can i trust the bible? ctk adult ed july 20, 2014
TRANSCRIPT
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Can I Trust the Bible?
CTK Adult Ed
July 20, 2014
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Scripture’s View of Itself
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What Is the Bible For?
• God speaking…
• Christ at the center
• Not an disinterested narrative
• Communication for communion
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Covenant Witness
• What kind of book?
• Concerned with bearing witness to God’s work of redemption!!!
• Everything flows out from there
• A book that interprets us
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A Hermeneutic of Love
• Against a “hermeneutic of suspicion”
• Reading how God calls us to read
• Self-authentication
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Warning!!!There is a difference
between
(1) trusting that the Bible is God’s Word,
and
(2) trusting in the Bible as God’s Word
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Types of Challenges
1. Ideological
2. Historical
3. Textual
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Ideological Challenges
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Culture of Scholarship
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Suspicion of Authority
• Language
• Ethics
• Creativity
• Anachronisms
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Recognizing Cultural Critiques
• Conservative– Bare biblicism– Nationalistic theologies– Moralism
• Liberal– Marxism– Post-colonialism– Feminism– Pluralism
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Personal Incentives
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Historical Challenges
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OT Formation
• No known arguments
• Apocrypha & pseudepigrapha
• Documentary hypotheses of the 19th & 20th century
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OT Reliability
• Some unambiguous facts
• Archaeological evidence– Direct evidence– Indirect evidence
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NT Formation
• Early church fathers
• Controversy (Marcion & Gnosticism)
• Canonization as recognition
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NT Reliability
• Mostly positive relationship with archaeological data
• Historical proximity
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Textual Challenges
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OT Texts
• Masoretic Text– Aleppo Codex– Leningrad Codex
• Samaritan Pentateuch
• Dead Sea Scrolls• Ancient versions
– Septuagint
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NT Textual Variants
1. Meaningless variants
2. Meaningful, but not viable
3. Meaningful and viable (<1% of variants)
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Two Notorious Changes in NT Text• Mark 16:9-20
– Earliest manuscript evidence from 5th-C– Church fathers make reference as early as 2nd-C– Seems to be summary of details from other
gospels & Acts
• John 7:53 – 8:11– Not present in ancient texts– Not apparently known in early church fathers’
commentaries– Sometimes found after John 7:44; 7:36; or 21:25 –
even after Luke 21:38
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Questions?
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Archaeological Appendix
• Ebla tablets (3rd millenium BC)
• Code of Hammurabi (c 1750 BC)
• Nuzi Tablets (c 1500 BC)
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Archaeological Appendix
• Merneptah Stele (c 1230 BC)
• Tel Dan Stele (c 9th century BC)
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Archaeological Appendix
• Baruch ben Neriah’s Bulla (seal)
• Verification of other Babylonian officials
• Belshazzar & the Nabonidus Cylinder
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Archaeological Appendix
• Pontius Pilate inscription
• Erastus inscription