can a greener internet help us moderate climate change? invited talk computational research in...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change?
Invited Talk
Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series
MIT
Boston, MA
April 15, 2009
Dr. Larry Smarr
Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology
Harry E. Gruber Professor,
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD
![Page 2: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Abstract
This year marks a turning point in the debate on global climate change. The focus of the discussion is rapidly moving from a scientific analysis of how human activity effects climate change to a political process on how best to regulate greenhouse gas emissions. The Climate Group’s Smart 2020 study reveals that the global Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry produces greenhouse gases equivalent to that produced by the aviation industry (~2-3 percent). Furthermore, the ICT sector’s emissions will nearly triple, in a business-as-usual scenario, from 2002 to 2020. On the other hand, the Climate Group estimates that transformative applications of ICT to electricity grids, logistic chains, intelligent transportation and building infrastructure, and other social systems can reduce global greenhouse gas emissions by about 15 percent— five times ICT’s own footprint! I will discuss initiatives on university campuses in the US and Australia to innovate new solutions to these challenges. I will describe in detail the NSF-funded GreenLight Project at UCSD which instruments an 8-rack modular data center, allowing end users to discover the energy cost of computational solving an application using different algorithms and/or different computing architectures.
![Page 3: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Planet is Already Committed to a Dangerous Level of Warming
Temperature Threshold Range that Initiates the Climate-Tipping
V. Ramanathan and Y. Feng, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD September 23, 2008
www.pnas.orgcgidoi10.1073pnas.0803838105
Additional Warming over 1750 Level
Earth Has Only Realized 1/3 of the
Committed Warming -Future Emissions
of Greenhouse Gases Move Peak to the Right
![Page 4: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Atmospheric Aerosols Cool Climate—Cleaning Air Pollution will Accelerate Warming!
NASA satellite image
Ramananthan & Feng www.pnas.orgcgidoi10.1073pnas.0803838105
Outside Beijing 11/9/2008
![Page 5: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Arctic Summer Ice is Rapidly Decreasing
“The Arctic Ocean will be effectively ice free sometime between
2020 and 2040, although it is possible
it could happen as early as 2013.”
--Walt Meier, Research Scientist at the
National Snow and Ice Data Centre at the
University of Colorado
http://news.cnet.com/8301-11128_3-10213891-54.html
![Page 6: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Hindu Kush/Himalayan Plateau Has the Most Snow and Ice Outside of the Polar Regions
“Water Towers of Asia”Impact
40% of the World’s Population
![Page 7: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
“It Will Be the Biggest Single Peacetime Project Humankind Will Have Ever Undertaken”
![Page 8: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The IPCC Recommends a 25-40% Reduction Below 1990 Levels by 2020
• On September 27, 2006, Governor Schwarzenegger signed California the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006– Assembly Bill 32 (AB32)
– Requires Reduction of GHG by 2020 Only to 1990 Levels– 10% Reduction from 2008 Levels; 30% from BAU 2020 Levels
– 4 Tons of CO2-equiv. Reduction for Every Person in California!
• The European Union Requires Reduction of GHG by 2020 to 20% Below 1990 Levels (12/12/2008)
• Australia has Pledged to Cut by 2020 its GHG Emissions 5% from 2000 Levels via the World's Broadest Cap &Trade Scheme (12/15/08) [~5% Below 1990 Levels]
• Neither the U.S. or Canada has an Official Target Yet– President Obama Has Endorsed the AB32 2020 Goal
![Page 9: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ICT is a Critical Element in Achieving Countries Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Targets
www.smart2020.org
GeSI member companies: • Bell Canada, • British Telecomm., • Plc, • Cisco Systems, • Deutsche Telekom AG, • Ericsson, • France Telecom, • Hewlett-Packard, • Intel, • Microsoft, • Nokia, • Nokia Siemens Networks, • Sun Microsystems, • T-Mobile, • Telefónica S.A., • Telenor, • Verizon, • Vodafone Plc. Additional support: • Dell, LG.
![Page 10: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Global ICT Carbon Footprint isRoughly the Same as the Aviation Industry Today
www.smart2020.org
But ICT Emissions are Growing at 6% Annually!
the assumptions behind the growth in emissions expected in 2020: • takes into account likely efficient technology developments that affect the power consumption of products and services• and their expected penetration in the market in 2020
Most of Growth is in Developing Countries
![Page 11: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Reduction of ICT Emissions is a Global Challenge –U.S. and Canada are Small Sources
U.S. and Canada Together Fall From 25% to 14% of Global ICT Emissions by 2020
www.smart2020.org
![Page 12: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A System Approach is Required to Reduce Internet’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• Estimates Needed for CO2 Emissions from Each Subcomponent
• Beware of Tradeoffs:– “I will clean up my campus by getting rid of clusters and computing in the
cloud” – Is This a Net Reduction?
