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BR Efforts to Reduce Emissions of Criteria

Pollutants

Bruce Gantner

San Juan Division Environmental, Health,

and Safety

1

Agenda

• Compressor Optimization (NOx and CO)

• Energy Efficiency (NOx and CO)

• Venting Efficiency (VOC)

• Vapor Recovery Units (VOC Reductions in TX and N. Dakota)

1

2

Compressor Optimization

3


2

4


• BR Owned Compressors

– In 2001 BR owned approximately 485 units with a mean horsepower of 122.69 bhp.

– As of February 2006, BR owned approximately 752 units with a mean horsepower of 106.49. 0

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Number Horsepower NOx Emissions

Energy Efficiency

• Estimated Fuel Usage

– 286 to 500 Bbl Tanks - 2.36 MMBtu/day (pilot and burner – assuming a 325,000 Btu/hr burner and 30% run time)

– Separators - 1.8 MMBtu/day (pilot and burner – assuming a 250,000 Btu/hr burner and 30% burner run time)

• Heating is typically required 150 days out of the year during the winter for most sites.

• Some sites require heat year around to avoid solidifying of paraffin.

3

5

6

Work Performed to Date

The Following sites have production equipment insulated:

• Negro Canyon #1 Tank Battery – Five Tanks

• Negro Canyon #2 Tank Battery – Three Tanks

• Cinder Gulch SWD Tank Battery – Five Tanks

• 29-7 #191 Well Location – One Separator

• Elliot Federal #22-1M Well Location – One Separator

7

Energy Efficiency

4

8

Negro Canyon #1 Tank Battery

9


5

10


Emissions Reductions

Fuel Saved: 2.36 MMbtu/day per tank (total fuel savings for five tanks is 11.8 MMBtu/day = 1770 MMBtu per year

NOx Emissions REductions: 1770 MMBtu/yr x .08 lb NOx/mmBtu = 141.6 lbs NOx/year or .071 tpy

11

Elliot Federal #22-1M

6

3:30 P

M

12:00

AM

6:00 A

M



Fuel Usage LPud Non Insulated

100 8TEMP degF GAS

90 Fuel Usage MCF/D7

806

70

560

MC

F/D

Tem

p

50 4

403

302

20

Fuel Avg 4.4 MCF/D 110

10/01/04 0 0

12



Temp Increased Fuel Usage Insulated LPUD

120 TEMP degF GAS 10

Fuel Gas MCF/D 9

1008

780

6

MC

F/D

Tem

p

60 5

4

403

220

1Fuel Gas Avg 3.6 MCF/D

0 10/18/04 0

13

7

14

Elliot Federal #22-1M Emissions Reductions

Total Fuel Saved: 0.8 MMbtu/day (As shown on the attached graph) or 120 MMBtu/year

Emissions Reductions

NOx = 120 MMBtu/year x .08 lbs NOx/MMBtu = 9.6 lbs/year or .0048 tpy.

15

Typical Wellsite Emission Reductions

Assume Insulation of One Separator and One 286 Bbl Tank

Total Fuel Saved: 3.14 MMbtu/day (assuming pilots continue burning at a rate of 0.5 Mscf/day each) or 471 MMBtu/year

NOx Reduction = 471 MMBtu/year x .08 lbs NOx/MMBtu = 37.68 lbs NOx/year per wellsite or .0188 tpy

Assuming like kind reductions across BR wellsites

7000 wellsites x .0188 tpy = 131.88 tpy NOx reductions

8

16

• Over 3000 Burlington operated wells are incapable of continuous flow (<18 hrs daily).

– 304 MMCFD

• Venting Volumes as reported to MMS & NMOCD average last 6 months

– 5.7 MMCFD

Plunger Lift Operations

17

Current Status - Observations

• Opening and closing both relate to liquid load (circular logic)

– Flowing time determines liquid load

– Liquid load determines shut in time

• Optimum settings are difficult to translate basin wide

• Pressure builds fast and then slow

9

18

Typical Flow Cycle

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

6/23/2004 0:00

6/23/2004 2:24

6/23/2004 4:48

6/23/2004 7:12

6/23/2004 9:36

6/23/2004 12:00

6/23/2004 14:24

6/23/2004 16:48

6/23/2004 19:12

6/23/2004 21:36

6/24/2004 0:00

Date and Time

Gas

Rat

e (m

cf/d

)

