calentamiento write a sentence stating 5 things you have in your backpack and another stating one...
TRANSCRIPT
Calentamiento
• Write a sentence stating 5 things you have in your backpack and another stating one thing you need (Necesito)
• Write how you would tell someone to:– Listen– Go to the board– Take out their book
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb ser.
1. La clase de francés _________ muy interesante.
2. ¿De dónde __________ tú?
3. Aldo y Ricardo__________ extrovertidos.
4. Mi clase favorita __________ biología.
5. Ustedes __________de México.
6. Yo no __________ impaciente.
7. Nosotros __________ realistas.
8. Mis libros favoritos __________ románticos.
9. Tú __________ mexicano.
10. 10. Mi profesor de español __________ inteligente.
Theme: Nouns/Articles lesson
• Objective & Big Picture: Knowing how articles & nouns work will help the student give proper gender and use correct grammar when communicating.
• TSWBAT: Identify & properly use adjectives that match nouns in Spanish
• Language Objective: Tell the gender of a group of words and tell why it is that gender.
Nouns and Articles(Los sustantivos y los artículos)
It is often said that a noun is a person, place or thing. That is true but, in fact, a noun is anything we can put a name on.
Therefore, even words that refer to abstract concepts such as love, life, anger, and so on, are nouns. In Spanish, one of the
words for noun is nombre, which simply means name.
In Spanish, nouns are classified into two groups: masculine and feminine
Masculine nouns
To identify our masculine nouns, we will start with the indefinite masculine article un, which in English is a or an
un libro
un reloj
a book
a watch
un menú a menu
un rubí a rubyNormally, nouns ending in o, í, ú or a consonant are masculine.
Of course, there are exceptions. One is una mano.
Note: The fact that a noun is masculine, other than those that denote human beings, has nothing whatever to do with sexual attributes.
Words ending in í or ú (accented) are fairly rare in Spanish and, as mentioned, are normally masculine.
un iglú an igloo
un colibrí a hummingbird
un menú a menu
un gurú a guru
un esquí a ski
un rubí a ruby
Words ending in i or u (unaccented) are even more rare, and may be masculine or feminine.
una tribu a tribe
un/una cursi a pretentious person (male/female)
In Spanish, nouns are classified into two groups: masculine and feminine
Masculine nouns
To identify our masculine nouns, we will start with the indefinite masculine article un, which in English is a or an
un hombre
un doctor
a man
a doctor (m)
un profesor a professor (m)
un muchacho a boyIn addition, nouns that denote male persons are normally masculine.
In Spanish, nouns are classified into two groups: masculine and feminine
Feminine nouns
To identify our feminine nouns, we will start with the indefinite feminine article una, which in English is a or an
una mesa a table
una nación a nation
una ciudad a city
Normally, nouns ending in a, ad, ción, or sión are feminine.
Two exceptions are un mapa and un día.
Note: Again, the fact that a noun is feminine, other than those that denote human beings, has nothing to do with sexual attributes.
In Spanish, nouns are classified into two groups: masculine and feminine
Feminine nouns
To identify our feminine nouns, we will start with the indefinite feminine article una, which in English is a or an
una mujer
una doctora
a woman
a doctor (f)
una profesora a professor (f)
una muchacha a girl
In addition, nouns that denote female persons are normally feminine or have a feminine form that is the counterpart of the masculine.
In Spanish, nouns are classified into two groups: masculine and feminine
Nouns ending in o, í, ú, or a consonant are normally masculine
nouns ending in e
Words that end with e are suspect, that is, they may be masculine or they may be feminine
un coche a car
un bache a pothole
un bote a can
When in doubt about the gender of a noun ending in e, or any noun, ask a native speaker or your teacher, or look it up in a dictionary.
una noche a night
una llave a key
una calle a streetun frente a front una frente a forehead
un bate a bat (baseball) una peste a plague
Masculine Feminine
Remember!
Nouns ending in a, ad, ción, or sión are normally feminine
Words that end with -ma are usually masculine
un problema un aromaun tema un programa
un clima
un diagramaun sistema
un diploma
But there are a few exceptions:
una diademauna trama una estratagema
Definite and indefinite articles
Es un libro.
The indefinite article (un, una) refers to a non-specific item.
It’s a book, any old book.
The definite article (el, la) refers to a specific item.
Es el libro que usamos en la clase de español.
It’s the book we use in the Spanish class.
Definite and indefinite articles
Es una silla.
The indefinite article (un, una) refers to a non-specific item.
It’s a chair, any old chair.
The definite article (el, la) refers to a specific item.
Es la silla que usamos en la clase de español.
It’s the chair we use in the Spanish class.
Definite and indefinite articles
Hay unos libros en la sala de clase.
The plural indefinite article (unos, unas) can be translated as “some” or “a few.”
There are a few books in the classroom.
Hay unas sillas también.
There are some chairs, too.
Definite and indefinite articles
Son los libros para la clase de español.
The plural definite article (los, las), just like the singular, refers to specific things.
They’re the books for the Spanish class.
Son las sillas para los estudiantes.
They’re the chairs for the students.
Summary of definite and indefinite articles
unThe masculine indefinite articles are:
unosa, ansome, a few
un libro = a bookunos libros = some books
The masculine definite articles are:
ellos
thethe (English has no plural form for the)
el libro = the booklos libros = the books
Summary of definite and indefinite articles
unaThe feminine indefinite articles are:
unasa, ansome, a few
una silla = a chairunas sillas = some chairs
The feminine definite articles are:
lalas
thethe
la silla = the chairlas sillas = the chairs
Articles chart
Feminine Masculine
Indefinite Singular Una Un
Plural Unas Unos
Definite Singular La El
Plural Las Los
Pluralization(La pluralización)
Nouns are pluralized differently in Spanish than in English.If a noun ends in a, á, e, é, o, ó, i or u, we simply add s.
libro
Singular Plural
libros
casa casas
llave llaves
tribu tribus
mamá mamás
café cafés
dominó dominóscursi cursis
Pluralization(La pluralización)
Nouns are pluralized differently in Spanish than in English.
The rare word that ends in í or ú can be pluralized by adding either s or es.
Singular Plural
esquí esquís/esquíesrubí rubís/rubíes
menú menús/menúestabú tabús/tabúes
colibrí colibrís/colibríes
iglú iglús/iglúes
Pluralization(La pluralización)
If a noun ends in a consonant, we add es.
papel
Singular Plural
papeles
borrador borradoresorden órdenes
Nouns are pluralized differently in Spanish than in English.
pared paredesreloj relojesseñor señores
Pluralization(La pluralización)
Singular Plural
Polysyllabic words that end in s, and are stressed on any syllable except the last one, maintain the same form in the plural as in the singular. We show that they are plural by
using the plural article.
el oasis los oasisel lunes los lunes
Nouns are pluralized differently in Spanish than in English.
la tesis las tesisIf stressed on the last syllable, they are pluralized normally.
el autobús los autobuses
Pluralization(La pluralización)
Generally, adjectives are pluralized just like nouns.If an adjective ends in a vowel, we simply add s.
Singular Plural
bonito bonitosinteligente inteligentes
If an adjective ends in a consonant, we add es.
fácil fácilescomún comunes
Pluralization(La pluralización)
When a noun or an adjective ends in z, we must change the z to c before adding es.
Singular Plural
lápiz lápices
luz luces
feliz felicesaudaz audaces
nouns
adjectives
• Libro p 29 1-35 (en clase)• Pre-write p 30• MSL
FIN