cafe to pia

8/3/2019 Cafe to Pia

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Stephan Andreas

11/17/2011

Heterotopia – Real Spaces

Outline

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Outline..................................................................................................................................11. Introduction......................................................................................................................2

2. Vision...............................................................................................................................33. Mission.............................................................................................................................34. Theory..............................................................................................................................3

5 Concept.............................................................................................................................5

5.1 Context...........................................................................................................................55.2 Plan of Actions...............................................................................................................7

5.3 Management of Resources...........................................................................................10

5.3.1 Time..........................................................................................................................10

5.3.2 Space.........................................................................................................................115.3.3 Staff...........................................................................................................................11

5.3.4 Financial Commodities.............................................................................................12

8. References......................................................................................................................14



1. IntroductionThe following paper will propose a project that has grown during my internship

in Berlin/ Germany and the course Cultural Equity and the Community Arts

Imperative at New York University. During my internship in Berlin within the

geographical area called Kottbusser Tor, I facilitated a group of former heroin

consumers and assisted a second consisting of women who spent a big part of

their daily life around this area which was too often presented as dangerous and

poor.

My focus in this paper will remain in Berlin, with the former consumer and their

narratives. Their stories supplied information for my project and serve as an

inspiration and motivation to put into practice a space called heterotopia. These

so called “other spaces” will shape the theory my project will be based on.

To break down this rather abstract theory crafted by Foucault in 1966, I will

illustrate a conceptual outline on which base several different methods and

instruments can evolve. Thus I am going from the bigger to the smaller and

finally closer toward my idea of creating a space of shelter and growth for

disrespected and underprivileged minorities.

This draft is going to represent the first step toward putting my idea into

practice. For five years I have been studying in order to satisfy my desire tosupport the voices of the “unheard” and “mistreated”. I had to hold back the urge

for change in favor of an excellent education which put me in an even more

privileged position. Now my naivety is only supported by my dear fellow student’s

comments and impressions from visited organizations, institutions and projects.

All of them share a willingness to facilitate an equal use of resources for

communities of color. Some of them used the arts, others social work methods.

Even the use of barely legal tools in order to resist and unveil existing power

structures has not been left undiscovered. Yet I am eager to implement these

actions within my project and create one of these “other spaces”.

The “other spaces” – as Foucault states - have the capacity to interrupt

common discourses and thus to induce change. The theory “Of other spaces”

(Heterotoplogy) seeks to describe the value of underprivileged and disrespected



cultures for the society. Therefore the term's genesis with its different sources is

going to be explored and its function examined. The “concept” of heterotopia will

be used to describe the relation between power and space from a privileged and

underprivileged perspective. I will show that heterotopias can be seen as

resisting spaces toward social issues.

As this proposal was to its main parts written before I presented it in class, I

decided to involve comments in a way so that the process of project development

can be comprehended. Where those suggestions appeared, I will point them out

in order to visualize the process of the project. I am grateful for everybodies

creative input and appreciate their support.

2. VisionTo have (1st) a space in which underprivileged communities and their cultures

find shelter from violent power structures, (2nd) a space that identifies violent

power structures, (3rd) a space that provides possibilities to express needs and

(4th) a space where issues of equity are being shaped and addressed.

3. MissionWith an emphasis on reaching underprivileged communities and their cultures,

we will provide a safe place, as independent as possible, in which violent power structures are discovered and addressed through the arts. Such place will follow

the goal to serve as a stage for all forms of expression ranging from the visual

and performing arts to film and television with access for the widest public. In a

space that unveils its environment as an illusion of order with equal chances for

everybody, needs based counter discourses are being created and spread

through the arts.

4. TheorieShortly before his death in 1984, Michel Foucault approved the publication of a

radio report and a lecture about utopian bodies and heterotopias. He held them

in December 1966 on French radio station France-Culture and in front of the

Circle of Architectural Studies. During the almost 20 years following his



comments, the manuscript about “other spaces” remained hidden in the station's

archive. The presentation of “Of other spaces” at the international building fair in

Berlin in 1984, which had to consider the renewal and reunification of the city,

and the simultaneous publication in the magazine Architecture - Mouvement -

Continuité titled "Des Autres Espaces" brought his ideas about heterotopias

finally closer to the public (Dahaene & De Cauter, 2008, p. 13).

