c1 network management overview

8/6/2019 C1 Network Management Overview

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Network Management

Overview


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Network Management Overview

Requirements and Systems

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Table of Contents

Todays Networks

Network Management Requirements

Network Management Systems

NMS Software Architecture

Distributed Network Management

Proxy Agent

Standard Management Frameworks


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3

Fast

Ethernet

B-ISDN

ATM

SDH

PSTN

Computer Networks Telecom Networks

Todays NetworksTodays Networks

ISDN

Token

Ring

Gigabit

Ethernet

FDDI

WANs SS#7

IN/AIN

PSDN

PCS

Access

Networks

Ethernet

World-Wide Web

Email, DNS, FTP

News, Telnet, IRC

RealAudio, RealVideo

MBone

Video Conferencing

Electronic Commerce

Internet Phone

Banking, Accounting

Distance Learning

Local, Long-distance,

Oversea Phone service

080, 070, collect-call

third-party IN service

cellular, C2, PCS, TRS

Video-on-Demand

Tele-conferencing

Video-conferencing

Internet Telephony


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NM Users Requirements

Controlling corporate strategic assets

effective control of network & computing resources

Controlling complexity

continued growth of devices, users, applications & protocols

Improving service

users expect better service with increased resources

Balancing various needs

must assign and control resources to balance various needs

Reducing downtime

more users and applications depend on availability

Controlling costs

effective resource utilization in order to control costs


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NM Functional Requirements

Fault Management

detection, isolation and correction of abnormal operations

Configuration Management

identify managed resources and their connectivity, discovery

Accounting Management

keep track of usage for charging

Performance Management

monitor and evaluate the behavior of managed resources

Security Management allow only authorized access and control

FCAPS


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Network Management OverviewRequirements and Systems

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Fault Management

concerned with:

providing a reliable networking environment

ensuring that the systems as a whole, and each essential

component individually, are in proper working order

redundant components and routes can be used to increasefault tolerance

when a fault occurs, the manager should be able to:

determine exactly where the fault (i.e., abnormal condition) is isolate the rest of the network from failure

reconfigure or modify the network for continued operation

repair or replace the failed components to restore the network


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Configuration Management

concerned with:

initializing a network & shutting down part or all of the network

maintaining, adding and updating the relationships among

components

monitoring the status of components during network operation

the network manager should be able to:

startup and shutdown operations on a network

identify the components that comprise the network (discovery)

change the connectivity of the components (possibly as a result

of network upgrade, fault recovery or security checks)

detect changes in the network configuration


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Accounting Management

concerned with:

keeping track of the usage of network resources

charging the use of network resources

monitoring the end-user activities for possible abuse, for

suggesting better usage to users and for network planning

the manager should be able to:

specify the kinds of accounting information to be recorded at

various nodes specify the algorithms to be used in calculating the charging

generate accounting reports


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Performance Management

concerned with:

providing an efficient communication environment

monitoring and analyzing the performance of the components

making proper adjustments to improve network performance


determine the capacity utilization, throughput, the average and

worst-case response times

monitor and gather data on the activities of components analyze the gathered data and assess performance levels

determine the sources of performance problems & fix them

use the performance stats for future network planning


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Security Management

concerned with:

providing a secure networking environment

preventing hacking, illegal and unauthorized access

managing information protection and access-control facilities


generate, distribute and store encryption keys

maintain and distribute passwords and other authorization or

access-control information monitor and control access to networks

collect, store and examine audit records and security logs

enable & disable the logging facilities


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A network management system (NMS) is a collection of

tools for network monitoring and control

based on the manager-agent paradigm

the manager sends mgmt requests to one or more agents

an agent performs the requested operation and returns results

when agents detect faults,they report to the manager

NMS typically provides a GUI through which most or all

management tasks can be performed

Many commercial and freely available NMSs exist: HP OpenView, IBM NetView, Sun Net Manager, etc.

