bukomero town council urban indicators report 2014

THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA

Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development

BUKOMERO TOWN COUNCIL URBAN INDICATORS REPORT

PREPARED BY:

INTERNSHIP STUDENTS

KYAMBOGO UNIVERSITY

June/2014

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Foreword

I am pleased to present this report for the internship students Mr Wesigye Alex, Kakande

Fred, Kulumba Brian, Kaweesi Samuel and Kemba Joseph from Kyambogo University. As

part of their internship, the students were given an opportunity to collect urban

indicators relating to various urban areas, to create the urban Indicators data base, to

analyze and prepare a status report for one of the Town Councils. They carried out their

internship from 17th June to 25th July 2014.

Due to the limited time, the students could not go to the field to collect the indicators

from each Urban Council. Instead they contacted all the Town Clerks for their email

addresses after which the soft copy of the Urban Indicators Toolkit was sent to them for

filling in with the necessary information. The Town Clerks were requested to assign one

of their staff preferably the Physical Planner, to coordinate the exercise in their respective

Urban Councils. They were given two weeks within which to submit the completed

toolkit. It was noted however, that only twenty Urban Councils were able to return the

completed Toolkits within the allotted time frame. The Students then checked the

returns for completeness and verified the information that was provided by the Urban

Councils. Thereafter, they created a database of the indicators for the twenty Urban

Councils using Microsoft Excel. However, considering that the records were minimal and

some of them lacked certain information, the students were advised to concentrate on

one Urban Council whose return was fully completed compared to others. And this was

Bukomero Town Council (BTC).

The Students were guided in the preparation of the status report for Bukomero Town

Council. The report was intended to present baseline indicators as at 2014 for purposes of

comparison in future to measure the extent of change whether positive or negative. The

Report is a joint effort by all the Students who shared out specific thematic areas to

analyze and interpret the findings. They were also encouraged to refer to other secondary

data sources to enrich their analysis. The report gives a profile of Bukomero Town

Council which can serve as reference document to many parties who may be interested in

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investing in Bukomero. It also provides a basis for planning, priority setting and

budgeting. It is hoped that annually the indicators will be compiled for purposes of

monitoring the performance and evaluating the impact of policy decision adopted by the

Council.

The report is structured in three Chapters: the first Chapter covers the background and

introduction which presents the location, the population, natural hazards while Chapter

two presents analysis of findings on Land use, Land Tenure types and Demography and

Chapter 3 outlines the recommendations and conclusions.

I am glad to report that despite the limited time within which the exercise was

undertaken, the students managed to get feedback from the Urban Councils, which

enabled them to demonstrate the technical skills in data collection, analysis and

reporting. I believe that this report will be helpful to inform the planning process in

Bukomero Town Council.

I wish to extend my gratitude to the supervisors of the students, and the officers in the

Department of Urban Development for all the assistance provided to the team.

Samuel Mabala Commissioner-Urban Development

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Acknowledgement

We give thanks to the LORD JESUS CHRIST of Nazareth our GOD, LORD and SAVIOR

for HIS wisdom, knowledge, understanding, insight and finances among others that HE

has graciously given us throughout the production of this report.

We wish to extend our sincere gratitude to the Commissioner for Urban Development

(CUD), Mr. Mabala Samuel for his mentorship, guidance and supervision throughout the

process of compiling this report.

To our supervisor Ms. Nakiguli Devine Kibuuka for her unfailing love and support

towards our internship training and compilation of this report

And not forgetting Sande Goden and all the staff members of Urban Development

MLHUD for being good, approachable and giving us a conducive Learning environment.

No words can fully express how grateful we are. May the almighty GOD give you

abundant blessings.

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List of Acronyms

MLHUD Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development

CUD Commissioner of Urban Development

UD Urban Development

BTC Bukomero Town Council

TC Town Council

MS Microsoft Office

UBOS Uganda Bureau of Statistics

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Definition of key terms

Household A person of group of persons who make common provision for food or other essentials of living, and often share a common budget.

Land use

Residential formal Includes land zoned residential or occupied by formal housing.

Residential informal

Includes land occupied by any informal or unplanned settlements.

Business Refers to all commercial or industrial land, including land used largely for informal business activity.

Services Refers to land used for government buildings, school, hospitals, electricity, water and other public amenities excluding transport

Vacant Includes all land designated for development but not used for any particular purpose

Other Includes all recreational or water areas normally counted as part of the city.

Household tenure

Formal ownership Owned refers to households with a clear title or ownership(formal housing) of the house and the land they occupy, possibly through a company structure or as condominiums or strata title, or long leasehold of land.

Purchasing refer to owner-occupiers in formal housing with a formal mortgage over the property.

Tenancy Private rental is households in informal housing for with rents are paid to a private landlord who is the legal owner.

Social housing includes all households in public, parastatal or NGO-owned or operated housing, including government employee housing and housing owned or operated by co-operatives.

Sub-tenancy refers to households who are renting from household who is also renting the premises.

Squatter Squatter-without rent refers to households in squatter housing, or housing which has no title to the land on which it stands, and who pay no rent.

Squatter-with rent refers to households in squatter who pay rent.

Other Includes nomads, homeless, persons in institutions or hotels and any other tenure.

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Land tenure

Public Refers to land which is owned by the government, used or not used for public purposes

Private Refers to the exclusive possession of land by an individual or restricted group of people of the same family (couple, nuclear family, inheriting brothers and sisters, et.c)

Other Refers to all other types of land rights such as customary rights et.c.

Sources of income

Taxes Include municipal rates and levies, any local taxes on the transfer of property, and any other taxes such as entertainment or hotel taxes, motor vehicle taxes, and on business, which do not reflect the direct provision of services.

User- charges Include any local government charges for services provided, such as water, sewerage, refuse collection or building permits. Betterment levies should also be included.

Other-own source income

Includes interest and principal received, sales of capital items, (but not donations, voluntary contributions or aid).

Transfers Include formula driven payments (such as repatriation of income tax) or other grant donations from national or state governments.

Other income Includes any other income such as donations or aid.

Housing production

Defined as the net number of units produced (units produced minus units demolished) last year in both formal and informal sectors per 1000 population.

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Executive Summary

Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development has been spearheading the

development of the National Urban Policy and Strategic Urban Development Investment

Plan. It also created an Urban Indicators database in the process of developing the

National Urban Policy for Uganda aimed at monitoring the performance of the urban

Sector.

The Ministry intended and still intends to update the urban indicators database to cover

all the Municipalities, and Town Councils with current information about the key

indicators. The indicators are necessary for:

1. Monitoring of performance of the respective urban authorities.

2. Establishment of the baseline status for purposes of local and international

comparison.