In fact, he had used the term heterotopia earlier. In The Order of Things he

introduces the “unsettling” term to describe works of literature which

are disturbing, probably because they secretly undermine language, becausethey make it impossible to name this and that, because they shatter or tanglecommon names, because they destroy 'syntax' in advance, and not only thesyntax with which we construct sentences but also that less apparent syntaxwhich causes words and things to hold together. (Foucault, 1994, p. XVII)

To exemplify the aforementioned, Foucault cites Jorge Luis Borge’s Chinese

Encyclopedia, which attempts to re-categorize animal species: “(a) belonging to

the Emperor, (b) embalmed, (c) tame, (d) sucking pigs, [… ] (l) et cetera” (Borge

cited in Foucault, 1994, p. XIV). This randomly mixed list in at least alphabetical

order exhibits the fragments of a large number of possible orders. Thus they not

only downgrade existing arrangements as historical and random, but they are

also an indication of how other systems might have looked (Foucault, 1994, p.XVII).

While Borge withdraws from his culturally transmitted linguistic patterns, he

invents a second system that is building up on the first one, but criticizes and

suspends its order. Thus heterotopias of literature are about the chance to say

the unspoken and unthinkable while the meaningful language is left behind. Yet,

this empty space of language runs risk of losing itself in irrelevancy (Foucault,

1994, p. XX).

His occupation with linguistic meaning directs the reader of his theory to what

heterotopias might be about, but distorts the magnificent character that

heterotopias are real places, “places that are written into the institution of society

itself” (Foucault, 1997, p. 352).

The interest Foucault projects into the “other spaces” stems from two different



strands. One strand represents the field of medicine. Here heterotopia is

described as the growths of tissue on the wrong place with at best no impact on

the human organism (Sarnat & Curatolo, 2008, p. 196). Heterotopias’ function for

the organism of society differs from the medical term. Here their function unfolds

between the relationship of society and their “other spaces” (Foucault, 1997, p.

353). This second strand was mainly shaped by Georges Bataille and his

introduction of the term Heterology. The “science of the other“ seeks to analyze

and describe the relation between heterogeneity and homogeneity (Pefanis,

1992, p. 45). For Bataille the heterogeneous represents the material which is

rejected by a society that is based on labor and production (Surya, 2002, p. 177).

Cohen underlines the fact that mass production and the centralization of markets

culminates in the homogenization of social forms (1985, p. 44). The confrontation

of homo- and heterogeneous is yet not meant as dualism. For Bataille it is more

a relation between appropriation and “excretion” whereby the heterogeneous

represents society’s “excrements.” It is these “excrements” that are important for

a society to persist (Surya, 2002, p. 177).

Bataille’s work and his funded Colége de Sociologie had a big influence on

Foucault and his development of a heterotopology which is a side branch of

heterology. In his radio lecture, Foucault describes the purpose of heterotopologyas to identify the places that have been created by a society in order to control

and discipline the abnormal. Some of these places are only devoted to the desire

and beauty of life while others are prescribed to their resistance. The purpose of

heterotopology is thus to describe and analyze these “other places,” to make

them available to the human body, to make them tangible (Foucault, 1997, p.

353).

My interest in the “other spaces” stems from its focus on real places, counter

sites that represent the space from within which they emerge, but whose

structure they oppose. Foucault called these spaces heterotopia. In my project I

will use the theory to create a tangible space that resists its environment.

5 Concept

To address my plan of actions as well as resources adequately, I will briefly



describe in which context my project is going to be located. This will serve as a

base on which I will draw my following explanations.

5.1 Context

The geographical area I plan to locate my project in is called Kottbusser Tor.Within its surrounding I am going to open up a café that is going to be led by

former heroin consumers. Why did I choose this area?

During my project at my former University (Alice Salomon University of Applied

Science) I volunteered in working in a project that situated itself at Kottbusser

Tor. Kottbusser Tor is widely known as the place where most of the trade with

illegalized drugs, dominantly imported from eastern regions, are traded, sold and

consumed. Its population consists of approximately 72.6 percent of people with

Turkish descent and about 27.4 percent Germans. Common statistics ignore

North African refugees and people with African descent whose main residence is

often illegalized and thus not “officially” listed (Senate Department for Urban

Development, 2010).

This image shows the course of the Berlin Wall (red line on the right) and the

three major places or as the Senate describes it: “a central communication hub

for drug and alcohol addicts and the homeless”. The numbers from one to three



show the displacement of the scene from the time after the wall came down. Has

the Mariannenplatz (#1) been the center of activities during the early 1990ies,

lead senate’s concerns about a spread of the scene to massive police presence,

incarcerations as well as to attempts to close the Künstlerhaus Bethanien, a

former hospital which was squatted during the 1970ies and transformed into

artist’s residences.

