california department of education jack o’connell, state superintendent of public instruction...

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONJack O’Connell, State Superintendent of Public Instruction

Closing the Achievement Gap in California

CSU Middle Schools Counselors Conference

Rick MillerDeputy Superintendent, CDE

JACK O’CONNELLState Superintendent of Public Instruction

2

Who Are Our Students?A Historical Perspective

California Students Enrolled in Public Schools

California is Educating 2.2 Million More Students

4,046,156

4,944,484

6,286,943

1980 1990 2007


3

Total K-12 Enrollment for 1980-81: 4,046,156

American-Indian

32,647, 1%

Asian/Pacific Islander

221,899, 5%

White2,282,828,

56%

Black399,171, 10%

Filipino64,425, 2%

Hispanic1,045,186,

26%


4


American-Indian,

38,122, 1%Filipino

109,650, 2%

Pacific Islander

26,942, 1%

Asian 387,734, 8%

Black426,356, 9%

Hispanic 1,702,363,

34%

White 2,259,317,

45%


5


White 1,849,078,

29%

Hispanic3,026,956,

47%Black 477,776, 8%

Filipino165,480, 3%

Pacific Islander

38,733, 1%Asian510,499, 8%

American-Indian

48,383, 1%

Multiple 170,038, 3%


6

361,000

474,000

679,648

1980 1990 2007

That’s an 88.3% increase in 27 years

Different Challenges, Different Needs

Special Education

8.9%

9.6%

10.8%


7

Different Challenges, Different LanguagesEnglish Language Learners

326,000

741,000

1,568,661

1980 1990 2007

That’s a 381% increase in 27 years

8.1%

15.0%

25.0%


8

Linguistic IntegrationPercent of Children Whose Parents

Are Not Fluent English Speakers

3.1%

15.7%

20.0%

26.6%

37.0%


9


Students Eligible for Free and Reduced-Priced Meals

1,757,188

3,145,526

1990 2007

That’s a 79% increase in 17 years

36%

50%


10


Per Pupil Spending Adjusted for Inflation

$6,672$6,217

$7,791

1988 1997 2007

That’s just a 16.8% increase in 19 years


11

California’s National Per Pupil Funding Comparison

$7,081$7,687

$8,582

$12,218

$8,973

+ $1,892

+ $5,137

+ $606

+ $1,501


12

Yet…

“There are significant signs of

progress in California’s schools, in

spite of the tremendous challenges

they face.”

-- Jennifer ImazekiProfessor of EconomicsSan Diego State

University2008 PACE Policy Brief


13

English Language ArtsPercentage of Students Scoring At or Above Proficient

35% 35%

40%42% 43%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007


14

Elementary School LevelAcademic Performance Index (API)

Range of API Scores for Each Decile Rank

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1999Base

2000Base

2001Base

2002Base

2003Base

2004Base

2005Base

2006Growth

= Decile 1 Decile 2 Decile 3 Decile 4 Decile 5 Decile 6 Decile 7 Decile 8 Decile 9 Decile 10


15

Closing the Achievement Gap

Yet, an achievement gap exists between our white students and students of color, as well as gaps with our English learners, poor students, and students with disabilities.

In California, the achievement gap represents a majority of students.

Closing the gap will improve the lives and futures of our students and secure the future for our state.


16

Low Income 7th Graders Read About the Level of

Non Low-Income 3rd Graders

638

677

643

Non-Poor 3rdGrader

Non-Poor 7thGrader

Poor 7thGrader

CAT/6 Reading 2006 Source: California Department of Education, 2006


17

African American and Latino 17 Year Olds Read at Same Levels as

White 13 Year Olds

0%

100%

150 200 250 300 350

White 8th Graders African American 12th Graders

Latino 12th Graders


18

Jack O'ConnellState of Education 2006

“Sadly, too many people view (California’s) diversity as a big problem. I don't. Instead, I say: Imagine! Imagine the potential of that diversity in today's - and tomorrow's - global economy. If we educate these students, well, our state would not only be able to compete more effectively, but it would be able lead our nation and the world economically. "


19

The Gap and the Global Economy

• The population of students growing the fastest is lagging the farthest behind.

• According to a study by Eric Hanushek of the Hoover Institute, the cost in lost U.S. economic output due to the nation’s achievement gap was a staggering $2.5 trillion between 1990 and 2002 — enough to pay the entire cost of K-12 education in the nation over that time.

• Researchers tell us that closing that gap over a 12-year period would add $980 billion to the annual gross domestic product.


20

Achievement Gap: A Moral and Economic Crisis

• Fewer well-paid, low skilled jobs

• Global economy demands problem solvers, innovators, higher-level thinkers, strong communication skills

• Our students today must compete against students from all over the world


21

Global CompetitionDid you know?