3. Identification of good practices as well as key issues for policy intervention.

4. Selection of priority programmes and projects.

5. Review of progress towards achieving specific goals.

6. Assessment of impact of programs, projects and key policy interventions and

above all

7. Development of the Urban Development Strategies.

For this cause the Ministry sent out tool kits to about 174 town councils which they were

to fill and send back (via electronic means) the completed forms. To our surprise only 11

complied. Not only, did the filled forms come late but also most of them were partially

filled. For this reason the Commissioner, having looked at the data set, changed plan and

decided on working on one town, whose data form had lesser spaces as compared to the

rest and that town is Bukomero Town Council to work as a model town under this

exercise.

This report is generated based on the analysis of Bukomero Town Council data, which is

located in Kiboga district in Uganda. The objectives of the study were to update the

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National Urban Indicators Data Base and to prepare the state of the Urban Sector Report

for Uganda 2014 specifically Bukomero T.C.

A Tool kit was sent to the Bukomero Town Clerk who filled it and sent back the filled

form to the Ministry which data was then put in a data base analyzed. The data was

entered and analyzed in MS Excel.

The limitations in the entire process included delay in the receipt of feedback from the

Town Council, empty fields and unrealistic responses in the sent back tool kits among

others as indicated in Chapter one.

The analysis of findings was done for demographic features, household incomes, land

use, socio-economic development, health, education, infrastructure, transport,

environment, crime and safety, local government, and housing indicators. Out put were

presented in form of tables and charts as shown in chapter two.

The recommendations include sensitization of Town Council officers on the essence of

updating urban indicators database prior to data collection and adoption of methods

which yield quicker feedbacks from respondents like sending urban officers to the field

among others.

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Table of Contents

Foreword ................................................................................................................................................. i

Acknowledgement................................................................................................................................ iii

List of Acronyms................................................................................................................................... iv

Definition of key terms ......................................................................................................................... v

Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................. vii

List of Tables........................................................................................................................................ xii

List of figures ....................................................................................................................................... xiii

CHAPTER ONE ..................................................................................................................................... 1

1.0 Background Information ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Location ............................................................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Natural Hazards ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Weather ............................................................................................................................................ 2

1.4 Nature ............................................................................................................................................... 2

1.5 Objectives of the study..................................................................................................................... 2

1.6 Team Composition ........................................................................................................................... 2

1.7 Methodology..................................................................................................................................... 3

1.8 Limitations ....................................................................................................................................... 3

CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................................................................... 4

2.0 Analysis of the Findings .................................................................................................................. 4

2.1 Land use ............................................................................................................................................ 4

2.2 Demography .................................................................................................................................... 5

2.2.1 Population by sex .......................................................................................................................... 5

2.2.2 Population by age group in Bukomero TC .................................................................................. 6

2.2.3 Annual Population growth rate .................................................................................................... 7

2.3 Household ........................................................................................................................................ 8

2.3.1 Household size .............................................................................................................................. 8

2.3.2 Women headed household........................................................................................................... 9

2.3.3 Household formation rate ............................................................................................................ 9

2.4 Household income distribution .................................................................................................... 10

2.5 Land tenure types .......................................................................................................................... 11

2.5.1 Household tenure ........................................................................................................................ 11

2.5.2 Total Land tenure ....................................................................................................................... 12

2.6 Social- economic Development .................................................................................................... 12

2.6.1 Poor household ........................................................................................................................... 12

2.7.0 Health sector ............................................................................................................................... 13

2.7.1 Hospital beds ............................................................................................................................... 13

2.8.0 Child mortality ........................................................................................................................... 14

2.8.1 Child mortality ............................................................................................................................ 14

2.8.2 Life expectancy ........................................................................................................................... 14

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2.9.0 Education .................................................................................................................................... 15

2.9.1 Adult literacy ............................................................................................................................... 15

2.9.2 School enrollment ...................................................................................................................... 16

2.10 Crime and safety ........................................................................................................................... 17

2.11.0 Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................. 17

2.11.1 Household connection................................................................................................................ 17

2. 11.2 Access to portable water ........................................................................................................... 18

2.11.3 Infrastructure expenditure ......................................................................................................... 19

2.12.0 Transport ................................................................................................................................... 20

2.12.1 Modal split .................................................................................................................................. 20

2.12.2 Travel time, Expenditure on road infrastructure and Automobile ownership ....................... 21

2.12.3 Length of road ............................................................................................................................ 22

2.13.0 Environment .............................................................................................................................. 22

2.13.1 Waste water treated ................................................................................................................... 22

2.14.1 Solid waste generated. ............................................................................................................... 22

2.13.3 Disposal method for solid waste ............................................................................................... 23

2.14.2 Regular solid-waste collection and the housing destroyed by disasters ................................. 24

2.15.0 Local government ...................................................................................................................... 25

2.15.1 Source of income ........................................................................................................................ 25

2.15.2 Local government per capita income ....................................................................................... 26

2.15.3 Per capita capital expenditure ................................................................................................... 27

2.16 Housing in compliance ................................................................................................................ 27

CHAPTER THREE ............................................................................................................................... 29

3.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMENDATIONS ............................................................................ 29

3.1.1 Land use ........................................................................................................................................ 29

3.1.2 Population by sex......................................................................................................................... 29

3.1.3 Population by age-group ............................................................................................................. 29

3.1.4 Annual population growth rate .................................................................................................. 29

3.1.5 Household size ............................................................................................................................ 30

3.1.6 Women headed households ....................................................................................................... 30

3.1.7 Household formation rate ........................................................................................................... 30

3.1.8 Household income distribution .................................................................................................. 30

3.1.9 Household tenure ........................................................................................................................ 30

3.1.10 Total land tenure ........................................................................................................................ 31

3.1.11 Poor household ........................................................................................................................... 31

3.1.12 Informal employment ................................................................................................................ 31

3.1.13 Hospital beds .............................................................................................................................. 31

3.1.14 Child mortality ........................................................................................................................... 32

3.1.15 life Expectancy ............................................................................................................................ 32

3.1.16 Adult literacy .............................................................................................................................. 32

3.1.17 School enrollment ...................................................................................................................... 32

3.1.18 Crime and safety......................................................................................................................... 32

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3.1.19 Household connection ............................................................................................................... 32

3.1.20 Access to portable water ........................................................................................................... 33

3.1.21 Infrastructural expenditure ........................................................................................................ 33

3.1.22 Transport modal split ................................................................................................................ 33

3.1.23 Travel time, expenditure on road infrastructure and auto mobile ownership ....................... 33

3.1.24 Waste Water treated ................................................................................................................. 33

3.1.25 Solid Waste generated ............................................................................................................... 34

