Information Communication and Technology

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2D

Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL)

Search Engine

Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) was the expression agreed upon at the 1983 TESOL convention in a meeting of all interested participants. This term is widely used to refer to the area of technology and second language teaching and learning despite the fact that revisions for the term are suggested regularly.

( Chapelle, 2001, p.3 ).

Definition of “CALL”

Types of “CALL” Programs1. CALL-specific software: applications designed to develop

and facilitate language learning, such as CD-ROMs, web-based interactive language learning exercises/quizzes (see CD-ROM examples for language learning)

2. Generic software: applications designed for general purposes, such as word-processors (Word), presentation software (PowerPoint, see an e-book made by students "Many Moons"), and spreadsheet (Excel), that can be used to support language learning (see examples of usingExcel for language learning & teaching) *Also see Microsoft Office Online Templates)

3. Web-based learning programs: online dictionaries, online encyclopedias, online concordancers, news/magazine sites, e-texts, web-quests, web publishing, blog, wiki, etc.

4. Computer-mediated communication (CMC) programs: synchronous - online chat; asynchronous - email, discussion forum, message board

Types of CALL Activities multiple-choice & true/false quizzes gap-filling exercise/cloze Matching re-ordering/sequencing crossword puzzles Games Simulations writing & word-processing concordancing web quests/searching web publishing online communication (synchronous and asynchronous)

Roles of the Computer in language learning and teaching

computer as tutor for language drills or skill practice

computer as a tool for writing, presenting, and researching

computer as a medium of global communication

Search Engine

A web search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are generally presented in a line of results often referred to as search engine results pages(SERPs). The information may be a mix of web pages, images, and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in databases or open directories. Unlike web directories, which are maintained only by human editors, search engines also maintain real-time information by running an algorithm on a web crawler.

A search engine operates in the following order:– Web crawling– Indexing– Searching[12]

Web search engines work by storing information about many web pages, which they retrieve from the HTML markup of the pages. These pages are retrieved by a Web crawler (sometimes also known as a spider) — an automated Web crawler which follows every link on the site. The site owner can exclude specific pages by using robots.txt.