c++ practical file complete
TRANSCRIPT
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM -1: WAP in C++ to find the factorial of a number using functions.
INPUT: Enter any number.
EXPLAINATION: Here in this program we declare two variables n and fact. To find the factorial of
a number we use data type i.e, unsigned int .
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
int main() //beginning of main f()
{
unsigned int n,fact; //variable declaration
unsigned int factorial(unsigned int); //function declaration
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-2: WAP in C++ to find the volume of cube using functions.
INPUT : Enter any number.
EXPLAINATION: Here in this program we declare two variables a,b and one function i.e,cube . To find
the cube of a number we use formula i.e,cube=side*side*side .
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
int main() //begining of main f()
{
int a,b; //declaration of variables
int cube(int); //declaration of function
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-3: WAP in C++ to swap two numbers using call by value.
INPUT : Enter the value of a and b.
EXPLAINATION: Swap means to interchange the values In this program we declare two variables a and
b. To swap two numbers we take another temperory variable i.e, z in user defined function.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
int main() //beginning of main f()
{
int a,b; //variable declaration
void swap(int,int); //function declaration
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
y=z;
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-4: WAP in C++ to swap two numbers using call by reference.
INPUT : Enter the value of a and b.
EXPLAINATION: Refenence means address(&) .In this program we declare two variables a and b. To
swap two numbers by call by reference we take another temperory variable i.e, z in user defined f().
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
int main() //begining of main f()
{
int a,b; //variable declaration
void swap(int&,int&); //function declaration
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
y=z;
cout
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-5: WAP in C++ to find the simple interest using the concept of default arguments.
EXPLAINATION: In this program we declare variable nand function siand apply the formula of simple
interest i.e,S.I=(p*r*t)/100 in user defined f().
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
int main() //beginning of main f()
{
float n; //variable declaration
float si(float, float, float t=5); //function declaration
cout
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-6: Wap to enter the name ,age and percentage.
INPUT : Enter any name, age and percentage.
EXPLAINATION:Structure is a collection of dissimiliar type of data elements.In this program the
structure name is student .We declare three variable i.e, name, age and per .We have to enter
the name ,age and per of two students.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
struct student //name of the structure
{
char name[20];
int age;
float per;
}s1,s2;
int main() //beginning of main f()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
cin>>s2.name;
couts2.age;
couts2.per;
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-7: Wap to demonstrate the concept of data abstraction.
INPUT : Enter the value of a and b.
EXPLAINATION: Data abstraction means to know about the essential features by by hiding the
background details. In this program the class name is ABC .We declare three variables a,b,c and
member functions read, process and show.We have to add two numbers. In main f() we create
one object i.e,o1
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class ABC //name of class
{
int a,b,c; //data member
public:
void read() //member function
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-8: Wap to demonstrate the concept of dataencapsulation.
INPUT : Enter the value of a and b.
EXPLAINATION: Data encapsulation means the wrapping up of data and functions in a single unit(called
class). In this program the class name is ABC .We declare three data members a,b,c and member
functions read, process and show.We have to add two numbers. In main f() we create one object i.e,o1
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class ABC //name of class
{
int a,b,c; //data member
public:
void read() //member function
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
cout
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-9: Wap to demonstrate the concept of classes and objects.
INPUT : Enter any number.
EXPLAINATION: In this program the class name is ABC .We declare two data members a,b and member
functions read and process.We have to show greater between two numbers. In main f() we create one
object i.e,o1
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class ABC //name of class
{
int a,b; //data member
public:
void read() //member function
{
couta; //standard input
coutb; //standard input
}
void show() //member f()
{
If(a>b) //if loop
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-10: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of creating objects.
INPUT : Enter any number.
EXPLAINATION: In this program the class name is ABC .We declare data member i.e, n and member
functions read and process.We have to show whether the number is even or odd. In main f() we create
two objects i.e,o1 and o2
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class ABC //name of class
{
int n; //data member
public: //access level
void read() //member function
{
coutn; //standard input
}
void show() //member f()
{
if(n%2==0) //if loop
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
}
};
int main() //beginning of main f()
{
ABC o1,o2; //creation of object
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-11: WAP in C++ to access the data member and member function.
INPUT : Enter any value of a.