Source: Rod Tucker, U Melbourne
![Page 13: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Global ICT Carbon Footprint by Subsector
www.smart2020.org
The Number of PCs (Desktops and Laptops) Globally is Expected to Increase
from 592 Million in 2002 to More Than Four Billion in 2020
![Page 14: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Composition of the PC Carbon Footprint
Laptop Emissions Grow 50-Fold!
www.smart2020.org
Edge Devices Dominate ICT Emissions
![Page 15: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Composition of the Data Center Carbon Footprint
www.smart2020.org
2020 Estimate Includes Savings from Virtualization, Smart Cooling, and Broad Operating Temperature Envelope
Volume Servers Dominate
![Page 16: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Composition of the Global Telecoms Footprint
www.smart2020.org
Broadband Connection Emissions Up 12-Fold!
Mobile Infrastructure Dominates
![Page 17: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ICT Industry is Already Actingto Reduce Carbon Footprint
![Page 18: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Electricity Usage by U.S. Data Centers:Emission Reductions are Underway
Source: Silicon Valley Leadership Group Report July 29, 2008https://microsite.accenture.com/svlgreport/Documents/pdf/SVLG_Report.pdf
![Page 19: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Consolidating Dispersed Faculty Clusters Over the Fiber Connected UCSD Campus Research CI
UCSD Storage
OptIPortalResearch Cluster
Digital Collections
Lifecycle Management
PetaScale Data
Analysis Facility
HPC SystemCluster Condo
UC Grid Pilot
Research Instrument
N x 10Gbe
DNA Arrays, Mass Spec.,
Microscopes, Genome
Sequencers
Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC/Calit2
UCSD Triton Components
![Page 20: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The NSF-Funded GreenLight ProjectGiving Users Greener Compute and Storage Options
• Measure and Control Energy Usage:– Sun Has Shown up to 40% Reduction in Energy– Active Management of Disks, CPUs, etc.– Measures Temperature at 5 Levels in 8 Racks– Power Utilization in Each of the 8 Racks– Chilled Water Cooling Systems
UCSD Structural Engineering Dept. Conducted Sun MD
Tests May 2007
UCSD (Calit2 & SOM) Bought Two Sun MDs
May 2008Source: Tom DeFanti, Calit2;
GreenLight PI
![Page 21: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The GreenLight Project: Instrumenting the Energy Cost of Computational Science
• Focus on 5 Communities with At-Scale Computing Needs:– Metagenomics– Ocean Observing– Microscopy – Bioinformatics– Digital Media
• Measure, Monitor, & Web Publish Real-Time Sensor Outputs– Via Service-oriented Architectures– Allow Researchers Anywhere To Study Computing Energy Cost– Enable Scientists To Explore Tactics For Maximizing Work/Watt
• Develop Middleware that Automates Optimal Choice of Compute/RAM Power Strategies for Desired Greenness
• Partnering With Minority-Serving Institutions Cyberinfrastructure Empowerment Coalition
