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Choice of Cancer Treatment Specific characteristics of cancer
Patient’s overall condition
Goals of treatment: cure keep from spreading relieve symptoms
Options Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Hormonal therapy Targeted therapy Biological therapy Personalized Cancer Care Clinical Trials Stem Cell Transplantation
Biopsy Curative surgery Cryosurgery Debulking surgery Electrosurgery Laser surgery Prophylactic surgery Palliative surgery Restorative or reconstructive surgery Staging surgery
Radiation therapy Local treatment High-energy rays May be externally or internally delivered Not useful in disseminated disease
External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) Via linear accelerators Delivered on an outpatient basis for
approximately 6 to 8 weeks Radiation from multiple directions Delivered specifically to an organ or
encompassing the surrounding area, including lymph nodes
Brachytherapy Radioactive material placed directly into or
near the cancer Additional boost of radiation or the only
type of radiation therapy Permanent or temporary
Chemotherapy Systemic treatment Single drugs or combinations of drugs Administered through a vein, injected into
a body cavity, or delivered orally in the form of a pill
Regimen/protocol
Hormonal Therapy Reduces the amount of hormone
circulating in the body Blocks the hormone receptors on cancer
cell membrane Drugs and/or removal of organs that
secrete hormones
Targeted Therapy Drugs that target a specific pathway in the
growth and development of a tumor The targets are various molecules in the
body that are known or suspected to play a role in cancer formation
Biological Therapy Uses the body’s immune system to
facilitate the killing of cancer cells Interferon, interleukin, monoclonal
antibodies, colony stimulating factors (cytokines), and vaccines