3.1.26 Disposal methods for solid waste ............................................................................................. 34

3.1.27 Solid waste collection ................................................................................................................ 34

3.1.28 Housing destroyed per 1000 houses ......................................................................................... 34

3.1.29 Source of income ....................................................................................................................... 34

3.1.30 Local government per capita income ....................................................................................... 35

3.1.31 Per capita expenditure ............................................................................................................... 35

3.1.32 Housing in compliance .............................................................................................................. 35

3.2.0 POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................... 35

3.2.1 Land use ....................................................................................................................................... 35

3.2.2 Population by sex ........................................................................................................................ 35

3.2.3 Population by age-group ............................................................................................................ 36

3.2.4 Annual population growth rate ................................................................................................ 36

3.2.5 Total land tenure ........................................................................................................................ 36

3.2.6 Hospital beds .............................................................................................................................. 36

3.2.7 School enrollment ....................................................................................................................... 37

3.2.8 Crime and safety ......................................................................................................................... 37

3.2.9 Household connection ............................................................................................................... 37

3.2.10 Access to portable water ........................................................................................................... 37

3.2.11 Transport modal split ................................................................................................................. 38

3.2.12 Waste Water treated ................................................................................................................. 38

3.2.13 Housing in compliance .............................................................................................................. 38

References ............................................................................................................................................ 39

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List of Tables

Table 1: women headed households in Bukomero TC ................................................................. 9

Table 2: Household formation rate ............................................................................................... 9

Table 3: Income distribution ........................................................................................................ 10

Table 4: Poor households ............................................................................................................. 12

Table 5: Informal employment ..................................................................................................... 13

Table 6: Hospital beds .................................................................................................................. 13

Table 7: Child mortality ................................................................................................................ 14

Table 8: life Expectancy ................................................................................................................ 14

Table 9: Adult literacy .................................................................................................................. 15

Table 10: Crime and safety ............................................................................................................ 17

Table 11: Access to portable water ................................................................................................ 18

Table 12: Infrastructure expenditure ............................................................................................ 19

Table 13: Length of road .............................................................................................................. 22

Table 14: Waste water treated ..................................................................................................... 22

Table 15: solid waste collection ................................................................................................... 24

Table 16: Housing destroyed per 1000 houses ............................................................................ 24

Table 17: Housing production ..................................................................................................... 28

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List of figures

AFigure 1: Land use in Bukomero TC ................................................................................................... 4

Figure 2: Population by sex for Bukomero TC ................................................................................. 6

Figure 3: Population by age group in Bukomero TC ........................................................................ 7

Figure 4: Annual population growth rate ......................................................................................... 7

Figure 5: Average household size in Bukomero TC ......................................................................... 8

Figure 6: Income distribution ......................................................................................................... 10

Figure 7: Household tenure ............................................................................................................ 11

Figure 8: Total land tenure ............................................................................................................. 12

Figure 9: School enrollment ............................................................................................................ 16

Figure 10: Household connection ................................................................................................... 18

Figure 11: Transport Modal split ...................................................................................................... 20

Figure 12: Time, Expenditure on road infrastructure and Automobile ownership ....................... 21

Figure 13: Solid waste generated ..................................................................................................... 23

Figure 14: Disposal method for solid waste .................................................................................... 23

Figure 15: Source of income ............................................................................................................. 25

Figure 16: Local government per capita income............................................................................. 26

Figure 17: per capita capital expenditure ........................................................................................ 27

Figure 18: Housing in compliance ................................................................................................... 28

1

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Background Information

1.1 Location

Bukomero Town Council is located in Kiboga district in Uganda. Kiboga is located

approximately 140 kilometers (87 miles) northwest of Kampala, Uganda's largest city, on

an all-weather tarmac highway linking Kampala to Hoima. This location lies

approximately 95 kilometers (59 miles), by road, southeast of Hoima, the center of

Uganda's petro chemical industry. The coordinates of Kiboga are: 0°55'03.0"N,

31°45'36.0"E (Latitude: 0.917500; Longitude: 31.7600).

The population of Kiboga was estimated at approximately 12,000, during the 2002

national population census. In 2010, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) estimated

the population of the town at about 16,600. In 2011, UBOS estimated the mid-year

population of Kiboga at 17,400 persons.

Bukomero TC has an average elevation of 1,213 meter above sea level. The area is mildly

densely populated with 398 people per square kilometer. The nearest town larger than

50,000 inhabitants takes about 1:36 hour by local transportation. An estimated 2.11% of

the children below 5 years old are underweight, with a mortality of 69 per 1,000 births.

1.2 Natural Hazards

Bukomero TC experiences six strong earthquakes (on average one every 50 years), with

occurrences at 5-6 Richter. When a strong earthquake occurs, it will most likely be felt by

everybody; people may be frightened and run outdoors, walk unsteadily. Windows,

dishes, glassware may be broken, and books fall off shelves. The damage will be slight.

There is a very low occurrence of periods with extreme drought. Flooding risk is high.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uganda

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampala

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoima

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoima

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1.3 Weather

February is warmest with an average temperature of 29.4 °C at noon. July is coldest with

an average temperature of 15.6 °C at night.

Bukomero TC has no distinct temperature seasons; the temperature is relatively

constant during the year. Temperatures drop sharply at night. December is on average

the month with most sunshine. Rainfall and other precipitation peaks around May and

July are driest months all around.

1.4 Nature

Bukomero has a humid (> 0.65 p/pet) climate. The land area is not cultivated; most of the

natural vegetation is still intact. The landscape is mostly covered with mosaic

vegetation/croplands. The climate is classified as a tropical savanna (winter dry season),

with a sub-tropical moist forest. The soil in the area is high in ferralsols, acrisols, nitosols,

soil composed of kaolinite and quartz, enriched in iron and aluminium oxides.

1.5 Objectives of the study.

i) To Establish Bukomero TC’s Urban Indicators Database

ii) To prepare the Bukomero Town Council Urban Sector Report for Uganda 2014

1.6 Team Composition

Name Designation Email/Telephone number

Shibuta Mabala Samuel CUD [email protected] 0772408744

Nakiguli Devine Kibuuka

Economist-UD [email protected] 0756635003

Wesigye Alex Internee [email protected] 0783171572

Kaweesi Samuel Internee [email protected] 0773931668

Kakande Fred Internee [email protected] 0758075264

mailto:[email protected]





3

Kulumba Brian Internee [email protected] 0757680681

Kemba Joseph Internee [email protected] 0703083304

1.7 Methodology

Telephone calls and emails were adopted for usage for this study. Telephone calls were

made to the Bukomero Town Clerk to inform him of the Ministry’s intension of

collecting, compiling and updating the Urban Indicators’ Database and informing him of

his required input in the program. The Town Clerk’s input was to fill the Urban

Indicators’ Toolkit. The Toolkit was sent to the Town Clerk via email.