Source: Tom DeFanti, Calit2; GreenLight PI
![Page 22: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
GreenLight’s Data is Available Remotely:Virtual Version in Calit2 StarCAVE
Source: Tom DeFanti, Greg Dawe, Jurgen Schulze, Calit2
Connected at 50 Gb/s to Quartzite
30 HD Projectors!
![Page 23: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Calit2’s GreenLight Project Receives CENIC’s 2009 Innovations in Networking Award--Experimental-Developmental Applications
www.calit2.net/newsroom/release.php?id=1485
![Page 24: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Research Needed on How to Deploy a Green CI
• Computer Architecture – Rajesh Gupta/CSE
• Software Architecture – Amin Vahdat, Ingolf Kruger/CSE
• CineGrid Exchange – Tom DeFanti/Calit2
• Visualization – Falko Kuster/Structural Engineering
• Power and Thermal Management – Tajana Rosing/CSE
• Analyzing Power Consumption Data – Jim Hollan/Cog Sci
• Direct DC Datacenters– Tom Defanti, Greg Hidley
http://greenlight.calit2.net
MRI
![Page 25: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
New Techniques for Dynamic Power and Thermal Management to Reduce Energy Requirements
Dynamic Thermal Management (DTM)
• Workload Scheduling:• Machine learning for Dynamic
Adaptation to get Best Temporal and Spatial Profiles with Closed-Loop Sensing
• Proactive Thermal Management• Reduces Thermal Hot Spots by Average
60% with No Performance Overhead
Dynamic Power Management (DPM)
•Optimal DPM for a Class of Workloads•Machine Learning to Adapt
• Select Among Specialized Policies• Use Sensors and
Performance Counters to Monitor• Multitasking/Within Task Adaptation
of Voltage and Frequency• Measured Energy Savings of
Up to 70% per Device
NSF Project Greenlight• Green Cyberinfrastructure in
Energy-Efficient Modular Facilities • Closed-Loop Power &Thermal
Management
System Energy Efficiency Lab (seelab.ucsd.edu)Prof. Tajana Šimunić Rosing, CSE, UCSD
![Page 26: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
GreenLight Project: Putting Machines To Sleep Transparently
26
Peripheral
Laptop
Low power domainLow power domain
Network interfaceNetwork interface
Secondary processorSecondary processor
Network interfaceNetwork interface
Managementsoftware
Managementsoftware
Main processor,RAM, etc
Main processor,RAM, etc
IBM X60 Power Consumption
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Sleep (S3) Somniloquy Baseline (LowPower)
Normal
Po
we
r C
on
su
mp
tio
n (
Wa
tts
)
0.74W(88 Hrs)
1.04W(63 Hrs)
16W(4.1 Hrs)
11.05W(5.9 Hrs)
Somniloquy Enables Servers
to Enter and Exit Sleep While Maintaining Their Network and Application Level
Presence
Rajesh Gupta, UCSD CSE; Calit2
![Page 27: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Improve Mass Spectrometry’s Green Efficiency By Matching Algorithms to Specialized Processors
• Inspect Implements the Very Computationally Intense MS-Alignment Algorithm for Discovery of Unanticipated Rare or Uncharacterized Post-Translational Modifications
• Solution: Hardware Acceleration with a FPGA-Based Co-Processor– Identification and Characterization of Key Kernel for
MS-Alignment Algorithm– Hardware Implementation of Kernel on Novel FPGA-based
Co-Processor (Convey Architecture)
• Results: – 300x Speedup & Increased Computational Efficiency
Large Savings in Energy Per Application Task
![Page 28: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Virtualization at Cluster Level for Consolidation and Energy Efficiency
• Fault Isolation and Software Heterogeneity, Need to Provision for Peak Leads to:– Severe Under-Utilization– Inflexible Configuration– High Energy Utilization
• Usher / DieCast enable:– Consolidation onto
Smaller Footprint of Physical Machines
– Factor of 10+ Reduction in Machine Resources and Energy Consumption
Original Service
Virtualized Service
Source: Amin Vadhat, CSE, UCSD
Usher
![Page 29: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
GreenLight Provides a Environment for Innovative “Greener” Products to be Tested
www.calit2.net/newsroom/article.php?id=1482
Quadrics Was Designed to Use
20% and 80% Less Power per Port
Than Other Products in the 10 GigE Market
![Page 30: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
UCSD is Installing Zero Carbon EmissionSolar and Fuel Cell DC Electricity Generators
San Diego’s Point Loma Wastewater Treatment Plant Produces Waste Methane
UCSD 2.8 Megawatt Fuel Cell Power Plant Uses Methane
2 Megawatts of Solar Power Cells
Being Installed
Available Late 2009
![Page 31: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Zero Carbon GreenLight Experiment:DC-Powered Modular Data Center
• Concept—Avoid DC to AC to DC Conversion Losses– Computers Use DC Power Internally– Solar and Fuel Cells Produce DC– Both Plug into the AC Power Grid– Can We Use DC Directly (With or Without the AC Grid)?