The displaced people moved further south toward Kottbusser Tor (#2) where

they could take a hold until these days. However, the designation of this area, as

region with a special need for proper management, indicates that Berlin’s senate

is going to take action again. The renewal of the subway station, where homeless

and drug consumers found shelter, was accompanied by heavy equipment with

surveillance cameras. At the same time Berlin’s subway company BVG trippled

their security staff responsible for the station (Kammerer, 2009).

Thus it is expected that another shift from Kottbusser Tor toward Hermannplatz

(#3) is going to happen. The Kottbusser Damm in between #2 and #3 has

already become the main spot for the sale of heroin and cocaine. Since this is a

dominantly residential area, protests from families and shop owners occur

frequently.

The political threat could also be seen within the closure of the few placessupplying support. A facility called “Druckraum”, located in north of Kottbusser Tor

was closed due to concerns of attracting substance consumer into the

neighborhood. The facility provided a space where heroin and cocaine could be

legally consumed under medical observation. Additionally social worker provided

information about consume related diseases, an exchange for used syringes, as

well as counseling offers.

A similar service offered Fixpunkt e.V., a mobile organization which came three

times a week to Kottbusser Tor supplying syringes, condoms and a low threshold

counseling offer. Protests from local people lead to verbally aggressive conflicts

between organizers, politicians and residents (Streichhahn, 2009).

Further pressure is wielded through a fast process of gentrification. Kreuzberg,

once an outskirt of West Berlin bordering the wall and providing cheap housing



possibilities for Turkish worker, has become the cultural center. The availability of

space and cheap housing after the fall of the wall attracted real estate investors,

students and artists alike. Thus possibilities for homeless and drug consumers to

find shelter declined (Litschko, 2011).

Ercan Yasaroglu, social worker and professor of our project reached out to

former heroin consumer and arranged a meeting. Has the goal of the first

meeting been to identify interest in collaborating, were further gatherings directed

to identify their needs. Here fore we worked with a method called MeCom

(Methodo Comunitario) seeking to identify needs on a political, social and

individual level (Kniffki, Calero, Castillo, 2010).

On a political level, users state that they long to have more contact with official

authorities, more financial support and better perspectives for Turkish

adolescents. Social needs were expressed as strengthening the bonds between

former users, easy accessible prevention programs and a space for shelter.

Individual needs were diverse. They can be summarized as protection of

violence through the scene itself and the harassment from police as well as

possibilities to learn German (Clermont, 2010)

Taking all of these needs for grant I will focus on the social needs. Therefore it

is my task in collaboration with former users to create a space of shelter wherenetworks can be strengthened. Through the arts topics of prevention and

violence will be addressed and discussed. Such place would have the shape of a

café with a stage to perform and facilities to gather and create as a group.

5.2 Plan of Actions

As it is my plan to create such space in the shape of a community café where

former user find not only a place to mingle but also to work, finding a space will

become the main issue. The first step however can’t be to find a space and movein. I think the first step is to spread the idea within the circle of ex-users.

Therefore I plan to meet with them and. In this meeting it has to be made sure

that the needs are still the same and if there is any interest in creating such

space. Therefore I will have to present my idea and reshape it in collaboration

with ex-users. The first steps will therefore focus on relationship and community



building. Further actions will have to explore which kind of artistic expressions

exist within the community. Here fore I plan to create a poetry club in which

reflections on former experiences can be discussed and creative writings

produced. Additional explorations within Kreuzberg’s youth will have to find

people who are interested in performances of any king.

The early focus on building artistic content is intended. It will on the one side

serve to express opinions about the project and on the other hand create a

substance on which we will relay once the café has opened. We will have to have

poems for a poetry night and we will have to have people willing to take the

microphone during an open mic session. A stage wants to have actors who

perform on stage and the walls want to be covered by paintings or pictures.

Since all of these activities need to be related with the purpose of the café, I feel

an urge to prioritize content production while shaping the basics for the café.

Thus my first two parallel steps are relationship building and community

building through the arts as well as research within the arts about who addresses

the issues mentioned in the vision statement. The space necessary to gather will

be provided by the Institute for Transnational and Transcultural Social Work

(ITTS). These facilities are well known to the ex-user, supposed to be available

for student projects and located directly at Kottbusser Tor. However thesefacilities are not meant to become the café than rather a drop in center and place

to start and plan from.