research prototypes from CMU, MIT, UC Davis, U. of Twente


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AgentAgent Agent

Agent Agent Agent

Agent

Collect, organize & interpret

Operational Data

Administrator

Workstation

Management Platform

Observation

& Control

mgmt requests/replies

event reports


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Elements of an NMS

NMA

NME Appl

Comm

OS

NME Appl

Comm

OS

NME Appl

Comm

OS

NME

Comm

OS

Network controlhost (manager)

Server

(agent)

Workstation

(agent)

Router

(agent)

NMA = network management application

NME = network management entity

Appl = application

Comm = communications software

OS = operating system

Networks


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Network Management Entity

(NME) NME is a collection of software devoted to the networkmanagement tasks

is typically known as an management agent

Each NME performs the following tasks

collects statistics on communications and network-related

activities

stores statistics locally

responds to commands from the network manager, including

commands to: transmit collected stats to network manager

change an attribute value

provide status information

generate artificial traffic to perform a test

etc.


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Network Mgmt Application (NMA)

NMA is a collection of software for performing network

monitoring and control

is typically known as network manager

NMA provides an operator interface to allow an

authorized user to manage the network

NMA responds to user commands by displaying

information and/or issuing commands to NMEs

Standard protocols (e.g., SNMP, CMIP) are used to

manage a multi-vendor network

there may be more than one NMA in a large network

which can lead to the need of a hierarchy of managers

(e.g., top level manager, middle level managers, etc.)


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NM Software Architecture

User Presentation Software

interfaces between user and NM software

a unified user interface desirable

includes graphical tools to display summarized NM information

Network Management Software

a set of NM applications (configuration, performance, etc.)

a set of application elements (alarm handling, logging, etc.)

NM data transport service

Communication and Database Support Software local Management Information Base (MIB) access module

communications protocol stack (e.g., TCP/IP, OSI) to interact

with remote agents and managers


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Architectural Model of NMS

Unified user interface

Presentation of network management information to users

Network management

application

Network management

application

...

application element application element application element

Network management data transport service

MIB access

module

Communication

protocol stack

Managed networks

...

Management

Information

Base


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Resources to be managed are widely distributed

widespread use of departmental LANs

need for local control & optimization of distributed applications

Hierarchical NM architecture desirable

distributed NMSs are given limited access for network

monitoring and control of departmental resources

top-level NMS has a global access rights and the ability to

manage all network resources

Benefits of Distributed NM NM traffic overhead is minimized - traffic is localized

Dist. mgmt offers greater scalability

use of multiple NMSs eliminates the single point of failure


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Typical Dist. Mgmt System

ArchitectureManagement clients (PCs, workstations)

Network

Network

Management server

Management

applicationMIB

Element

managerElement

manager

Network resources (servers, routers, hosts) with management agents

Management server

Management

applicationMIB


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Proxy Agents

Managed resources may have various mgmt interfaces

some with different mgmt protocols (e.g., OSI vs. SNMP, XML

vs. SNMP)

some with proprietary mgmt interfaces (e.g., older systems)

small systems not capable of possessing NME (e.g., modems)

Proxy agents are used to manage these devices

managers use standard protocols to communicate with proxies

proxy agents use proprietary protocols to communicate withproprietary devices

proxy agents perform translations between managers and

proprietary devices

an agent to the manager and a manager to proprietary devices


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Proxy Agent Architecture

Proxy Agent

Protocol

stack

Client proxy

stub

Protocol

stack

Proprietary management

interface

Server proxy

stub

Management

application

Client

stub

Protocolstack

Server stub

Protocol stack

Standard operations

and event reports

Proprietary operations

and event reports


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Standard Management

Frameworks Internet Network Management Framework (IETF)

SNMPv1 (Internet Full Standard)

SNMPv2 (Internet Full Standard)

SNMPv3 (Internet Proposed Standard)

OSI Network Management Framework (ISO/ITU-T) CMIP (X.700 Series)

Telecommunication Management Network (ITU-T) TMN (M.3000 Series)

Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF) DMI, CIM, WBEM


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Summary

Network Management Requirements Users Requirements

Functional Requirements (FCAPS)


Network Management Entity (NME) Network Management Application (NMA)

NMS Software Architecture


Proxy Agent Standard Management Frameworks

READ Chapter 1 of Stallings

c1 network management overview

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