by promoting trade as europeans in the crusades still wanted the middle east goods in europe to cut...
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By promoting trade as Europeans in the crusades still wanted the middle east goods in Europe
To cut out the middle man and make money
Cultural diffusion, end to China’s isolationDisease, robberies
The Silk Road
Bellringer
What trade route connected China and the
Middle East?
Name one positive and one negative aspect of trade
along the Silk Road.
Why did the Europeans wants to find direct trade routes to India and China?
How did the crusades contribute to the Age of
Exploration?
CrusadesThe crusades were a series of holy wars between the Europeans and Muslims. Fighting occurred mostly in the Middle East, near the Holy city of Jerusalem.
The crusaders were exposed to many riches and luxuries, and when they returned home they created demand for more products.
Christians in Europe had to trade or by-pass
Muslim merchants to get the goods they
desired
What is one challenge preventing Europeans from getting a direct
trade route?
MotivesThe trade of Europe was dominated by Italian and Muslim merchants at this time. As a good passed from merchant to merchant its price increased drastically. This prompted the Europeans to find their own trade routes and get the items for much less.
Spice traderMuslim
merchant to Italy
Italian Merchant to Europe
Bought by
European
$ $$
$
As technology improved the Europeans were able to make longer sea voyages
Technology Improves
CartographersMapmakers created more accurate maps
and sea charts
AstrolabeUsed to measure angles of
the sun to find latitude
CaravelNew sail design that
allowed for sailing into the wind
Beats hand over hand method
Notable ExplorersExplorer Achievements
Dias-Found the Cape of Good Hope; a sea passage to the South of Africa
De Gama-Rounded the Cape of Good Hope and landed in India. Brought back tons of spices and sold for huge profit
Columbus-Established the first lasting trade between the Old world and the New World when he found the Caribbean
MagellanFirst to circumnavigate the world
Zheng He
Chinese explorer throughout the Indian Ocean. Believed China was superior= ethnocentric
Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1492
Treaty of Tordesillas The pope set up boundaries for the New World, awarding Africa to Portugal and the Americas to Spain.
The Treaty of Tordesillas set up the boundaries
Columbian ExchangePositives Negatives
-New foods thrived in Europe and created a surplus of food (increase population)
-permanent contact between the East and West established
-disease spread from Europe to the New world
-Natives were slaves under Encomienda
Spanish ImperialismThe Spanish took control quickly for 3 reasons:1) Better weapons, armor and horses
2) Allied with bitter conquered natives
3) Diseases such as small pox killed natives
Natives and African (slaves)
New world SlavesThe Spanish took over the new world and established the Encomienda system to create a labor force
Peninsulares- Spanish Born
Creoles- American born Spanish
Mestizos- Spanish and Native American Mulattoes- Spanish and African
Most Social systems in history are based on socio-economic
status, such as occupation. What is the Encomienda
system based on?
Race
African SlavesAs Encomienda slave labor decreased due to deaths from over work and disease, the Spanish turned to Africa for slaves
The slaves travelled along the Middle Passage
MercantilismEuropeans looked at colonies as existing to provide raw materials and new markets.
Mercantilism- economic policy where a nation tries to export more than it imports to
build wealth
Vortex
Columbian Exchange ReviewThe Columbian Exchange established the first global exchange system between Europe and the Americas.
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