Once the process has started and the idea develops it will be necessary to start

the quest for an adequate space which will allow performing, producing,

discussing and supplying audience as well as active participants with the service

of a café. In case sufficient funds are available we might consider engaging a

real estate manager since space around Kottbusser Tor is rare and hard to get. If

we don’t have enough financial resources we will grasp opportunities ourselves.

The space in which the café will grow is an essential element in developing the

project since it is one of the main needs expressed by the ex-users. Therefore it

has to be located around Kottbusser Tor in order to meet the second need of

accessible prevention programs. It needs to be additionally located within this



area in order to do successfully network as well inbound with former users as

well as outbound with the neighboring communities.

Once the space has been found, the inner design has to be planned and

constructed. Major features are a coffee bar, a stage and a production space. A

production space became a necessity since the community outreach demands a

high degree of public participation, yet a space where ideas can be shared and

put into practice.

The stage itself will serve as a megaphone of participant’s voices. Here plays,

open mic sessions, lectures, readings etc., partially but not only produced within

the production space, will be performed in order to express social issues and

needs. Besides these functions focusing on achieving the mission goal, the

performance program is just as well directed toward attracting a broad audience.

Serving this audience with coffee, cake as well as other beverages and snacks

will be the task for the coffee bar. As the financial engine it is planned that stage

and bar build a symbioses. The stage will attract people, people will enjoy a

cultural event that, once successful, will have an impact on the community itself

while having a coffee. The income from the bar will be used to pay employees,

develop funds for further community productions and to support related artistic

projects outside the coffee bar.Thus the coffee bar is going to be an entity that is selling a good. Yet, the

project is not going to be a “registered club” which it was intended to be.

Registered clubs demand a membership and three board members who direct

actions within the club. Their work is unpaid and voluntarily. Such club is required

to have a purpose for the public that is not related to profit and prohibits the

exchange of goods for money. If we would give out coffee and cake on donation

base, we were able to become registered as a club. Yet my fear is that donations

are not going to be enough to cover costs and sponsoring of projects alike. Such

entity would come closest to a non-profit organization which I would prefer

The so called gGmbH (gemeinnützige Gemeinschaft mit beschraenkter

Haftung) is a form of an institution that allows such income if the focus is on the

public service it provides. A good translation would describe it as company with



limited liability operating as a public utility. The name of the gGmbH form

emphasizes the fact that the owners (also known as members) of the entity are

not personally liable for the company's debts.

The gGmbH must have a minimum founding capital of $33.590 (€25,000)

provided by the members (stakeholders). Such “company” is run only by the

managing directors who have unrestricted authority for the company. The

members acting collectively may restrict the powers of the managing directors by

giving them binding orders. Business activities have to be done with prior

consent from the members. This system is structured on the thought of checks

and balances. The third more checking than balancing entity is the German

government. Through constant reports and inspections they want to make sure

that the “company” business follows the German law. This mechanism has been

introduced in order to reduce costs for the state, which has to take over the costs

in case of bankruptcy. Thus the checking is focused on the accuracy of financial

transactions. An advantage of such public utility is that it will receive tax

privileges (Bundesministerium der Justiz, 2011).

At this point of my project proposal I have to admit that I have to compromise

few of my somewhat idealistic demands on my project. The institution was

intended to be as independent as possible. I introduced this conception in order to not be dependent on outer power structures which would direct and influence

my project with their interests. Now, while building an official institution I see

myself entangled in the contradiction between demand and reality. To fulfill the

needs for my project derived from the mission statement with a coffee bar, I will

have to participate in an economic system that, in order to functional for the

whole project, is going to be checked by German fiscal authorities. This can

certainly not be considered as being independent from power structures, but, to

achieve the higher goal of community building through the arts and creating

artistic forms of prevention I have to compromise one for the other.

To keep the hierarchical structure within my project horizontal every employee

is going to become a managing director, responsible for all business activities. In

that way everybody can engage into the process of decision making and all



actions are going to be transparent. It is furthermore guaranteed that each

employee/ ex-user willing to work can identify with the project. My original

position which was intended to be the facilitator of the project will be expanded

toward being a founding member. Thus I need to supply €25.000.

A very good idea to overcome the institutional dilemma between registered club

and company with limited liability was mentioned during my presentation. A

solution could indeed be to have both institutions separated within one space.