Data collection was done using a tool kit electronically by email. Officers made follow-up

calls to remind the Town Clerk about the assignment. The town clerk filled the tool kit

and then sent back the filled form via email. The filled form was then downloaded.

Data entry and analysis was done in Microsoft office excel 2007.

1.8 Limitations

The Town Officers had inadequate knowledge about the tool kit and even the urban

indicators. We had to help an officer from Bukomero in explaining to her the entire tool

kit.

There was a delay in the receipt of feedback. This crippled the entire program since much

of the time in the study were spent waiting for feedback yet time was limited.

Some of the fields in the tool kit were not filled and hence empty fields affecting the

quality of the data analyzed.



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CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Analysis of the Findings

This chapter concentrates on the analysis of the indicators as they are categorized in the

tool kit.

2.1 Land use

Figure 1: Land use in Bukomero TC

Source: Bukomero Town Council Urban Indicators’ Survey July/2014

The Land use is measured in Square kilometers and it includes; residential, Business,

Agriculture, services, transport, vacant land and other land use in the town council. The

residential land includes all the built up land zones including open space and roads. This

is further divided in to residential formal and residential informal. Majority of the land in

the town council is occupied by informal settlements covering almost 3.5 Km2 and only 1

5

square kilometer is occupied by the formal settlement of the total land implying most of

the people live in informal or unplanned settlements

The biggest portion of the land is used for Agriculture compared to other activities in the

town council and it goes up to 32.2 km2 implying that most of the people in Bukomero

TC are much into agriculture. This is followed by other activities like recreational and

wetlands that take up to 5.8 km2. Institutional Services like government buildings,

schools, hospitals among others take the third position with a total of 5.0 km2. Transport

take up the fourth position which includes roads, railways with only 4.0 km2 and lastly

are business and vacant land which cover 2.0 km2 each.

The economic implication of this type of land use pattern is that the major economic

activity in Bukomero TC is Agriculture so if anything is to be done, should target mainly

agriculture. The vacant land also means that more development is needed in the area.

However, measures should be done to increase on the business activities for the rapid

growth of the Town Council.

2.2 Demography

Under this indicator we mainly focus on the population composition in terms of its age,

gender among other variables.

2.2.1 Population by sex

According to Uganda Urban Indicators Database 2014 Definition, Total population refers

to the number of people living in a particular area regardless of their legal status or

citizenship. The population is divided both by sex and different age groups.

According to figure 2 below, 46 percent of the population was found out to be male while

54 percent are female corresponding to 9053 and 10651 people respectively. This shows

that the population is somehow balanced when it comes to gender because the difference

between the male number and that of the female is slight at a percentage of 8%.

6

Having more males than females in the town council negatively affects agriculture since

in most cases it is women who are engaged in agriculture.

Figure 2: Population by sex for Bukomero TC


2.2.2 Population by age group in Bukomero TC

From the figure3 below, it shows that there are more people between the ages 25 to 59.

This could be mainly associated with the immigrants into the Town Council from other

nearby areas mainly for business as it’s the center of business in the area. There is also a

balance between the male and the female in the age-bracket of 5 to 14 years. Whereas

there is an imbalance between 15to 24 years, there are more female than the male. This

could be due migration to better- off towns like Kakiri, Nansana or even Kampala. The

population in the age bracket 60 and above is low which could be due to migration to

villages like Temanakali because this group is not productive or even some die. The birth

rates in the town council are also very low so the trend when it comes to birth rate is not

threatening.

7

Figure 3: Population by age group in Bukomero TC


2.2.3 Annual Population growth rate

Figure 4: Annual population growth rate


8

From figure 4, the Natural growth rate is 24% and net migration rate is 50% in the Town

Council. The implication of net migration rate is that the movement of people from in

and out of urban centre is equal and this implies that migration has no impact on the

town council. The rate at which the population is increasing naturally is threatening

because a 24 percent growth rate is too high meaning that in a short period of time

people will have encroached on the conserved land. The net migration is 50% which is

has a neutral effect on population growth. The rate at which the population of the urban

agglomeration is growing is too high. Generally the growth rate of the population in the

town council is too high and threatening so measures like family planning programmes,

migration regulation measures should be adopted.

2.3 Household

2.3.1 Household size

Figure 5: Average household size in Bukomero TC


From figure 5, the results imply that informal settlements are more than the formal

settlements. Average household size is commonly used as a measure which is affected by

9

both number of children and the existence of shared households or extended families.

On average, there are 4 people per household in the formal settlement of the Town

Council and those of the informal settlement are 10people per household and this implies

that household size is larger in informal sectors than in formal sectors meaning that the

poor in Bukomero tend to be with larger families while the rich in the area tend to have

smaller families.

2.3.2 Women headed household

According to Uganda Urban Indicators Database 2014 Definitions, a woman headed

household is one where the woman does not live with the husband. From the study, it

shows that 10% of the household in the town council are headed by the women. This

means that on every 100 households there are 10 households headed by the women.

Table 1: women headed households in Bukomero TC

% of women headed households 10


2.3.3 Household formation rate

This shows the annual growth rate of the number of households in the town council. This

stands at 2.8 per Annam in Bukomero according to table 2 below. Since the growth is at

that meaning that it’s a normal rate so the economic conditions in the town council are

just average because 2.8% is just a normal growth rate.

Table 2: Household formation rate

Household formation rate (%) 2.8


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2.4 Household income distribution

The household income distribution is divided into five quintile such that the each

quintile is 20% of the income. From figure 6 below, we can see that the income disparity

from one quintile to another is 0.16. This means that the incomes of the households tend

to be at a stable level because a 0.16 is a small disparity. Further more according to the

figure, the households in the first quintile have a higher income as compared to other

quintiles.The trend is however threatening because its down ward sloping as the year

goes on.Meaning that most of the households lie in the first quintile hence earn less

income

Figure 6: Income distribution


Extracted results below;

Table 3: Income distribution

Average income US$7.0265

Median income US$4.8075

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From the extracted results, it shows that the average income of all the households in

Bukomero is 7.0265 dollars a year ans the median income is 4.8075 dollars a year.

