOOR BEACH

Skinny, straight trees Sense of

verticality Spiritual and overpowering

First sounds of sea waves Cooling sea breeze

Small U-shaped bay Rocks frame the sea view

Panoramic view of the sea Higher up, isolated Full

sunset view

rocky zone, main beachactivities

camping zoneactivities

Flat beach to set up tent

Shaded and dry for rest space

Dry land forcampfire

CAMP SITES

RESTSHADED AREA

types of fishactivities

Small Cuda (Barracuda)

Small Snapper

SHALLOW FISHING

DEEP BOAT FISHINGQueen Fish

history/

OLD TRAILactivities

trail timelineactivities

hotspot/

people/

peak seasons in a yearactivities

peak hours in a dayactivities

population by visitorsactivities

localsactivities

foreignersactivities

population by raceactivities

religionactivities

types of crowdsactivities

CASE STUDY:grand canyon observation deck,arizona

CONCLUSION/

POTENTIAL FEATURES

TOPOGRAPHY

ACTIVITY

VIEW

CLIMATE

CIRCULATION

TOPOGRAPHY

• Contours/ coast

•

•

Degree of slope Water level

• Soil type

•

•

•

ACTIVITY

Purpose of observation

deck Current

activities?Introduction of new concept

VIEW

•

••

Observation area

Landscape Coverage

Climate

••

•

Wind Sun

direction Shade

•

••

CIRCULATION

Areas of congestion Accessibility Private / public space

SUGGESTIONS

1/ OBSERVATION DECKS

• PUBLIC SPACE

• BUSY

CIRCULATION

• Existing

vantage

point

2/ MANGROVE SWAMP

• INTERESTING

VEGETATION

• OPTIMUM

OBSERVATION

• HIDDEN /

SECLUDED• FOCUSED

VIEWPOINT

3/ BACK BEACH

THANK YOU

cape rachado site a analysis

Education