PRESENTED BY

K.S.SYED AFSALD.THIRUNAVUKKARASUB.SWARNA A TULASIA.KEERTHANA NAGADEVIR.JAYA LAKSHMI II B.comKongu Arts & Science College Erode

ORIGIN OF BUS BODY BUILDING In the year 1952 LG.Balakrishnan started LGB Coach .

Gained the knowledge of this process from G.D.NAIDU who dismantled a bus,bought from foreign.

In TamilNadu Karur was considered as its origin place.

In 1972 the employees & workers scattered from LGB & started their own coaches.

Karur is considered as suitable place because required raw materials availability is more.

CHASSISTATA,LEYLAND,EICHER are chassis manufacturers

CHASSISMID POINT OVER HANG

CHASSIS CHASIS VARIETY:

a)210 inchesb)222 inchesc)205 inchesd)218 inchese)232 inches/4200mm

The chassis are handed over to the company with the engine number and registration number on their side.

KITSKits are readymade pre-welded angles.Kits are meant for uniform model buses.

ADVANTAGES:The main advantage in the kit model is that

the company need not wait for the chassis from the customer.

Working days are less in doing kit model buses.

KITSFLOOR KIT ROOF KIT

KITSLEFT & RIGHT KITS ALL KITS ASSEMBLED

STAGE

ASSEMBLING STAGEWELDED ANGLES furnished with SAL WOOD ASSEMBLED KIT

FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTICSTo avoid water leakage fibre reinforced plastics are used.

This fibre materials reduces weight and helps in mileage

These fibres are made out of readymade moulds of different shapes.

FIBRE RE-INFORCED PLASTICSA chemical cote called PVA is applied. This

cote will be converted as thin polythene sheets within few minutes.

Then a mixture of Gel Cote,Catalyst,Resin and COBOLT are applied.

This fibre is a non heat conductor.Can repair the damages easily,need not be

replaced entirely

FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTICSFIBRE MADE FRONT COWL

FIBRE used for FRONT COWL & DASH BOARD

SHEET METAL

This is an alternative for FIBRE.These are fixed over the KITS.Each metals are joined through

BEEADING.These are more strong than FIBRE.It can only be replaced cannot be

repaired.

SHEET METAL FRONT PANELLING REAR PANELLING

SHEET METALsheet metals are placed for outer PANELLING

Between metal & angles, THERMOCOAL are placed as heat resistant.

FLOORING

DENSIFIED PLYWOOD are fixed for flooring .Each PLYWOOD are attached through BEEADING.Diamond shaped, plain,round designs plywoods are available.

ROOFINGPLYWOOD FIXED BEFORE ELECTRICAL WORKS

COMPLETION OF ROOFING WORK after ELETRICAL WORKS

ELECTRICAL WORKS

This works would be done after space allocated for

TV sets,cabinet for players & speakers

Tube Lights & Lamps in roof Decorative lights placed in roof Lamp placed in Steps

ELECTRICAL WORKS

This work involves major human risk.Time consuming too long.

FITTINGS57+2 seats only as per GOVT.rulesSeats LightsIGR & PostLaftCrathyCurtains

INNER FITTINGSDriver partitionSeatsPost,IGR,CrathyHandleLightingsSound systemVideo provisionBattery box Lafts on either sidesVentilator

DRIVER PARTITION

Route board & connection boardAlmira Engine bannet Mirror, first aid box, bottle holderPlayer cabinetUPS,Swith boardSeat facing driver

FITTINGSJack knife entrance door Expertise IGR works &

ventilator

OUTER FITTINGS Front & rear glassDoom LightIndicator sWiper, Name boardRear view mirrorWindows Entrance shutterLaddersluggage scrollersRear light

WATER LEAK TEST BOOTHThis is used to test water leakage after sheet metal is fixedWater will be sprayed out from EVERY NOOK & CORNERThis work will be held before painting

PAINTINGThis process is done after fitting stageFinancial risk is included in this workModerate climate is friendly to painting

process RISK FACTORS :-Air pollutionRainfall Workers in-alertnessUnusual sunlight

PAINTINGPATTY WORK BEFORE PAINTING

BOOTHHOT DRIER PAINT BOOTH

INSIDE THE BOOTH

COMPLETED PAINTING WORK

EXTRA SPACES SPACE FOR TOOLS SPACE FOR LUGGAGE

INVESTMENTS FIXED CAPITALPLANT & MACHINERY = Rs 25,00,000LAND & BUILDING = Rs 30,00,000(2

acres)

WORKING CAPITALRs 20,00,000Based on financial strength of the owner.Most of the existing companies are running

as a medium scale business.

CONSTRUCTION COST DETAILS City buses -Rs.4,40,000 Moffisil buses -Rs.4,75,000

Generator buses -Rs.5,50,000 Institutional buses-Rs.5,00,000 Caravons -Rs.8,00,000 to Rs.15,00,000 Mini buses& omni buses -Rs.3,00,000 Travel buses -Rs.6,00,000

FOR COMPLETION OF WORKTime schedule for various kinds of

buses:- City buses : 10 days.Mofissil buses : 10-12 days.Caravon buses : 40-45 days.Other types(Institutional & travels):Around 20

days.

PROBLEMS OF EMPLOYEESProtection to human life risk is provided only as a voluntary measure.

No regularity of transaction(as contract basis).

No job security.Working without training is impossible

PROBLEMS OF MANAGEMENTNo labour flow though demand is

tremendous. Mechanisation is not possible due to

non-standardisation.Training of employees should be done

mostly by companies.Associations are strengthening only at

recent times.

ASSOCIATIONAssociation of Bus body builders exist to

bring unity among companies.They even arrange foreign trips for industrial

visit to members at their own expenses.As associations are not functioning effective

CLUSTERS are formed by interested groups.CLUSTERS are planned to be helpful through

subsidies.

EMPLOYERS SURVEY1.EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY

2.RISK IN WORK

3.PREFERRED RISK POLICY PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY

4.MECHANIZATION LEADS TO DECREASE IN EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY

5.Preference for training

COMPLETED BUS ORDINARY BUS DOUBLE TUCKER BUS

CERTAIN EXISTING COMPANIES

MAARUTHI COACH BUILDERS,KARURATAL COACH BUILDERS,KARUR SAKTHI COACH BUILDERS,KARUR INDIAN COACH BUILDERS,KARURPEETEE COACH BUILDERS,KARURSTAR COACH BUILDERS,KARURSUN COACH BUILDERS,ERODE

CONCLUSIONThe main aim of this project is to invite

youngsters to do this business.A business having sufficient PROFIT &

stand as a SERVICE SECTOR.Hope you all had a good time & a clear

picture about this business.Thus we have a new pathway for our

FUTURE.