The stage, as it seeks to satisfy a public need without selling any goods, could

thus easily become a “registered stage club”. The coffee bar on the other side

could remain as a gGmbH still pursuing a public service, but now able to donate

to the club. Those donations can then be used again to be rewarded with further

tax deductions.

5.3 Management of Resources

To open up the café I will have to have a plan about the resources needed.

Time and space, as the basic goods we will have to plan with, will supply a basic

structure and need to be considered appropriately. The staff which will become

the creative force and the central element of the café is going to be composed in

order to fulfill the aforementioned needs. To become an employee it will be

necessary to have a membership. Finally the possibilities to raise monetary

funds will be explored. One of the main eligibility criteria will be to remain

independent from the funder.

5.3.1 TimeMost of the time needed in the beginning stages will be spent while making

relation, advocate the idea and find a common base with ex-users. Once a trust

worthy circle of participants has been established that is as well motivated and

engaged in the work that has to be accomplished, the process of decision

making will take time as well. Taking these considerations for granted, I will plan

with one year until the café is ready to open up in public. The first six month are

going to be reserved for intensive networking with former users, artists and

interested people from the community. Research about artistic resources with a



related interest have to be discovered as well so that the second time stage with

an equal amount of time can be entered. Even though I don’t plan to become an

institution from the beginning on, I will have to be aware of this upcoming task

because in order to get institutionalized I am required to supply members willing

to fund my projects. Thus I have to keep my eyes open for financial resources

from the beginning on.

The space has to be found at least after six month so that we can start to

design the interior, set up the necessities for the bar and prepare the essentials

for the production space. At the same time I will have to start the process of

institutionalization. Finally the program for the first month has to be curated and

introduced into the cities advertising system.

5.3.2 Space

As the theory of Hetherotopia and the still small community of ex-user reward

space with a special focus, I tried to extrapolate the facilities which I plan to

implement into the project. Since neither the space is confirmed nor the

community agreed to the cafe it is yet basic and incomplete. A relative proximity

from production space and stage can be of advantage for preparations of shows

and can serve at the same time as backstage area with access to the stage.



Having the coffee bar behind the audience will enable a permanent supply with

coffee and cake without interrupting a show.

The relative small size and associated density has to be replied with a warm

athmosphere engaging audience and visitors to socialize. Restrooms are going

to be mixed gender. As more and more social establishments in Berlin tend to

switch from a violent gender devision to an indistinguishable solution, it will also

attract people from the queer community. The project is further not going to be

limited to the walls within the café. The outside will have a bushy garden, with

tables and the façade is going to be embellished with street art as it is a typical

form of expression within Kreuzberg’s neighborhood. As the café claims to

become an “other place” it will only be supportive to attract all kind of people.

This conflicts with the need for a place where it is allowed to smoke. Since I

recognized a longing for nicotine during my project (in which’s facilities smoking

was prohibited) it is planned that smoking will be permitted within the café unless

ex-user decide against it. It is their place and therefore their decision.

An interesting idea expressed a fellow student who proposed to move

productions out of the space and into the streets and related places. Especially in

the beginning when there will be no space available performances can be held

on temporary spaces. In that way the process of community building through thearts can be differentiated from the need for a self-governed place.

5.3.3 Staff As mentioned before I will let ex-user become the staff of my café. To become

part of the staff one will have to be registered as managing director in order to

keep a hierarchical structure within all participants. Additional labor will be

needed to provide the skills necessary to run a café. Can not expect that anyone

of us knows how to run a coffe bar, how to account and how to curate a andadvertise the program. Thus I will have to include professionals within each field

of work who will serve as facilitators in order to acqusit essential skills for the

café’s well-being.

The professional I am thinking about working with on the bar is Carsten Klepel.



A friend and longtime experienced bar tender and coffee servant who is always

willing to assist and start up new projects. His expertise includes purchase of bar

supplies of any kind, management of bar space, customer relations and hygienic

principles. Having started his own bar, he furthermore knows how to balance

prices in order to get and keep guests while securing a fixed income.

Responsible for the PR campaign design will be Nadja Gowinkowski. A web

designer herself she knows how to create flyer, poster and webpages. Never the

less she is in close contact with marketing agencies. Even beyond the kick off

period of the café, this close contact will be beneficial in knitting ties within the

network of advertisement and publicity.