185

190

195

200

205

210

215

Cas

ing

Pres

sure

(psi

g)

Gas Rate Casing Pressure

19

Plunger Lift Cycle Schematic

10

20


San Juan 27-4 Unit 49

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

6/24/2005 8:00 6/24/2005 8:07 6/24/2005 8:14 6/24/2005 8:21 6/24/2005 8:28 6/24/2005 8:36 6/24/2005 8:43 6/24/2005 8:50 6/24/2005 8:57

Rat

e (M

cfd)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Tubi

ng /

Cas

ing

(Psi

g)

Gas Rate Csg P Tbg P

V=11.5096 mcf V=11.3804 mcf

V= 2.9209 mcf

V=0.6674 mcf

∆V=2.2535 mcf

∆V=0.129151 mcf

Start of vent cycle End of vent

cycle

21


San Juan 27-5 Unit 145M

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

6/26

/200

5 9:

47

6/26

/200

5 9:

52

6/26

/200

5 9:

58

6/26

/200

5 10

:04

6/26

/200

5 10

:10

6/26

/200

5 10

:15

6/26

/200

5 10

:21

Rat

e (M

cfd)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Tubi

ng /

Cas

ing

(Psi

g)


Min. Rate

Min. Rate

11

22


San Juan 27-5 Unit 145M

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700 6/

26/2

005

9:47

6/26

/200

5 9:

52

6/26

/200

5 9:

58

6/26

/200

5 10

:04

6/26

/200

5 10

:10

6/26

/200

5 10

:15

6/26

/200

5 10

:21

Rat

e (M

cfd)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Tubi

ng /

Cas

ing

(Psi

g)


Min. Rate

Min. Rate

23

Field Measurement

• Install a connection between motor valve and backpressure regulator to accommodate Coriolis meter

• Calibration of meter was needed

• Used Coriolis meter to measure the gas rates going through the vent line

• Data Logger collected second by second data

• Collected data for about 24 hours on each well

• Pilot group consisted of 4 wells

12

24

Test Procedure – Coriolis Meter

San Juan 27-5 Unit 98E

25

237 mcfAverage Production 162 psig Average Line

Pressure Venting Every CycleComments

8 hrs Shut-In Time Per Day 16 hrs Flowing Time Per Day

Critical Flow of 300 mcf/d

Close Trigger

Shut-In Time Expired of 2 Hours

Open Trigger Before

235 mcf 164 psig

Not Venting At All

12 hrs 12 hrs

Critical Flow of 425 mcf/d

Casing Build of 3 psi in 30 minutes

After

13

26

Coriolis Meter Data-Results

Well

Vent Cycle MCF

Vent Time Min

Cycles Per Day ~ MCFD

San Juan 27-5 145M 1.5-1.7 6 3-4 5.6 San Juan 27-5 35 4.7-4.8 15 7-8 35.6 San Juan 27-5 124M 2.6-2.7 9 4-5 11.9 San Juan 27-4 49 0.12-0.5 1.5-2.5 4 1.2

VOC emission reductions = 54.3 mcfd x .15 x 365 days/year x 0.2 lbs/cf = 312 tpy

Methane emission reductions = 54.3 mcfd x .80 x 365 x .0434 lbs/cf = 344 tpy

27

Vapor Recovery

• Air Emission Regulations

– State/Federal Regulations Require controls:

• flash gas: heater-treater, tanks, dehydrators

• Avoid combustion flares

• Make economic sense at > 25MSCFD

• EPA Natural Gas Star

• API Greenhouse Gas Initiative

14

28

Vapor Recovery Emissions Reductions

• Reddell, Louisiana: Installed 7/2004

– Operating as planned at measured rates

– 70MSCFD of 2475 MMBTU/SCF gas

– VOC reductions of 383 tpy

• CHSU Nelson, North Dakota: Proposed

– ~118 MSCFD of 2513 MMBTU/SCF gas

– VOC reductions of 646 tpy

– Increased unit size in 8/2005

• Several other installs followed in South LA and Cedar Creek Anticline area: 30-50 MSCFD

15

30

EVRU

MotiveMotive

Discharge

Suction

Ejector-Based Vapor Recovery Unit

Ejector

Motive gas Suction

Location: Reddell Central Tank Battery, LA

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