ca4_module1_broadhist

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Broadcast Communication

Module 1

History of Broadcasting


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Module Objectives

Upon completion of this module, you should

be able to:

Arrange the order of events in the history of

broadcasting

Identify the main inventors of the technologies

that contributed to the development of todays

modern broadcasting system Realize the important role of broadcast

communication in history.


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If you would understand anything,

observe its beginning and its

development.Aristotle


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To look at the history of Broadcasting, or anyindustry for that matter, is to study the

beginnings of both the technology and itsimpact to peoples lives and eventually tosociety.

As Communication scholars, we should bemore concerned about how communication ispossible using a particular medium and howwhat is being communicated impacts society.

We will look at the history in this context: thedevelopment of broadcasting technology andits impact to society.


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According to Prof. Irving Fang (The Six

Information Revolutions):

for an information revolution to succeed, media

that will provide new means for communication

must be disseminated within societies already

undergoing change. Communication technologiesby themselves are not enough. The media both

aid and are aided by whatever has shaken the

existing order

Bold words are conditions for an informationrevolution


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Take the case of the RADIO, it had to go

through many thinkers and inventors before

people enjoyed the radio we enjoy (or

perhaps take for granted?) today.

It all started with a theory:

Theory of

invisible waves

In 1855, James Clerk Maxwell

published his Theory of Invisible

Waves which became the basis for

the invention of radio.


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Signals in the Air

Guglielmo Marconi

1901 founded theMarconi Wireless

Telegraph Company ofAmerica which laterbecame RadioCorporation of America

(RCA)

He sent his first wirelessradio broadcast in 1902.

But Marconis messages were

still not voice messages, theywere like morse-code tappings

sent over the air.


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Television Technology: Beginnings

Literally means seeing at a

distance

First appeared on the journal,

Scientific American in June

1907

Other names considered for

TV: Visual wireless, visual

radio, electric vision


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1884

Paul Gottlieb Nipkow

Nipkow Disk

1st major technological

discovery to suggest

that pictures could travel


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1923

Vladimir Zworykin

Developed an all-electronicsystem to transform a visual

image into an electrical signal

that could travel through air.


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1930Philo Farnsworth

Improved Nipkows

Mechanical scanning device:

Cathode ray, reproduces

electronic images more clearly.


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Note that these are the only developments inthe technology and we havent tackled their

effects on society yet.

Over the years, inventors and brave menwould step out and come up with something

brilliant that either 1) improved the existingtechnology or 2) used the technology in adifferent way and affected society.

Go tohttp://www.greatachievements.org/?id=3659for a comprehensive timeline on the inventionof radio and television.
http://www.greatachievements.org/?id=3659http://www.greatachievements.org/?id=3659


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More than the development of the

technology, as Communication Arts scholars,

we should focus more on how this mediumhas been used and how it affected lives, this is

what well pay attention to in the next slides.


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Radio Broadcasting

In Christmas of 1906,Reginald Fessendensvoice was the 1st

listeners heard as he didthe his publictransmission of humanvoice

Also the first radiobroadcast ofentertainment and music


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Radio Broadcasting

In 1916, Frank Conrad

started broadcasting

songs and his voice via

8XK

On November 2, 1920,

he started the 1st

commercial radiostation.


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Growth of Radio

1923

Audience of 2M

500 stations

500k sets

1925

2million sets

1926

One house

in six had a

radio


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Early Radio

Technology brought theradio into the parlor

Gave multitudes of people anew, inexpensive source of

information & entertainment

Commercialization of radiogave advertisers access tothis audience at home

Radio programming: comedy,music, serials, drama & news.


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April 30, 1939

NBCs Commercial TV debut

1939 Worlds Fair, NY

Pres. Franklin Roosevelt

1st president to appear on TV


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Early Television Programming

Like radio with

pictures: variety

shows, sitcoms,drama, Westerns,

detective stories,

soap operas and quizshows


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Rise of Television News

November 22, 1963

Assassination of JFK

More than 9 out 10 American

watched the coverage

1968

Anti-War Demonstrations and Vietnam War


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Radio in the TV Era

1936

Edwin Armstrong

introduces FM

(frequency modulation)

radio

1935

Martin Block

1st DJ

Licensed recordings

launch disc jockeys

Gordon McLendon

Introduced format

radio

-Standardized

-programs


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Portable Radios

1928

William Lear

Car Radio

drive-time audiences

6-9 am; 4-7pm

Gerald Bartell 1957


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Radios New Role

Once the leisure-timereward

Now accompaniesalmost every type of

activity

Radio as companion

Radio survived because it

adapted to fill a differentneed for its audience


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The previous notes gave you a quick run down

of the history of Broadcasting.

Some points to remember:

A society has to be ready for change, technology

cant make it all happen.

Broadcast technologies underwent a lot of

revisions before it truly made an impact in society.

Older technologies adapt to newer technologiesas they come.


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Quick Test: Arrange the following

events chronologically.

Establishment of the drive time audience in

radio.

Guglielmo Marconi sends the first wireless

message.

Families watched the Vietnam war from their

living rooms.

The word television appears on the journal

Scientific American.


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Ponder on it.

Has radio really lost its popularity because of

television? Do you see radio broadcasting

totally discontinuing?

What is the importance of Frank Conrads 1st

radio broadcast from his home?

What are the functions of radio in society?

What are the functions of TV in society?


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See you in class.

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