CANADACANADA

Chapter 8Chapter 8

RegionsRegionsName the Name the Prov/terr Prov/terr included and included and describe the describe the relative relative loc.loc.

Natural Natural ResourcesResources

Economic Economic ActivitiesActivities

Population Population Density -- Density -- describe the describe the overall overall densitydensity

Atlantic Atlantic ProvincesProvinces

Border the Border the AtlanticAtlantic

Sea,fish, Sea,fish, soil, oilsoil, oil

Fishing, Fishing, forestry, forestry, farming, farming, dairy, dairy, tourism, oiltourism, oil

8% of pop.8% of pop.

Great Lakes and Great Lakes and St. LawrenceSt. Lawrence

Surround Surround great lakesgreat lakes

Canadian Canadian Shield, Shield, Hudson Bay Hudson Bay and St. and St. Lawrence Lawrence lowlandslowlands

Mineral Mineral deposits, deposits, soil, water, soil, water, forestsforests

Mining, Mining, farming, farming, forestry, forestry, very urban very urban and many and many ports for ports for shipping shipping

60% of pop 60% of pop in main in main citiescities

Prairie Prairie ProvincesProvinces

Between Between Rockies and Rockies and shieldshield

Plains, soil, Plains, soil, cattle, oil cattle, oil and nat. gasand nat. gas

Farming, Farming, grain and grain and cattle, cattle, tourismtourism

17 % of pop. 17 % of pop.

British ColumbiaBritish Columbia Western Western prov. prov. Borders Borders PacificPacific

Salmon, Salmon, fishing, fishing, mineralsminerals

Fishing, Fishing, forestry, forestry, mining and mining and tourismtourism

Vancouver - Vancouver - highest pop. highest pop. 13% of total 13% of total pop.pop.

Northern Northern TerritoriesTerritories

Smallest Smallest pop. To the pop. To the northnorth

Mineral. Oil, Mineral. Oil, nat. gasnat. gas

Seal hunting, Seal hunting, oil, miningoil, mining

Less than 1 Less than 1 % of pop.% of pop.

Fill in the Fill in the chart/answer the chart/answer the questionsquestions Questions: (put answers on back of Questions: (put answers on back of chart)chart)

Use 3 examples from Canada to explain Use 3 examples from Canada to explain the answer to each questionthe answer to each question

1. How does location affect economic 1. How does location affect economic activities?activities?

2. How do resources affect economic 2. How do resources affect economic activitiesactivities

3. What factors affect population 3. What factors affect population density?density?

CanadaCanada

CANADACANADA 10 provinces 10 provinces and 3 and 3 territoriesterritories

The 10 The 10 provinces are provinces are divided into 5 divided into 5 regionsregions

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Atlantic ProvincesAtlantic Provinces

Newfoundland, Prince Edward Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New BrunswickIsland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick

Mixed deciduous forestsMixed deciduous forests Maritime -- bordering on or Maritime -- bordering on or relating to the searelating to the sea

Off shore oilOff shore oil Smallest regionSmallest region (5% of Canada’s land)(5% of Canada’s land) Resources -- fishing, dairyResources -- fishing, dairy farming -- fruits, vegetablesfarming -- fruits, vegetables

Great Lakes and St. Great Lakes and St. LawrenceLawrence Quebec and OntarioQuebec and Ontario Canadian Shield -- around Hudson Canadian Shield -- around Hudson BayBay

Poor soil and climatePoor soil and climate St. Lawrence lowlands - rich soil, St. Lawrence lowlands - rich soil, mild climatemild climate

60% of population there60% of population there Toronto --largest city in CanadaToronto --largest city in Canada

Ottawa - nation’s capitalOttawa - nation’s capital Large cities on major seaways -- Large cities on major seaways -- uses locks and canals to connect uses locks and canals to connect lakeslakes

