capacitance

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Capacitance Demonstrations & notes

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Capacitance. Demonstrations & notes. Warning Capacitors can act like High Voltage batteries, but more fatal! (unless it’s a flux capacitor). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Capacitance

Capacitance

Demonstrations & notes

Page 2: Capacitance

Warning Capacitors can act like High

Voltage batteries, but more fatal! (unless it’s a flux capacitor)

Page 3: Capacitance

Capacitor uses:1. store energy for later use

(like a battery)

2. Powerful discharge of current(spot welding, flash cameras)

3. Smooth/filter out current fluctuations (motors run better, less noise in sensitive

circuits, less interference pick-up)

Page 4: Capacitance

Basic Capacitor

Extra + charge piles up on the left; other + charge is taken from the right

Page 5: Capacitance

Dielectric adds capacitance

C= eA/d

e= permitivity (polarizability)

e= 1 air or vacuum 3 paper 10 glass 100 water 1000 ceramics

Page 6: Capacitance

Types: paper

Cheap<500V

Low capacitanceSensitive to moisture

Page 7: Capacitance

Types: ceramic

CheapCan handle 10kvLow capacitance

robust

Page 8: Capacitance

Types: electrolyte

Polarized (if connect wrong,

might explode!)<500V

high capacitanceChemicals inside

Page 9: Capacitance

Make your own

Page 10: Capacitance

Capacitors

• stores energy in the E field• Capacitance is a measure of

the ability to store energy in the form of separated charges

• Capacitors take time to charge and discharge

Page 11: Capacitance

Capacitance Equations

VQC

= Q = total charge

Units: farads = C/V

dAC 0e=

e0 = permittivity constant (C2/Nm2)

A = area of plate

d = Distance between plates

Page 12: Capacitance

Energy and Capacitors Equations

VQPE =21

2)(21 VCPE =

CQPE2

2

=

Page 13: Capacitance

Capacitors in Series: same charge, share the voltage

                                                                                                                     

Page 14: Capacitance

Capacitors in Parallel                                      Same voltage, but share the charge

Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3

CPV = C1 V + C2V + C3V CP = C1 + C2 + C3

Page 15: Capacitance

References:

http://www.sentex.net/~mec1995/circ/hv/hvcap/hvcap.html

www.answers.com/topic/capacitor