EXPLAINATION:Here class name is ABC,data members are a&b, member functions are read, process and
show. We have to find the square of a number.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class ABC //name of class
{
int a,b; //data member
public:
void read() //member function
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
};
int main() //begining of main f()
{
ABC o1; //creation of object
o1.read(); //invoke member f()
o1.process();
o1.show();
return 0; //return type
} //end of program
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-12: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of array of object.
INPUT : Enter any value of five item nos and price.
EXPLAINATION:Array is a collection of similar type of data elements.In this program the class name is
item.We declare data member i.e,itemno &price and member function read&show .We have to show
item no.and price of five items. In main f() we take array of object o1[5].
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class item //name of class
{
int itemno; //data members
float price;
public:
void read(int i,float p) //member f()
{
itemno=i;
price=p;
}
void show() //member f()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
int itno;
float pri;
item o1[5]; //array of object
cout
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OUTPUT:
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-13: WAP in C++ to add two diff. minutes and hours using object as f() argument.
INPUT : Enter any value of hours and minutes.
EXPLAINATION: Here the class name is time, data member are hours and minutes, member functions
are read &show. In this program we have to pass object as argument in place of values.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class time //name of the class
{
int hours; //variable declaration
int minutes;
public: //member function
void read(int h,int m) //temporary variable/argument
{
hours=h;
minutes=m;
}
void show() //member function
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
hours=t1.hours+t2.hours;
minutes=t1.minutes+t2.minutes;
h1=minutes/60;
m1=minutes%60;
hours=hours+h1;
minutes=m1;
}
int main() //begining of main f()
{
time t1,t2,t3; //creation of object
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-14: WAP in C++ to add two english distances using object as f() argument.
INPUT : Enter any value of hours and minutes.
EXPLAINATION: Here the class name is distance, data members are feet and inches, member functions
are read &show. In this program we have to pass object as argument in place of values.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class distance //name of the class
{
int feet; //variable declaration
int inches;
public: //member function
void read(int i,int j) //temporary variable/argument
{
feet=i;
inches=j;
}
void show() //member function
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
feet=d1.feet+d2.feet;
inches=d1.inches+d2.inches;
f1=inches/12;
inc1=feet%12;
feet=feet+f1;
inches=inc1;
}
int main() //begining of main f()
{
distance d1,d2,d3; //creation of object
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-15: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of inline function.
INPUT : Enter any value of a & b.
EXPLAINATION:Inline functions are used to remove the overheads by pasting the calculation
in every function.Here in this program we take abc as class name ,two access
levels private & public ,two member f()s as read & show .
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class abc //name of class
{
int a,b,c; //data member
public: //access level
void read() //member f()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-16: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the defination of member f()'s of a class.
INPUT : Enter any value of a & b.
EXPLAINATION:Here in this program we have to add two numbers. Taking add as class name ,two
access levels private & public ,two member f()s as read & show .
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class add //name of class
{
int a,b,c; //variable declaration
public:
void input(); //member function declaration
void process();
void output();
};
void add::input() //member f() defination
{
cout
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}
void add::output() //member f() defination
{
cout
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PROGRAM-17: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of friend function.
INPUT : Enter any value of a & b.
EXPLAINATION: Friend function are used to access the data member.In this program the class name is
abc.We declare data member i.e, a & b and member function read .We have to add two numbers. In
main f() we create one objects i.e,o1.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class abc //name of class
{
int a,b; //data member
public: //access level
void read() //member funnction
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
int main() //beginning of main()
{
int c; //declaration
abc o1; //creation of object
o1.read(); //invoke M F()
c=func(o1); //function call
cout
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PROGRAM-18: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of returning object.
INPUT : Enter any two feet and inches.
EXPLAINATION: Here the class name is distance, data members are feet and inches, member functions
are read &show. In this program we have to pass object as argument in place of values and returning
object.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class distance //name of class
{
int feet; //data member
int inches;
public:
void read(int f, int i) //member f()
{
feet=f;
inches=i;
}
void show() //member f()
{
cout
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distance dd3;
dd3.feet=dd1.feet+dd2.feet;
dd3.inches=dd1.inches+dd2.inches;
if(dd3.inches>=12)
{
dd3.feet++;
dd3.inches=dd3.inches-12;
}
return dd3; //returning object
}
int main() //begining of main()
{
distance d1,d2,d3; //creation of object
cout
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OUTPUT:
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-19: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of default and parameterised constructor.