Prairie ProvincesPrairie Provinces

Alberta, Manitoba and SaskatchewanAlberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Agricultural region Agricultural region -- wheat, grain and cattle-- wheat, grain and cattle Tourism -- parks of Rocky Mts.Tourism -- parks of Rocky Mts. Oil in AlbertaOil in Alberta

British ColumbiaBritish Columbia

Coastal area -- rockiesCoastal area -- rockies Tourism -Inside passage -- waterway Tourism -Inside passage -- waterway between off-shore islands and coastbetween off-shore islands and coast

Vancouver -- harbor / major portVancouver -- harbor / major port -- salmon, forests and mining-- salmon, forests and mining

Northern TerritoriesNorthern Territories

Yukon, Northwest Territory, and Yukon, Northwest Territory, and NunavutNunavut

Fewer than 1 % of the pop.Fewer than 1 % of the pop. Large Native American population -- Large Native American population -- Inuit “the people”Inuit “the people”

Many minerals -- gold, silver and Many minerals -- gold, silver and copper, uranium, oil, nat. gas and copper, uranium, oil, nat. gas and diamondsdiamonds

History of Canada History of Canada (sect. 2)(sect. 2) British and French ancestry dominate CanadaBritish and French ancestry dominate Canada 40% are British 27% French40% are British 27% French Fur traders fought for control of Canada -- Fur traders fought for control of Canada --

Hudson Bay Co. - company of British fur Hudson Bay Co. - company of British fur traders that settled in Canadatraders that settled in Canada

Canada remained under British rule until Canada remained under British rule until 18671867

Canada gained complete independence in 1931Canada gained complete independence in 1931 Still today the French struggle for a voiceStill today the French struggle for a voice Quebec -- French speaking province Quebec -- French speaking province

(Quebecois)(Quebecois) Separatism -- making Quebec a separate Separatism -- making Quebec a separate

countrycountry

Canada TodayCanada Today

Chapter 8 -- section 3Chapter 8 -- section 3In 1999 Canada was ranked #1 in a human In 1999 Canada was ranked #1 in a human development reportdevelopment report

Factors used: Economic, technology,Factors used: Economic, technology,Social, Human development, andSocial, Human development, andprovisions of careprovisions of care

80% of Canada’s pop. Live in cities80% of Canada’s pop. Live in citiesUrban hierarchy -- cities that provide the Urban hierarchy -- cities that provide the most services: Toronto, Montreal and most services: Toronto, Montreal and VancouverVancouver

2nd most: Edmonton and Quebec2nd most: Edmonton and Quebec

Canada cont.Canada cont.

Canada buys 25% of U.S. exportsCanada buys 25% of U.S. exports U.S. buys 75% of Canada’s exportsU.S. buys 75% of Canada’s exports FTA -- Free Trade Agreement (1988) lowered FTA -- Free Trade Agreement (1988) lowered

tariffs and eventually eliminated them in 1999tariffs and eventually eliminated them in 1999 NAFTA -- North American Free Trade AgreementNAFTA -- North American Free Trade Agreement

– 1992 Mexico was added to the open trade1992 Mexico was added to the open tradeNATO -- North Atlantic Treaty Organization -- NATO -- North Atlantic Treaty Organization -- formed in 1949 to protect N. America from Russiaformed in 1949 to protect N. America from Russia

NORAD -- joins Canada and the U.S. in air defenseNORAD -- joins Canada and the U.S. in air defenseCommon Wealth of Nations -- former British Common Wealth of Nations -- former British colonies join together for symbolic protection colonies join together for symbolic protection from the British crownfrom the British crown

Middle country -- peace keeperMiddle country -- peace keeper

Government of CanadaGovernment of Canada

The Government of Canada is based on The Government of Canada is based on British RuleBritish Rule

David Johnston – current Gov. Gen.David Johnston – current Gov. Gen.Canadian Government

ParliamentLaw making body

HouseSenate

Executive BranchPrime Minister -- Stephen Harper

Cabinet

Judiciary BranchCourt system

British Monarch-- Queen Elizabeth IIGovernor General -- Michaelle Jean

SenateHouse of Commons