• DC Generation Can Be Intermittent – Depends on Source
– Solar, Wind, Fuel Cell, Hydro– Can Use Sensors to Shut Down or Sleep Computers– Can Use Virtualization to Halt/Shift Jobs
• Experiment Planning Just Starting– Collaboration with Sun and LBNL– NSF GreenLight Year 2 and Year 3 Funds
Source: Tom DeFanti, Calit2; GreenLight PI
Sun Box <200kWatt
![Page 32: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Toward “Zero Carbon” ICTGreen Cloud Computing and Storage
• Purchasing Green Power Locally is Expensive with Significant Transmission Line Losses– Demand for Green Power Within Cities is Growing Dramatically
– ICT Facilities Don’t Need To Be Located In Cities
• But Most Renewable Energy Sites are Very Remote and Impractical to Connect to Electrical Grid– Can be Easily Reached by an Optical Network
– Provide Independence from Electrical Utility
– Savings in Transmission Line Losses (Up To 15% Alone)
– Plus Carbon Offsets Can Pay for Moving ICT Facilities to Renewable Energy Site
• Calit2 is Discussing Partnering with Canada
– Move a GreenLight Facility to Hydro Site in British Columbia,
– Link by 10Gbps Optical Fiber to Calit2—Offer to Remote Users
Source: Bill St. Arnaud, CANARIE, Canada
![Page 33: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Coupling AARNet - CENIC/PW - CANARIE Optical Nets:An Australian-U.S.-Canada Green Cloud Testbed
Toward Zero Carbon ICT
![Page 34: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Application of ICT Can Lead to a 5-Fold GreaterDecrease in GHGs Than its Own Carbon Footprint
Major Opportunities for the United States*– Smart Electrical Grids– Smart Transportation Systems– Smart Buildings– Virtual Meetings
* Smart 2020 United States Report Addendum
www.smart2020.org
While the sector plans to significantly step up the energy efficiency of its products and services,
ICT’s largest influence will be by enabling energy efficiencies in other sectors, an opportunity
that could deliver carbon savings five times larger than the total emissions from the entire ICT sector in 2020.
--Smart 2020 Report
![Page 35: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Applying ICT – The Smart 2020 Opportunityfor Reducing GHG Emissions by 7.8 GtCO2e
Recall Total ICT 2020 Emissions are 1.43 GtCO2e
Smart Building
s
Smart Electrical
Grid
www.smart2020.org
![Page 36: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Calit2--A Systems Approach to the Future of the Internet and its Transformation of Our Society
www.calit2.net
Calit2 Has Assembled a Complex Social Network of Over 350 UC San Diego & UC Irvine Faculty
From Two Dozen DepartmentsWorking in Multidisciplinary Teams
With Staff, Students, Industry, and the Community
Integrating Technology Consumers and ProducersInto “Living Laboratories”
![Page 37: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Two Calit2 Buildings Provide Laboratories for “Living in the Future”
• “Convergence” Laboratory Facilities– Nanotech, BioMEMS, Chips, Radio, Photonics– Virtual Reality, Digital Cinema, HDTV, Gaming
• Over 1000 Researchers in Two Buildings– Linked via Dedicated Optical Networks
UC Irvinewww.calit2.net
Instrumented Smart Buildings
![Page 38: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Next Stage: Developing Greener Smart Campuses Calit2 (UCSD & UCI) Prototypes
• Coupling the Internet and the Electrical Grid– Choosing non-GHG Emitting Electricity Sources– Measuring Demand at Sub-Building Levels– Reducing Local Energy Usage via User Access Thru Web
• Transportation System – Campus Wireless GPS Low Carbon Fleet– Green Software Automobile Innovations– Driver Level Cell Phone Traffic Awareness
• Travel Substitution– Commercial Teleconferencing– Next Generation Global Telepresence
Student Video -- UCSD Living Laboratory for Real-World Solutionswww.gogreentube.com/watch.php?v=NDc4OTQ1 on UCSD
UCI Named ‘Best Overall' in Flex Your Power Awards www.today.uci.edu/news/release_detail.asp?key=1859
![Page 39: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Real-Time Monitoring of Building Energy Usage:UCSD Has 34 Buildings On-Line
http://mscada01.ucsd.edu/ion/
![Page 40: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Comparision Between UCSD Buildings:kW/sqFt Year Since 1/1/09
Calit2 and CSE are
Very Energy IntensiveBuildings
![Page 41: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Power Management in Mixed Use Buildings:The UCSD CSE Building is Energy Instrumented
• 500 Occupants, 750 Computers
• Detailed Instrumentation to Measure Macro and Micro-Scale Power Use – 39 Sensor Pods, 156 Radios, 70 Circuits– Subsystems: Air Conditioning & Lighting
Source: Rajesh Gupta, CSE, Calit2
![Page 42: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
UCSD is Experimenting with Smart Building User Interfaces
http://buildingdashboard.com/clients/ucsandiego/
![Page 43: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Making Cars Cleaner Requires Software Engineering-- Calit2 Established the Automotive Software Workshop
Source: Ingolf Krueger, Calit2
• Over 10 Million Lines of Code in Your Car!