2.5 Land tenure types

2.5.1 Household tenure

This can be defined by the mode at which land is owned or held or the rate of

relationships among people concerning the use of land. According to figure 7 below, the

biggest part of the land is under formal ownership, constituting 56 percent of the total

land in the town council. The tenants who pay for the use of the land take up the second

position with a percentage of 29.The squatters take up 12 percent of the total land while

the nomads, homeless, people in institutions or hotels and other tenure types cover 3

percent of the land. The biggest part of the land is under formal ownership simply

because most of the land is owned on family basis (extended families) hence this could

be the reason why the business activities in the town council are few. The tenants take

the second position. These people pay for the use of the land from the land owners

(landlords)

Figure 7: Household tenure


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2.5.2 Total Land tenure

Figure 8 below shows the total land ownership in Bukomero Town council. It was

observed that the largest land in the Town is owned by the private individuals or

restricted group of people taking up to 61% of the total land. This is followed by the

public whose structures and purposes cover 37% of the total land; lastly it’s the 2% that is

covered by all other land rights such as customary rights. Since people have exclusive

ownership of their land, then they use it for whatever they want.

Figure 8: Total land tenure


2.6 Social- economic Development

2.6.1 Poor household

Table 4: Poor households

Household 8229

Poor house holds 1318

Poor Women headed households 75


13

Since by 2002 Bukomero Town Council was not in existence, the only data that is

available is for only 2014.There is a total of 8229 households in Bukomero of which 1318

are poor households s. Out of the 1318, there are 75 poor households headed by the

women in the Town Council.

2.6.2 Informal employment

Informal sector includes all persons employed in all unregistered commercial and non-

commercial enterprises that have no formal structure in terms of organization (Uganda

Urban Indicators Database Definitions 2014). From the table below, 80 percent of the

people in the Town Council are employed informally meaning that out of every 10 people

met, 8 of them are employed under the informal sector.

Table 5: Informal employment

Informal employment 80%


2.7.0 Health sector 2.7.1 Hospital beds This includes all the number of hospital beds both in private and public hospitals. This is

shown in the table below.

Table 6: Hospital beds

No of Public hospital beds 50

No of Private hospital beds 10

Total 60

Number of persons per bed 328.4


From the above, there are 50 beds in the public hospitals while those in the private

hospitals are only 10. Therefore out of the total population of 19704 people in the town,

on average each bed accommodates a number of 328.4 people. However this can

14

symbolize that there is need to increase on the number of hospitals and the beds in the

Town Council.

2.8.0 Child mortality


This indicator mainly looks at the children that die before their fifth birth day but above

the first birthday. (Uganda Urban Indicators Database Definitions 2014)

Table 7: Child mortality

Gender Mortality in percentage (%)

Female 3

Male 5

Total 8


From table 7 above, it was found out that on every 100 girls(female) 3 of them die before

celebrating their fifth birthday while on every 100 boys(male) 5 die before the fifth birth

day in a year. Therefore out of every 100 children in the Town Council above one year but

less than five years 8 of them die. However the male die more than the female standing at

5 percent and 3 percent respectively in a year.

2.8.2 Life expectancy

According to Uganda Urban Indicators Database Definitions 2014, life expectance at

birth is defined as the number of years a new born infant would live if the prevailing

patterns of mortality at the time of birth remain the same throughout the child’s life.

Table 8: life Expectancy

Life Expectancy (years)

Male Female Average

57 59 58


15

Table 8 above indicate that the life expectancy of females(59 years) is more bthan that of

males(57years) meannig that on average a woman lives for 2 more years than a man. This

could be becaues generally women take good care of themselves for example by eating

good meals, using good skin care products for their skins among others while men often

wear them selves working the welfare of their families. Probably the government of

uganda could sensitize men to as well care about themselves visa vis their families

2.9.0 Education

This indicator mainly looks at the schools generally, that is, adult literacy, school

enrollment ratio, and the number of class rooms.

2.9.1 Adult literacy

Under this indicator we are trying to look at the percentage of the person’s age 15 years

and above who can both read and write a short simple statement on their everyday life.

Table 9: Adult literacy

Gender Adult literacy rate (%)

Male 50

Female 33.2

Total 83.2


In reference to table 9 above, it was observed that 50 percent of the male were literate

out of the total population of the adults in the town council. Meaning that n every 10

males found, 5 of them are literate but there are only 33.2 percent of the female that are

literate which simply means that out of every 10 female met, only 3 are literate. There is a

big gap between the literate male and the female so much is needed to close the gap

between the two groups. However, the adult literates constitute 83.2 percent of the total

population of the adults in the town council

16

2.9.2 School enrollment

This indicator looks at the number of students, by sex, enrolled in a level of education

whether or not they belong in the relevant age group for that level, as a percentage of the

population in the relevant group for that level. From figure 9 below, 80 percent are

enrolled in the primary level, 30 percent are enrolled in the secondary level while only 3

percent are enrolled in the tertiary level of education. However, the average rate of

school enrollment stands at only 37.7 percent in the town council which is below average

meaning that few people seek education.

Figure 9: School enrollment


Since there are few class rooms, there is great need for construction of new class room

blocks in the Town Council.

17

2.10 Crime and safety

Under this indicator, we will look at the reported crimes (number of victims, male and

female annually per 1000 population).

Table 10: Crime and safety

Crimes Number of victims per 1000

Murders 1

Thefts 219

Rape 2


From table10 above, it was found out that, out of 1000 victims observed only 1 is charged

with murder, 219 victims are charged over theft and only 2 out of 1000 are charged with

rape. Therefore most of the crimes are mainly in theft related cases. This could be due to

unemployment which makes people to resort to stealing for a living. Therefore the

government of Uganda should establish measures that reduce the unemployment rate for

example by emphasizing on vocational training in order to release job creator graduates

other than job seekers in the labour market.

2.11.0 Infrastructure

Percentage of households directly (in their house or dwelling) connected to water,

sewerage, electricity and telephone. These are the primary indicators of access by

households to the principal networked services.

2.11.1 Household connection

Here we look at the percentage of households directly connected to water, sewage,

electricity and Telephone. The figure 10 below is developed based on a time series

information basically after 22 years but since by then there was no Bukomero Town

Council so the only information provided is for 2002 and 2014.Basing on telephone

connection, in 2002 there were only 20 percent households connected but there has been

a sharp increase to 50 percent of the household connection. This means that on every 10

18

households found, 5 have telephone connection. The electricity connection is still low

from 10 percent in 2002 to 30 percent in 2014.This is however a very low rate because it is

below the average. However water connection is very poor in the Town Council with 20

percent of the households from 5 percent in 2002.There is no sewage connection in the

Town Council.

Figure 10: Household connection


Bukomero as a Town Council was not in existence by 2002. Telephone connection has

the highest percentage (50%) followed by electricity (30%) and then water (20%)

2. 11.2 Access to portable water

This is defined as the daily household consumption of water per person in m3 (or 1000

liters) Consumption of water per person depends on the availability and price of water,

the climate, and the uses to which water is customarily put by individuals (drinking,

bathing, washing, and gardening). Consumption only includes household use (excludes

industrial and agricultural use) in the Town Council.