Daniel Kleinert will provide the skills we will need to plan the interior design. An

architect himself he is comfortable with the tools to plan and create the inside of

the café. These are: use of AutoCAD, InDesign and cost calculations as well as a

strong focus on sustainability of used materials.

With a focus on absurdity, Jens Lassak will be the ideal person to curate the

program. His philosophy, which is the longing to create challenging aesthetics

with a notion of impossibility, will fit best into our mission. As descendant of

theatre pedagogy his principles are based on non-directive group work with a

focus on process, task and performance.Finally my dear sister Nicole is going to introduce us into the world of

accounting. Having been an accountant for over seventeen years within a GmbH,

she is experienced in tax returns, paper work and institutional principles we will

have to follow. She is willing to become engaged into the project and supply

necessary seminars to staff members in order to pass over her duties as soon as

possible.

These people are not meant to be part of the staff, but I think they are

necessary during the first period to keep up with the challenges we will be facing.

With gratitude for their voluntariness all of them agreed into collaborating with us.

As pointed out during my presentation of the project in class, conflict may arise

when volunteers aren’t included as participants especially when they are not

going to be rewarded for their work. Since none of them is to my knowledge a



former user I yet have to find a way to involve them. One way could be to let

them have lifetime free access to all shows and honorably mentioned on the

website. Another idea is to let them participate as interns with a special focus on

facilitating underprivileged communities. Finally they will have the exclusive

possibility to become a member of the “stage club” which will enable them to

participate in assemblies.

5.3.4 Financial CommoditiesNow that the project with its program has been sketched in its outline, it is

conceivable what costs I will be facing. The biggest monetary amount is needed

to build the institution itself. $33.590 is going to be partially obtained by the

German social entrepreneur funds. This funds sponsored by the Germangovernment supplies up to $13.500. The purpose of this fund is to assist social

institutions which are supplying a social service which the government is not

supporting sufficiently. The program is designed to make a shift towards

privatization within the social sector, one of the nation’s biggest social expenses

(source).

Another source will be a “scholarship” from the German Academic Exchange

Service which awards each year several different projects with an innovative

interdisciplinary idea. The “scholarship” will cover up to $6.728 if certain criteria

like sustainability, cost-benefit ratio and innovativeness are given. The program is

designed to support students from lower income classes who are about to

graduate and are willing to put idea for a company into practice (source).

Another reliable source is the German Job Center. If I can present a complete

and liable project concept which will employ more than three long-term

unemployed, I will be able to receive support in institution building through

counseling. Additional funds up to $14.800 can be provided if the founder willprevent himself from becoming being unemployed. The idea behind this form of

solidarity is that the government is going to safe funds on the long-term. The

average payment per month for an unemployed person with health insurance,

social security and administrative supervision is about $2.015. After seven month



it makes more sense to support them to found a business. Since this option

might lead to further jobs, the German government emphasizes this form of

social support (source).

These monetary resources will most likely cover the expenses necessary to

build a registered institution. It doesn’t cover any payments for staff, means of

production and build up for the bar. Once the space has been found and its

interior designed I will have to have a clear list of all expected costs. This list will

enable a source called crowd funding. Crowd funding received new popularity in

recent years when financiers discovered the potential of social institutions within

the virtual world. It engages and secures donations from the online group of

potentially interested supporters at very low cost. Therefore a list of costs and

intended purpose combined with a detailed conception is necessary (source).

As further source of donations I imagine shop owners who are usually

complaining about user’s presence. A preventive project engaging the arts is an

argument that “something has to be done” and with their support it can be done

with higher success. The same option opens up when families in the

neighborhood are going to be addressed. A good idea is to launch a start-up

event which will invite potential donators, including community organizations and

neighborhood representatives. Since the project is a good idea within a broadinterest from almost all parties I am convinced that further funds can be gathered.

Here, public relations and an involvement in the existing structure will be

beneficial from the beginning on. Once solid permanent staff has been

established it has to be considered to place somebody within the field of fund

research. Up until then it will be my honesty.

8. ReferencesBundesministerium der Justiz (2011). http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/gmbhg/

[11/30/2011].

Cohen, Anthony (1985). The Symbolic Construction of Community. New York,

NY: Tavistock Publications.

http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/gmbhg/

http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/gmbhg/



Clermont, Fiete (2010). Bericht der sozialräumlichen Projektarbeit am Kottbusser

Tor. Project Report. Berlin/ Germany.

Dehaene, M. & De Cauter, L. (2008). Heterotopia and the City. Public space in a

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