• Sponsors: Calit2, NSF, EU, DFG
• 50:50 Participation Industry/Academia
• Next Instance Planned For 2009
• Industry Participants Include:
90 % of all Auto Innovations are Now
Software-Driven
![Page 44: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Launch of ZEVnet Fleet of Wireless Cars-- First Calit2 Testbed for Intelligent Transportation
April 18, 2002Irvine, CA
www.zevnet.org
![Page 45: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Reducing Traffic Congestion: Calit2 California Peer-to -Peer Wireless Traffic Report
• Citizen to Citizen Accident Reports• Real-Time Freeway Speeds• “Leave Now” Paging Services
San Diego(866) 500 0977
LA & OC(888) 9 CALIT2
Bay Area(888) 4 CALIT2
http://traffic.calit2.net
Source: Ganz Chockalingam, Calit2
20,000+ Users > 1000 Calls Per Day
![Page 46: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
The Commercial Market for High Resolution Teleconference Systems in Rapidly Expanding
• 320 Cisco TelePresence major cities globally
• US/Canada: 101 CTS 3000, 79 CTS 1000, 3 CTS 3200, 13 CTS 500
• APAC: 24 CTS 3000, 20 CTS 1000, 3 CTS 500
• Japan: 5 CTS 3000, 2 CTS 1000, 1 CTS 500,1 CTS3200
• Europe: 30CTS 3000, 19 CTS 1000, 1 CTS3200, 5 CTS500
• Emerging: 13 CTS 3000, 1CTS1000
• 216K TelePresence meetings scheduled to date.
• 48% Average Utilization
• 279K hours (average meeting is 1.25 hrs)
• 22K+ meetings with customers to discuss Cisco Technology over TelePresence
• 31K+ meetings avoidedtravel
• Conservative estimate of cost savings:
•~$278M to date
• Cubic meters of emissionssaved: 90 million
• Equal to >15,500+ cars off the road
Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play and Learn
Source: Cisco-Updated January 5, 2009
Uses QoS Over Shared
Internet ~ 15 mbps
![Page 47: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Using High Definition to Link the Calit2 Buildings:Living Greener
June 2, 2008
LifeSize System
![Page 48: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
HD Talk to Australia’s Monash University from Calit2:Reducing International Travel
July 31, 2008
![Page 49: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
The OptIPuter Creates an OptIPlanet Collaboratory:Enabling Data-Intensive e-Research
www.evl.uic.edu/cavern/sage
“OptIPlanet: The OptIPuter Global Collaboratory” –
Special Section of Future Generations Computer Systems, Volume 25, Issue 2,
February 2009
Calit2 (UCSD, UCI), SDSC, and UIC Leads—Larry Smarr PIUniv. Partners: NCSA, USC, SDSU, NW, TA&M, UvA, SARA, KISTI, AIST
Industry: IBM, Sun, Telcordia, Chiaro, Calient, Glimmerglass, Lucent
Over 50 OptIPortals Worldwide
![Page 50: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Room-to-Room Telepresence on a Global Scale
Covise, Phil Weber, Jurgen Schulze, Calit2CGLX, Kai-Uwe Doerr , Calit2
www.calit2.net/newsroom/release.php?id=1219
January 15, 2008No Calit2 Person Physically Flew to Australia to Bring This Up!
January 15, 2007 Melbourne, Australia
Calit2@San Diego
![Page 51: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Just in Time OptIPlanet Collaboratory:Live Session Between NASA Ames and Calit2@UCSD
Source: Falko Kuester, Calit2; Michael Sims, NASA
View from NASA AmesLunar Science Institute
Mountain View, CA
Virtual Handshake
HD compressed 6:1
From Start to This Image in
Less Than 2 Weeks!
Feb 19, 2009
NASA Interest in Supporting
Virtual Institutes
![Page 52: Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change? Invited Talk Computational Research in Boston Seminar Series MIT Boston, MA April 15, 2009 Dr](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051819/5514a14355034640138b493e/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
International Symposia on Green ICT:Greening ICT and Applying ICT to Green Infrastructures
Calit2@UCSD
Webcasts Available at:www.calit2.net/newsroom/article.php?id=1456