EXPLAINATION:Constructor are special type of member functions. Constructors are always public. Here
the class name is abc,one default constructor,one parameterised constructor we have just to show the
values.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class abc //name of class
{
int a,b; //data member
public: //access level
abc() //default constructor
{
a=4;
b=3;
}
abc(int i,int j) //parameterised constructor
{
a=i;
b=j;
}
void show() //member function
{
cout
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};
int main() //beginning of main f()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-20: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of destructors.
EXPLAINATION: Destructors are also special type of member functions. Here the class name is alpha,
Constructor nameis alpha() and destructor name is ~alpha().
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
int count=0;
class alpha //name of class
{
public:
alpha() //constructor
{
count++; //increment
cout
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alpha a2;
//destructor invoke automatically
return 0; //return type
} //end of program
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-21: WAP to count the no. of object in a program by using static data member and static
member f().
EXPLAINATION: Static member functions are those functions which contain only static data members
and static member functions . Here in this program we have to count the no. of objects in a program.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class x //name of class
{
int itemno; //data member
float price;
static int count; //static data member
public: //access level
void read(int i,float f) //member function
{
itemno=i;
price=f;
count++;
}
void show() //member function
{
cout
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cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-22: WAP in c++ to demonstrate the concept of copy constructor.
EXPLAINATION: Copy constructor copies values from main function to member function.Here the class
name is abc.In this program we use three constructors one is default constructor,second is
parameterised constructor and third is copy constructor.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class abc //name of class
{
int i,j; //variable declaration
public: //member f()
abc() //default constructor
{
i=5;
j=4;
}
abc(int a, int b) //parameterised constructor
{
i=a;
j=b;
}
abc(abc&s) //copy constructor
{
i=s.i;
j=s.j;
}
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void display() //member f()
{
cout
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OUTPUT:
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-23: WAP in c++ to demonstrate the concept of single inheritance.
INPUT : Enter any two numbers.
EXPLAINATION: When a derived class inherits the features of base class,it is single inheritance. Here we
take two classes one is base and other is derived class.We have to add two numbers.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class base //name of class
{
private: //access level
int a; //data member
protected:
int b;
public:
void read() //member function
{
couta; //standard input
}
void get()
{
coutb;
}
void show()
{
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cout
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}
};
int main() //beginning of main f()
{
cout
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PROGRAM-24: WAP in c++ to demonstrate the concept of multiple inheritance.
INPUT : Enter the value of a & b.
EXPLAINATION: When a derived class inherits the features of more than one base class then it is
multiple inheritance.Here we take two base classes and one derived class. In this program we have to
add two numbers.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class base1 //name of class
{
protected: //access level
int a; //data member
public:
void read() //member function
{
couta; //standard input
}
void show()
{
cout
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int b;
public:
void get()
{
coutb;
}
void put()
{
cout
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}
};
int main() //beginning of main f()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-25: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of multilevel inheritance.
INPUT : Enter the value of a & b.
EXPLAINATION:The transitive nature of inheritance is reflected by this form of inheritance. When a
subclass inherits from a class that itself inherits from another class, it is known as multilevel inheritance.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class student //name of class
{
protected: //access level
int rollno; //data member
char name[20];
public:
void read() //member function
{
coutrollno; //standard input
coutname;
}
void show()
{
cout
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class student_details:public student
{
protected:
int marks[3];
public:
void read()
{
student::read();
coutmarks[0];
coutmarks[1];
coutmarks[2];
}
void show()
{
student::show();
cout
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public:
void read()
{
student_total::read();
}
void cal()
{
total=marks[0]+marks[1]+marks[2];
}
void show()
{
student_details::show();
cout
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OUTPUT:
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-26: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of hierarchical inheritance.
INPUT : Enter any roll no., name and three subjects marks.
EXPLAINATION: When many subclasses inherit from a single base class, it is known as hirarchical
inheritance.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class stud_basic //NAME OF CLASS
{
private: //ACCESS LEVEL
char name[20]; //DATA MEMBER
int rollno;
public:
void read() //MEMBER FUNCTION
{
coutrollno; //STANDARD INPUT
coutname;
}
void show()
{
cout
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{
private:
float marks[30],marks_obt;
float per;
public:
void input()
{
stud_basic::read();
cout
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{
marks_obt=marks[0]+marks[1]+marks[2];
per=float(marks_obt/300)*100;
}
};
class stud_fitness:public stud_basic
{
private:
float height,weight;
public:
void read()
{
stud_basic::read();
cout
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};
void main() //BEGINNING OF MAIN F()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-27: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of hybrid inheritance.