The 25% of the population in China with the highest IQ’s…


22

Global Competition

Is greater than the total population of North America.


23

Global Competition

In India, it’s the top 28%.


24

Multiple SkillsDid You Know?

The U.S. Department of Labor estimates that today’s learner will have 10-14 jobs…

By the age of 38.


25

It’s estimated that a week’s worth of The New York Times…

Information Economy

Contains more information than a person was likely to come across in a lifetime in the 18th century.


26

Information EconomyDid You Know?

Today there are about 540,000 words in the English language… About 5 times as

many as during Shakespeare’s time.


27

More than 3,000 books are published…

Information Economy

Daily.


28

Last year, the video site YouTube consumed as much bandwidth as the entire Internet did in 2000.

Technology Driven Did You Know?


29

1 out of every 8 couples married in the U.S. last year…

Technology Driven

met online.


30

The amount of new technical information is doubling every 2 years.

Technology Driven


31

It’s predicted to double every 72 hours by 2010.

Technology Driven


32

Predictions are that by 2013, a supercomputer will be built that exceeds the computation capability of the Human Brain…

Technology Driven


33

By 2023, a $1,000 computer will exceed the capabilities of the Human Brain…

Technology Driven


34

Today’s 1st graders will be just 23 years old and beginning their (first) career…

And while technical predictions farther out than about 15 years are hard to do…

Technology Driven


35

Predictions are that by 2049, a $1,000 computer will exceed the computational capabilities of the Human Race.

Technology Driven


36

Educating California’s Children…

We are currently preparing students for jobs that don’t yet exist…

Using technologies that haven’t been invented…

In order to solve problems we don’t even know are problems yet.


37

P-16 Council

2007, Superintendent of Public Instruction’s Statewide California P-16 Council was charged with focusing on Closing the Achievement Gap


38

Closing the Gap Has Been a Primary Goal for School Leaders

0%5%

14%

37%

86%

58%

Somewhat Disagree Somewhat Agree Strongly Agree

Gap Closers Non Gap Closers


39

P-16 Council

• The Council considered what the state can do to create the conditions necessary for closing the gap


40

California P-16 Council Report

• January 2008, Council releases CTAG report– Not intended to be

comprehensive– But important steps

to follow

• Makes 14 recommendations


41

Access

California needs better alignment of K-16 educational systems:

• Fix the disconnect between what K-12 expects of a high school graduate and what business and higher education need from a high school graduate


42

Our Workforce Has Changed

1960

Professional 20%

Skilled 20%

Unskilled 60%


43

Our Workforce Has Changed

2000

Professional 20% Skilled 65%

Unskilled 15%


44

Students and Parents are Clear: Their Goal is College

94% 96%

Students Parents

Source: U.S. DOE, NCES, Getting Ready to Pay for College: What Students and Their Parents Know About the Cost of College Tuition and What They Are Doing to Find Out, September 2003.


45

California Parents Who Expect Their Kids to Attain at Least a Four-Year Degree

80%86%

90%

Latino Parents Black Parents Asian Parents

Source: New American Media Poll, Great Expectations, Survey of Latino, Asian, and African American Parents on Education. Aug. 23, 2006. Available at: http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/.


46

Because Education Pays California: 2005 Median Income

Adults Over Age 25

$1

8,1

63

$2

7,2

17

$3

5,8

61

$5

0,3

88

$6

7,7

40

Less ThanHigh School

High School SomeCollege/

Associates

Bachelors Grad/ProfDegree

Source: http://www.cpec.ca.gov/OnLineData/MedianIncomeGraph.asp


47

Remediation Rates at CSUCSU Systemwide Remediation Rates for Regularly

Admitted First-time Freshman, Fall 2006

53%

61%65% 63%

26% 26%

Latino African American White

Math EnglishSource: Proficiency Reports of Students Entering the CSU System, downloaded

from http://www.asd.calstate.edu/performance/proficiency.shtml, November 8, 2007.

From the American Diploma Project Network


48

Access

California needs better alignment of

K-16 educational systems• Partnering with Education Roundtable

• Joining American Diploma Project- K-12

- Higher ed

- Business

- Career Tech


49

Resources now available

College and Career Planning• www.californiacolleges.edu

Taking Center Stage (resources for the middle grades)

• http://pubs.cde.ca.gov/tcsii

Closing the Achievement Gap• www.closingtheachievementgap.org


50

Focusing our Attention on Closing the Achievement Gap

• The goal of closing the achievement gap demands a kind of focused desire. It calls for a willingness to change, to be bold, and to try new ideas.

• The time has come for us to answer this call. Together we can close the achievement gap and open the door to a better future for every student, without exception.

california department of education jack o’connell, state superintendent of public instruction...

Documents