c8 u2 project present perfect. for and since

THE PRESENT PERFECT:FOR and SINCE.

THE PRESENT PERFECT: FOR and SINCE.


The present perfect has two important elements:



The Auxiliary Verb “To Have”



The Auxiliary Verb “To Have” The main verb in PAST PARTICIPLE



In a Present Perfect sentence, “TO HAVE” doesn’t mean “TENER” but “HABER, for example:

(En una oración en Present Perfect, “TO HAVE” no significa “TENER” sino “HABER”, por ejemplo:)

The VERB “TO HAVE” in Present

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVEHAVEHASHASHAS

HAVEHAVEHAVE

YO TENGOTU TIENESEL TIENE

ELLA TIENETIENE

NOSOTROS TENEMOSUSTEDES TIENEN

ELLOS TIENEN



In a Present Perfect sentence, “TO HAVE” doesn’t mean “TENER” but “HABER, for example:

(En una oración en Present Perfect, “TO HAVE” no significa “TENER” sino “HABER”, por ejemplo:)

The VERB “TO HAVE” in Present

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVEHAVEHASHASHAS

HAVEHAVEHAVE

YO TENGOTU TIENESEL TIENE

ELLA TIENETIENE

NOSOTROS TENEMOSUSTEDES TIENEN

ELLOS TIENEN

The AUXILIARY VERB “TO HAVE” in Present

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVEHAVEHASHASHAS

HAVEHAVEHAVE

YO HETU HASEL HA

ELLA HAHA

NOSOTROS HEMOSUSTEDES HAN

ELLOS HAN


The verb in “Past Participle”

The Past Participle of a verb and its equivalence in Spanish:(El Pasado Participio de un verbo y su equivalencia en Español)




Irregular Verb in Base Form

BE (ser/estar)

EAT (comer)

GO (ir)

HAVE (tener)

HEAR (oír)

SEE (ver)

SPEAK (hablar)

TAKE (tomar)

WRITE (escribir)




Irregular Verb in Base Form

BE (ser/estar)

EAT (comer)

GO (ir)

HAVE (tener)

HEAR (oír)

SEE (ver)

SPEAK (hablar)

TAKE (tomar)

WRITE (escribir)

Irregular Verbs in PAST PARTICIPLE

BEEN (sido/estado)

EATEN (comido)

GONE (ido)

HAD (tenido)

HEARD (oído)

SEEN (visto)

SPOKEN (hablado)

TAKEN (tomado)

WRITTEN (escrito)




Regular Verb in Base Form

LOVE (amar)

ANSWER (responder)

BOOK (reservar)

CARRY (llevar)

CRY (llorar)

STUDY (estudiar)

DREAM (soñar)

END (finalizar)

FOLLOW (seguir)




Regular Verb in Base Form

LOVE (amar)

ANSWER (responder)

BOOK (reservar)

CARRY (llevar)

CRY (llorar)

STUDY (estudiar)

DREAM (soñar)

END (finalizar)

FOLLOW (seguir)

Regular Verbs in PAST PARTICIPLE

LOVED (amado)

ANSWERED (respondido)

BOOKED (reservado)

CARRIED (llevado)

CRIED (llorado)

STUDIED (estudiado)

DREAMED (soñado)

ENDED (finalizado)

FOLLOWED (seguido)


Contractions

Affirmative and Negative Contractions of the AUXILIARY VERB “TO HAVE” in Present

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVEHAVEHASHASHAS

HAVEHAVEHAVE

I’veYOU’ve

HE’sSHE’sIT’s

WE’veYOU’veTHEY’ve

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVE NOTHAVE NOTHAS NOTHAS NOTHAS NOTHAVE NOTHAVE NOTHAVE NOT

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVEN’THAVEN’T

HASN’THASN’THASN’T

HAVEN’THAVEN’THAVEN’T


Contractions

Affirmative and Negative Contractions of the AUXILIARY VERB “TO HAVE” in Present

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVEHAVEHASHASHAS

HAVEHAVEHAVE

I’veYOU’ve

HE’sSHE’sIT’s

WE’veYOU’veTHEY’ve

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVE NOTHAVE NOTHAS NOTHAS NOTHAS NOTHAVE NOTHAVE NOTHAVE NOT

IYOUHE

SHEIT

WEYOUTHEY

HAVEN’THAVEN’T

HASN’THASN’THASN’T

HAVEN’THAVEN’THAVEN’T

Do not confuse with He’s He is

She’s She isIt’s It is

He’s [he is] a teacher.

He’s [he has] been a teacher for 6 years.


Let’s see one example…


Let’s combine the auxiliary verb “TO HAVE” with the verb in “PAST PARTICIPLE”.





HAS/HAVE WORKED





HAS/HAVE WORKED

Linda, Rose and Sandy have worked in the company for 10 years

(Linda, Rose y Sandy han trabajado en la empresa por 10 años)





HAS/HAVE WORKED

Use “HAVE” because Linda, Rose and Sandy can be replaced by “THEY” and the conjugation of the

auxiliary verb for “THEY” is “HAVE”(Se usa “HAVE” porque Linda, Rose y Sandy pueden ser reemplazadas por “ELLAS”

y la conjugación del verbo auxiliar para “ELLAS” es “HAVE”)




Let’s see one more example…





HAS/HAVE LIVED





HAS/HAVE LIVED

Camila has lived in New York City since 2006(Camila ha vivido en la ciudad de Nueva York desde el 2006)





HAS/HAVE LIVED

Use “HAS” because Camila can be replaced by “SHE” and the conjugation of the auxiliary verb for “SHE” is

“HAS”(Se usa “HAS” porque Camila puede ser reemplazada por “SHE” y la conjugación

del verbo auxiliar para “SHE” es “HAS”)



Use FOR to describe an action that has been happening for a period of time(use FOR para describir una acción que ha estado ocurriendo por un periodo de tiempo)



Example





…for…





…for…

5 days





…for…

5 days2 years





…for…

5 days2 years

3 months





…for…

5 days2 years

3 months6 hours





…for…

5 days2 years

3 months6 hours

A long time





…for…

5 days2 years

3 months6 hours

A long timeA while


Use SINCE to describe an action that has been happening since a specific moment in the past.

(use SINCE para describir una acción que ha estado ocurriendo desde un específico momento en el pasado)


Example







…since…





…since…

Last summer





Last summerYesterday

…since…





Last summerYesterdayLast night

…since…






October 5th.…since…






October 5th.3:15 p.m.…since…






October 5th.3:15 p.m.Tuesday

…since…






October 5th.3:15 p.m.Tuesday

This morning

…since…


Example using for


Example using for:

Barak Obama has been President of the United States of America for 5 years.



Barak Obama ha sido el presidente de los Estados Unidos de América por/durante 5 años

Example using for:



Barak Obama ha sido el presidente de los Estados Unidos de América por/durante 5 años

for, used to describe a period of time.(for, usado para describir periodos de tiempo)

Example using for:


Example using since


Barak Obama has been President of the United States of America since 2008.

Example using since:




Barak Obama ha sido el presidente de los Estados Unidos de América desde el 2008.


Examples:



since, used with a specific time or date in the past.(desde, usado para fechas o tiempos específicos en el pasado.)


Thank you!!!

c8 u2 project present perfect. for and since

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