can rnai technologies be implemented by the …...the horticulture industry needs innovation milan,...
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Can RNAitechnologies be implemented by the horticultural industry in Italy?
Mirco Montefiori
The Horticulture industry needs Innovation
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
An italian consortium started 14 years ago from the
partnership of 3 Apos (cooperatives) with the aim of
developing and identifying new cultivars for their
growers
Manage together the new cultivars selected by the
program.
Total
Fruit production > 640,000 ton.
Area 27,794 ha
Breeding cycle on fruit trees
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
STAGE 1Seedlings
STAGE 2Clonal trials
STAGE 3Orchard trials
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 98
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 98 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
*
Rosanna Ungaro cites Darwin at a Fresh Retailer Conference:
“It is not the strongest that survives, not the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change.”
1980s: 2 GB, 80.000 $ (30Kg)
2010s: 2 GB, 5 $
1990s: 2 GB, 200 $
Climate change
20-30 years
Climate change
Internet of Things(IOT)
Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotics and Virtual Augment reality
5 billion connected devices will
be in use this year, and the
number will reach >50 billion
by 2020 (Cisco).
3D Printing
Precision Farming
NBT - Genome editing
Innovation in horticulture
Market DRIVEN
Apricot cultivars 2000 - 2010
Faralia, Farbaly,
Pinkcot….
Extended calendar
Before 2000
Portici, Goldrich...
After 2010
Lady Cot, Wonder Cot,
Flopria…
Appearance, bicolour
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
Innovation in horticulture PEST and DISEASE driven
Pseudomonas syringae var. actinidiae (PSA)
Pro
du
ctio
n(1
,00
0 o
f to
n.)
>2.000 ha
of G3
To date
>4,300
ha of G3
Fusarium wilt of Banana (Panama disease):
race 1 and now race 4
Gros Michel Cavendish
1900-1960: > 100,000 ha destroyed in Central America
1950
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
Can RNAi technologies be implemented by the horticultural industry in Italy/Europe?
Calgene Flavr Savr
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
RNAi technologies for pest and disease resistance
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
• Resistance Against Viruses• Potato Virus Y (PVY) resistant potato
• Plum Pox virus (PPV) resistant Prunus domestica
• … many more
• Resistance Against Fungi and Bacteria• Phytoptora infestant resistant potato
• Xanthomonas citri resistant lemon
• Resistance Against Pests• Resistance to Myzus persicae (phloem feeding)
• Resistance to whitefly (phloem feeding)
• Resistance to WCR western corn rootworm (chewing )
• Resistance to Colorado potato beetle (chewing )
Phytoptora infestant resistant potato
(www. http://www.innatepotatoes.com/gen-two)
Colorado potato beetle resistant potato
http://www.max-planck-innovation.de/share/technology/0402-4919-MG-ZE_EN.pdf
RNAi technologies for fruit quality traits?
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
RNAi technologies as breeding tool?
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
Gene-silencing spray lets us modify plants
without changing DNA (?)
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
New Challenges
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
New Pest and Disease
Drosophylasuzukii
Brown marmoratestink bug
PSA
Other traits
Horticultural
Consumer
PPV resistance in Peach and
Nectarines
Collaborations with Univ. Politec. Marche (Prof. Bruno Mezzetti) and Vitroplant
PPV threat to the peach and nectarine industry
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
SHARKA - Plum Pox Virus (PPV):
PPV-D (Dideron)
PPV-M (Marcus): main strain in peach and nectarines
Specie Volume (ton) Area (ha)
Nectarine 105,500 4,200
Peach 41,200 1,992
Plum 36,900 1,642
Apricot 19,000 2,170
Total 202,600 10,004
RNAi resistant rootstock
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
Hairpin derivedsiRNAs
21-nt and 24-nt
LOCAL AND SYSTEMIC MOVEMENT OF RNA
SILENCING
Tournier et al., 2006, Molnar et al., 2010; Zhao and Song, 2014
Back to reality
NBT in EUROPE: Regulation ….
The High Level Group of the Commission's Scientific Advice
Mechanism (SAM) has published an independent Explanatory
Note ‘New Techniques in Agricultural Biotechnology’
• Cisgenesis
• Genome Editing
• Agroinfiltration
• Epigenetic modification RNA-dependent DNA methylation
• Grafting
• Reverse Breeding
In Italy
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
In Europe
NBT in EUROPE: …. and patents
In the EU
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
In the US
Crispr vs RNAi ?
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”
“Nothing will ever be attempted, if all possible objections must be first overcome”
SAMUEL JOHNSON
Thanks for your attention
Mirco Montefiori
Milan, 18-19 Oct. 2017 iPLANTA COST Action “Benefits and Cost associated with using RNAi technologies”