Table 11: Access to portable water

Year Access to portable water (%)

2014 20

19

2002 5

1992 No data


The trend in which portable water has been made accessible to the people has been

increasing over time as shown in table 11 above. Connection in 1992 is not known. In

2002, the accessibility rose to 5% and in 2014 the accessibility stands at 20 percent.

However this access is still too low meaning that at every 10 households only 2

households have access to the portable water.

2.11.3 Infrastructure expenditure

Defined as the ratio of total expenditures in US dollars by all levels of government

(including private utilities and parastatals) on infrastructure services during the current

year, and the urban population. Infrastructure includes operations, maintenance, and

capital expenditures on physical infrastructure such as urban roads, railways, sewerage,

drainage, water supply, electricity, and garbage collection, but not social infrastructure

such as health and education expenditure.

Table 12: Infrastructure expenditure

Total expenditure on infrastructures US $6250

Total population 19704

Infrastructure per capita 3.5264


Infrastructure expenditure includes all the expenses incurred by the government

including operation, maintenance and capital expenditure on physical infrastructure. On

a total of 19704 people, US$6250 is spent on infrastructures of which the per capita

infrastructure expenditure is 3.5264 US Dollars

20

2.12.0 Transport

2.12.1 Modal split

Proportion of work trips undertaken by the modes below. Several modes could be used

for the same work trip. The main mode should be accounted for only. Private cars

include any motorised vehicle exclusively used for private purposes. Bus or minibus

includes road vehicles other than cars taking passengers on a fare paying basis. Other

includes ferry, taxi, animal or rickshaw.

Under this indicator, we are looking at the various modes of transport that are used by

the people for the work trips. The highest ranked under this are the non-motorized that

include bicycles and walking taking up 20 and 35 percent respectively meaning that

people mainly use non-motorized means. This is followed by the private motorized

means which include motorcycles and private cars. In this category, 20 percent used

motorcycles while 5 percent use private cars for work trips. In the third place we have the

buses and minibuses where the people usages of minibuses stand at 20 percent while that

of the buses is 0 percent. There are no people in the town council that use trains and

trams for their work trips.

Figure 11: Transport Modal split


21

The biggest percentages of the workers walk to work (35%), followed by 30% who use

motorcycles.

2.12.2 Travel time, Expenditure on road infrastructure and Automobile ownership

According to Uganda Urban Indicators Database Definitions 2014, Travel time is the

average time in minutes for a one-way trip, Expenditure on road infrastructure is the per

capita expenditure in US dollars on roads while the automobile ownership is the ratio of

automobiles to 1000 population. According to figure12 below it only takes 30 minutes for

a person to reach the work place, the total number of automobiles is 150 per 1000 people

in the town councils and the per capita expenditure on the roads is 0.756 dollars.

Therefore much should be done to improve on the transport in the Town Council to

reduce the time spent on work trips for example most of the people walk to work

therefore by introducing the buses and even minibuses can help to reduce the time spent

on the work trip.

Figure 12: Time, Expenditure on road infrastructure and Automobile ownership


22

2.12.3 Length of road

This indicator looks at the how long the roads are (length of roads) in the town council

and it measures them in kilometers.

Table 13: Length of road

Year Length of roads( kilometers)

2014 75


From table13 above, the length of the roads in Bukomero are 75 kilometers meaning that

the transport is made easier as time goes by making the transportation of agricultural

products easier.

2.13.0 Environment

This involves waste water treated, solid waste generated, disposal methods for solid

waste, regular solid-waste collection and housing destroyed by disasters.

2.13.1 Waste water treated

This looks at percentage of waste water undergoing treatment in the Town Council that

includes primary, secondary and tertiary treatment. In reference to table 14 below, the

percentage of waste water under treatment was found out to be 5 percent in 2014.

Table 14: Waste water treated

Year Wastewater treated (%)

2014 5

Source: survey carriedout in Bukomero Town Council

2.14.1 Solid waste generated.

This indicator looks at the solid waste generated per person in cubic meters and tones

per annum From the figure 13 below, the volume wastes was 2.4 cubic meters per year

and the weight of the wastes was 0.10 tones per year. Due to the development and

23

increase in the economic activities in the town council, the volume and weight of the

wastes has increased as compared to that I the 2002. The volume is 4 cubic meters while

the weight is 0.10 tones per year per person.

Figure 13: Solid waste generated


2.13.3 Disposal method for solid waste

Proportion of solid wastes by weight disposed to the categories below: Sanitary landfill, Incinerated (in incineration plants), Open dump, Recycled, Burned (openly) among others.

Figure 14: Disposal method for solid waste


24

According to figure 14 above, it was found out that there were no proper method of

disposal that were used in 2002 that is why the sanitary lands fill and open dump stand at

0 percent. In 2014, sanitary landfill stand at 50 percent, open dump is at 30 percent and

the burned (openly) take up 20 percent however there is no use of incinerators and

recycling in the town. There are some corrections that should be made on the way wastes

are disposed off for example hospital wastes should disposed in incinerators because they

are contagious and harmful to people. Recycling of waste has a great potential and need

to be promoted in the Town council.

2.14.2 Regular solid-waste Collection and the Housing Destroyed by Disasters

These two indicators, one looks at the proportion of households enjoying regular waste

collection that is the regular solid-waste collection and the housing destroyed by

disasters.

Table 15: solid waste collection

Households with regular solid-waste collection(% of

households)

80


This means that out of every 100 houses in the town council, 80 of them regularly collect

their solid- waste either by dump masters or to the carry garbage.

Housing Destroyed in the last ten years

This is defined as the proportion of housing stock destroyed per thousand by natural or

man-made disasters over the past ten years. This indicator measures the exposure of the

housing stock to disasters and its ability to withstand these disasters.

Table 16: Housing destroyed per 1000 houses

Housing destroyed per 1000 houses(last 10 years) 20


25

In the past ten years, 20 houses in Bukomero have been destroyed by storm, bush fire or

earth quake.

2.15.0 Local government

This is a form of quasi-government organization which exists to deliver services locally.

The Town Council has only one local government unit in existence.

2.15.1 Source of income

Figure 15: Source of income


This cover the percentage revenue in each category including taxes ,user charges

including any local charges for services provided such as water refuse collection and

building permits ,other own sources including interest and principal received , and sales

of capital items ,any local taxes on the transfer of property ,other incomes including any

income such as donation or aid `and borrowing including loans . The local government

of the town council gets a big percentage of its revenue from other own source income

include the interest and principal received at 50% than other sources of revenue.

26

2.15.2 Local government per capita income

Figure 16: Local government per capita income


Per capita income includes the capital in us dollars and averaged over the last three years.

In 2012 the per capita income was US $558.139, in 2013, the per capita income was US

$744.185 (i.e. with an increment of US $186.045 per capita income from the previous year)

and the per capita income for 2014 is US $930.23(i.e. with an increment of US $186.045 per

capita income from the previous year) implying that the increment of the per capita

income for both years (i.e2013 and 2014) are approximately the same (i.e. US $186.045.)

The 3 years average i.e. (2012-14) is US $744.185 which is equivalent to per capita income

of the year 2013.

27

Figure 17: per capita capital expenditure


2.15.3 Per capita capital expenditure

This concerns the capital expenditure in US dollars per person, by a local government and

Averaged over the last three years.

In reference to figure 17 above, in 2012 the per capita expenditure was US $697.614 which

was low. For the year2013, the per capita expenditure was US $ 1023.255 (i.e. with an

increment of US $325.641 per capita expenditure from the previous year), and the per

capita expenditure for the year 2014 is US $1162.79 (i.e. with an increment of US $139.535

per capita expenditure from the previous year) and on 3 year average the per capita

expenditure is US $961.219.

2.16 Housing in compliance

This indicator refers to urban housing, and measures the extent to which the urban

population is housed legally. Only housing which both has a clear title to the land on

28

which it stands, and which is constructed with all required building, land use, or land

subdivision permits is regarded as in compliance. The housing compliance in 2014 and

2002 is 10 % and 5%respectively the implication is that houses in 2014 have more clear

title to the land on which it stands compared to those of 2002.

Figure 18: Housing in compliance


Table 17: Housing production

This concerns the number of dwellings produced annually, both formal and informal per

1000 population

Formal housing

produced(000)

informal housing

produced(000)

Total

241 976 1217


As shown in table 17 above, informal housing produced 976000 while formal produced were

241000 units.

29

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMENDATIONS ON THE FINDINGS

3.1.1 Land use

The biggest portion of land Bukomero Town council is used for agriculture(32.2Km2),

followed by other activities (5.8Km2) which include recreational or water areas , followed

by services(5Km2) which include land for government buildings, schools, hospitals,

electricity, water and other public amenities excluding transport , Transport covers 4Km2

and then Residential informal covers 3.5Km2 as referenced from figure 1.


As shown in figure 2, the biggest percentage of people in Bukomero Town Council is

females constituting 54% while the males constitute 46% of the Town Council.

3.1.3 Population by age-group

The biggest numbers of people in Bukomero are those in the age bracket of 25-59 years,

followed by those in the 15-24 years and 5-14 years. Those in 0-4 and 60+ years are the

minority in the town council as shown in figure 3. Meaning that the vulnerable

population is low. The working age is dominant.

3.1.4 Annual population growth rate

According to figure 4, the annual population natural growth rated is 24% and the net

migration rate is 50%.

30

3.1.5 Household size

In reference to figure 5, it is shown that the informal settlement is more than the formal

settlements.

3.1.6 Women headed households

Table1 shows that the percentage of women headed households in the town council is

10%. This means that 10% of the households are headed by women in the Town council.

3.1.7 Household formation rate

The household formation rate is 208% as shown in table 2. This implies that the annual

rate of growth of numbers of households is 2.8%.

3.1.8 Household income distribution

Form table3, it is shown that the average income of the people is Us$7.0265 and the

median income is US$4.807.

3.1.9 Household tenure

In Bukomero, as shown in 7, the biggest percentage of household tenure is formal

ownership(56%) which include owned which refer to households with a clear title or

ownership of the house and land they occupy and purchasing which refer to owner-

occupiers in formal housing with a formal mortgage over the property.

Tenancy is the second with 29%. Tenancy comprises of private rental which refer to

households in (formal) housing for which rents are paid to a private land lord who is the

legal owner, social housing which includes all households in public, parastatal or NGO-

owned or operated housing including government employee housing and housing owned

or operated by co-operatives; and sub-tenancy which refers to households who are

renting from another household who is renting the premises.

31

12% of the households are squatters. Squatters comprise of squatter- without rent which

refers to households in squatter housing, or housing which has no title to the land on

which it stands, and who pays no rent; and squatter-with rent which refers to

households in squatter housing who pay no rent.

3% of the households are in other tenure which includes nomads, homeless, and persons

in institutions or hotels among others.

3.1.10 Total land tenure

The biggest percentage of the land tenure private(61%) meaning that most of the land is

exclusively possessed by an individual or restricted group of people of the same

family(couple, nuclear family, inheriting brothers or sisters and so on). 37% of the land is

owned by the government, used for public purposes and 2% of the land is other tenure

such as other land rights like customary rights among others as shown in figure 8.

3.1.11 Poor household

According to table 4, the number of poor households in Bukomero is 8229 Household

and poor women headed households are 75 households.

3.1.12 Informal employment

Table 5 reveals that out of every 10 people in the Town Council, 8 of them are employed

in the informal sector.

3.1.13 Hospital beds

There is a total of 60 hospital bed in Bukomero Town Council as shown in table 6. Out of

the 60 beds, 50 are in public hospital whereas 10 are in private hospitals.

32


The female child mortality (3%) in the Town Council is lower than the male child

mortality (5%) and the total child mortality is 8% as shown in table 7. Out of 100 births 8

of them die before their 5th birth day.

3.1.15 life Expectancy

Women in Bukomero live longer than their male counterparts by 2 years and the average

life expectancy of the people in the Town councils is 58 years as shown in table 8.

3.1.16 Adult literacy

From table 9, male adult literacy rate (50%) is greater than the female adult literacy

(33.2%) by 16.8%. the total adult literacy rate is 83.2% meaning that out of 10 adults, 8 of

them are literate.


The school enrollment is in primary level 80%, in secondary level it is 30% and tertiary

enrollment is 3% and the average enrollment is 37.7% a shown in figure 9. This

percentage is very low meaning few people go to schools.

3.1.18 Crime and safety

Out of 1000 crime victims in the Town Council, 1 is a victim of murder, 219 are victims of

theft and 2 are victims of rape as shown in table 10. This shows a high rate of theft in the

Town Council.


In reference to figure 10, in 2002, 20% of households were connected with Telephone,

10% with Electricity, and about 5% with water while in 2014 50% were connected with

Telephone, 30% with Electricity and 20% with water. There is no household connected

33

with sewerage since 2002. This data shows that there is an improvement in household

connection.

3.1.20 Access to portable water

In 2002 accessibility to portable water was at 5% and in 2014 it rose to 20% as shown in

table11. This means that out of 10 households, 2 have access to portable water in the Town

Council. The situation is really alarming.

3.1.21 Infrastructural expenditure

On a total of 19704 people in the Town council, US$6250 is spent on infrastructures of

which the per capita infrastructure expenditure is 3.5264 US Dollars as shown in table 12.

3.1.22 Transport modal split

As shown in figure 11, the biggest percentage of workers walk to work(35%), followed by

those who use motor cycles(30%), bicycles (20%), minibuses (10%) and 5% use private

cars. No one uses train, tram and neither bus.

3.1.23 Travel time, expenditure on road infrastructure and auto mobile ownership

It takes 30 minutes for a person to reach his or her place of work. The total number of

automobiles per 1000 population is 150 and the per capita expenditure on road is

US$0.756 in the Town Council as shown in figure 12.

3.1.24 Waste Water treated

In reference to table 14, the percentage of waste water under treatment is 5 percent in the

Town Council. This percentage is low and there is need for more to be done.

34

3.1.25 Solid Waste generated

As shown in figure 13, in 2002 the solid waste generated had a volume of 2.4m3/per/year

and a weight of 0.1 tonnes/per/year whereas in 2014 it rose to 4m3/per/year and 0.18

tonnes/per/year respectively.

3.1.26 Disposal methods for solid waste

In Bukomero Town Council, 50% of the solid waste is disposed by using sanitary fill, 30%

in open dump and 20% is openly burned. No incinerators are used and neither recycling

is done as well illustrated in figure14.

3.1.27 Solid waste collection

In the Town Council, 80% of households are involved in regular solid waste collection as

shown in table 15. This is a good percentage meaning that there is better disposal of

cabbage in Bukomero.

3.1.28 Housing destroyed per 1000 houses

20 houses have been destroyed per 1000 houses in the last ten years in the Town Council

as shown in table 16. These houses were destroyed by storms, bush fires and earth quake.

3.1.29 Source of income

The biggest source of income in Bukomero is other-own sources (50%) which include

interest and principals received sales of capital items among others. Taxes in the Town

Council carry 30% of the income which include municipal rates and levies, any local taxes

on the transfer of property and any other taxes such as entertainment or hotel taxes,

motor vehicle taxes, and taxes on business, other income which include donations or aid

constitute 13%, user charges take 4% which include any local government charges for

services provided such as water, sewerage, refuse collecting or building permits,

betterment levies should be included, transfers contribute 2% which include formula

driven payments such as repatriation of income or other grant donations from national

35

or state government. And borrowing contributes 1% of the town council’s income as

shown in figure 15.

3.1.30 Local government per capita income

In Figure 16, the trend line shows that the per capita income increased form US$558.139

in 2012 to US$744.185 in 2013 which rose to US$930.23 in 2014.

3.1.31 Per capita expenditure

As referenced from figure 17, Per capita expenditure of Bukomero increased from

US$697.614 in 2012 to US$1023.255 in 2013 and further increased to US$1162.79 in 2014.

This implies a continuous increase in expenditure over the years.

3.1.32 Housing in compliance

The Housing in compliance in the Town Council increased from 5% to 10% in 2002 and

2014 respectively as shown in figure 17. This shows that in 2014 only 10% of the housing

stock are in compliance with the current regulations (authorized housing).

3.2.0 POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS

3.2.1 Land use

As shown in figure1 the biggest percentage of the land is used for agriculture, therefore

the government of Uganda should pass legislations that favour the agricultural activities.

The government should create invectives for agriculture such as tax holidays on

agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizer among others.


The biggest percentage of people in Bukomero is females (54%). This could probably be

due to the high mortality rates of men among other reasons. As revealed in land us

above, that agriculture is the major land use activity and most often it is women are

36

dominant in agriculture, therefore The government of Uganda should promote

agriculture in the Town council.

3.2.3 Population by age-group

People in the age bracket of 25-59 are the dominant age group ij the Town Council then

followed by those in 15-24 age groups. The population is dominated by the youth who are

labour force and the young and very old are the minority, therefore the government of

Uganda should pass policies geared at catering the needs of the labour such as

employment among others.

3.2.4 Annual population growth rate

The government of Uganda should sensitize the resident in the Town Council on the

importance of a small family and the impacts of an over populated country such that they

could produce few children as the natural growth of the population is at 24%.

3.2.5 Total land tenure

The biggest patch of land tenure is privately possessed which may lead to problems of

absentee landlord who hinder development of the land. The government of Uganda

therefore should revise the land tenure system to give potential land users to use it for

production.

3.2.6 Hospital beds

The number of persons per bed in the Town Council is 328. This data shows that the

situation in the hospital is alarming due to congestion. The government of Uganda

should allocate more funds to the health sector for the purchase of hospital beds.

37


Statistics have revealed that School enrollment rate in the Town Council is 37.7% which

is a very low percentage. This shows that few people actually go to schools. The

government of Uganda should sensitize parents to send their children to school.

More so since the class rooms are few, the government also needs to allocate more funds

to the Education Ministry to cater for the construction of new class rooms blocks in the

Town council and the construction of new class rooms mean more teachers will also be

required.

3.2.8 Crime and safety

The theft in the Town Council is a bit threatening so the Police should make more

enforcement to harmonize the situation.


It is only 30% of households connected with Electricity. Thus the Government’s

campaign of rural Electrification should be fueled to cover atlesat one major trading

centre in a sub county.

There is also need for sewerage connection in the Town Council because data reveals that

there is so far no connection.

3.2.10 Access to portable water

The government of Uganda should establish projects aimed at setting water point or

boreholes or any other source of water for the residents in the town council because

statistics have shown that accessibility to portable water stands at 20%.

38

3.2.11 Transport modal split

In the Town Council most people walk to work or use motorcycle or bicycles. The

government of Uganda should purchase buses for worker to use for their work trips as

this would probably reduce on the travel time to work place.

3.2.12 Waste Water treated

Only 5% of the waste water is treated in the Town Council, therefore the Government of

Uganda should set up priority programmes to cater for the waste water treatment.

3.2.13 Housing in compliance

Only 10% of the housing stocks in the Town Council are in compliance with the current

regulations (authorized housing). This show there is a big problem in Urban Planning of

the Town Council. The ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development should co-

ordinate with Local Government to properly plan for urban centers.

39

References

Bukomero Town Council Urban Indicators Database 2014.

www.chinci.com.

UN Habitat Global Urban Indicators Database

Bukomero Town Council comprehensive five year development plan.

http://www.chinci.com/

bukomero town council urban indicators report 2014

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