EXPLAINATION: When a derived class inherits the features from multiple base classes which again
inherits the featurs of a single base class then it is known as hybrid inheritance.Here we take four classes
,in this program we have to find the percentage of all the marks obtained.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class stud_basic //name of class
{
private: //access level
char name[20]; //data member
int rollno;
public:
void read() //member function
{
coutrollno; //standard input
coutname;
}
void show()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
class stud_acd_marks:public stud_basic
{
protected:
float marks[3];
public:
void read()
{
stud_basic::read(); //call read of base
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
protected:
float score;
public:
void read()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
{
stud_acd_marks::show();
sports::show();
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-28: WAP in c++ to demonstrate the concept of unary operator overloading.
EXPLAINATION: Let us consider the unary plus operator. A plus operator when used as a unary,takes
just one operand. The given program shows how the unary plus operator is overloaded.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class abc //name of class
{
int count; //declaration
public: //access level
abc()
{
count=0;
}
void show() //member function
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-29: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of binary operator overloading.
INPUT : Enter any values of hours and minutes.
EXPLAINATION: Operator overloading means to do additional job to an operator a special function with
that operator called as operator overloading. The same mechanism of unary operator can be used to
overload a binary operator.The f()notation c=sum(a,b);can be replaced by a natural looking expression
c=a+b;
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
class time //name of class
{
int hours; //data member
int minutes;
public: //access level
void read() //member function
{
couthours; //standard input
coutminutes;
}
void show() //member function
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
{
time tt3;
tt3.hours=hours+tt2.hours;
tt3.minutes=minutes+tt2.minutes;
if(tt3.minutes>=60)
{
tt3.hours++;
tt3.minutes=tt3.minutes-60;
}
return tt3;
}
};
int main()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
Program-30: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of function overloading.
INPUT : Enter any value of a,b,c,g,h.
Explaination: Overloading refers to the use of same thing for different purposes. C++ also permits
overloading of functions. This means that we can use the same functionname to create functions that
perform a variety of different tasks, using the concept of function overloading. For e.g: In this program
an overloaded add() function handles different types of data as shown below:
Source Code:
#include
#include
int main() //beginning of main
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
cin>>h;
d=add(a); //function call
e=add(a,b);
f=add(a,b,c);
i=add(g,h);
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
int add(int p,int q,int r)
{
int s;
s=p+q+r;
return s;
}
float add(float m,float n)
{
float o;
o=m+n;
return o;
}
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-31: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of virtual f()'s.
EXPLAINATION: How we do achieve polymorphism? It is achieved using what is known as virtual
functions. When we use the same f()name in both the base&derived classes, the f() in base class is
declared as virtual using the keyword virtual preceding its normal declaration.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
class base //name of class
{
public: //access level
void display() //member function
{
cout
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{
coutshow();
return 0; //return type
} //end of program
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-32: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of templates.
EXPLAINATION: Templates is a new concept which enable us to define generic programming. Generic
programming is an approach where generic types are used as parameters in algorithms so that they
work for a variety of suitable data types and data structure.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
template
class test //name of class
{
t1 a;
t2 b;
public: //access level
test(t1 x,t2 y)
{
a=x;
b=y;
}
void show() //member f()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
int main() //begining of main f()
{
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-33: WAP in c++ to demonstrate the concept of files and streams.
INPUT : Enter ur name and roll no.
EXPLAINATION: Files are used to store the output of program.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
int main() //begining of main f()
{
char name[20]; //variable declaration
int rollno;
cout
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ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
return 0; //return type
} //end of program
OUTPUT:
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By: Prabhat Kumar
ASHOKA COLLEGE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION
PROGRAM-34: WAP in C++ to demonstrate the concept of get and put.
INPUT : Enter ur name.
EXPLAINATION: The functions get() and put() are member functions of the file stream class fstream.get()
is used to read a single character from the file.put() is used to write a single character to the output file.
SOURCE CODE:
#include
#include
int main() //beginning of main function
{
char a[20]; //variable declaration
cout
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OUTPUT: