bsee gas handling option for producing associated gas from deep water in gom
TRANSCRIPT
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
1
Gas Handling Options for
Associated Gas in DeepwaterDevelopments in the Gulf of
Mexico
Project for theMinerals Management Service
by
Offshore Technology Research Centerwith assistance of
Offshore Operators Committee
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
2
Gas Handling Option Study
Gas FlangeOil Flange
Shuttle
Tanker
Gas
Pipeline
FPSO
Gas
HandlingOptions
Gas Product Ports
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
3
Agenda
Time Subject Topic Presenter
12:30 RegistrationWelcome & Background Skip Ward - OTRCMMS Objectives & Perspective Paul Martin - MMS1:00 – 1:15 IntroductionOOC Perspective & Role Allen Verret - OOC
1:15 – 1:40 Summary of Overall Study Plan Skip Ward
1:40 – 2:00 Overview of Gas Handling Technologies in Study Skip Mick - Paragon2:00 – 2:35
Technology Assessment Goals &Metrics
Paul MartinSkip Ward
2:35 – 3:05 Break3:05 – 3:25 Study Scenarios Dave Saylor - Unocal3:25 – 3:55 Workshops – Format & Processes Andy Wolford - AJW+3:55 – 4:05
Study Plan
Project Schedule & Final Report Skip Ward
4:05 – 4:20 IndustryParticipants
Participant Needs, Roles,Opportunities
Allen Verret
4:20 – 4:30 Closure Skip Ward4:30 Adjourn
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
4
Steering Committee• Offshore Technology
Research Center/TAMU
– Skip Ward
– Stuart Scott
• A.J. Wolford Associates
– Andy Wolford• Paragon Engineering
– Skip Mick
• Minerals ManagementService – Bill Hauser
– Russell Hoshman
– B.J. Kruse
• Offshore Operators Committee
– Allen Verret
– Larry Golson (ChevronTexaco)
– Rick Meyer (Shell)
– Eric Nelson (ExxonMobil)
– Larry Yoho (Marathon)
– Joe Fontenot (Ocean Energy)
– David Saylor (Unocal)
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
5
MMS Objectives
• Complete objective technical assessment of
technology options for handling gas associated withfor deepwater oil & gas developments in the GOM
• Assessment to focus on oil developments with
associated gas
• Assessment results to be used by MMS
– Reviews readiness & safety of gas handing options
proposed for deepwater development projects
– Studies pertaining to deepwater oil & gas developments
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
6
MMS Objectives
Provide study information & results to –
• the MMS, USCG & other government
agencies
• public (awareness of alternativetechnologies for deepwater GOM gas
development)
• oil & gas industry and technology partners
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
7
GAS HANDLING KICK OFF
MEETING 3-25-03
CHALLENGES FOR INDUSTRY CHALLENGES FOR INDUSTRY
•• Accelerate Field Developments Accelerate Field Developments
•• Lower Lifting CostsLower Lifting Costs
••
Continue to Lower Incident andContinue to Lower Incident and Accident Rates Accident Rates
•• Improve CommunicationImprove Communication
••
Deploy Enabling Technology SolutionsDeploy Enabling Technology Solutions•• Enhance Existing Tools and ProcessesEnhance Existing Tools and Processes
•• Cope with a Shrinking Resource BaseCope with a Shrinking Resource Base
••
Compete in a Global Effort to SupplyCompete in a Global Effort to SupplyEnergy to a Changing WorldEnergy to a Changing World
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
8
GAS HANDLING KICK OFF
MEETING 3-25-03
Industry Perspective and RoleIndustry Perspective and Role•• Industry has been studying alternativeIndustry has been studying alternativegas handing processes for quite somegas handing processes for quite sometime.time.
•• Infrastructure is a key element ofInfrastructure is a key element ofsuccessful gas distribution systems.successful gas distribution systems.
•• Deepwater environment providesDeepwater environment provides
substantial challenges to operating gassubstantial challenges to operating gastransmission systems.transmission systems.
•• Industry can and should provideIndustry can and should provide
feedback to MMS and OTRC on thefeedback to MMS and OTRC on thestudy being undertaken.study being undertaken.
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
9
GAS HANDLING KICK OFF
MEETING 3-25-03
Industry Perspective and RoleIndustry Perspective and Role
ContinuedContinued•• Participation by operators in the OTRCParticipation by operators in the OTRC
organized and managed workshops will helporganized and managed workshops will helpfacilitate meeting study goals and objectivesfacilitate meeting study goals and objectivesand accelerating roll out of availableand accelerating roll out of availableinformation concerning those options.information concerning those options.
•• A proactive industry response to study goals A proactive industry response to study goalshas been endorsed by the Offshore Operatorshas been endorsed by the Offshore OperatorsCommittee.Committee.
•• Interaction by operator representatives in theInteraction by operator representatives in the
early stages of the study planning has beenearly stages of the study planning has beenencouraged and supported.encouraged and supported.
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
10
Summary of Study Plan
Skip Ward
OTRC
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
11
Gas Handling Options
• Study to consider – Pipelines
– LNG – Liquefied Natural Gas – CNG – Compressed Natural Gas
– GTL – Gas-to-Liquid Products
– Injection – GTW – Gas to Wire (offshore power generation)
– Gas to Solids (hydrates)
– Others• Pipelines to be considered as the baseline in
assessing options
Gas Handling
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
12
Gas Handling
Option
DescriptionsTransport
CNG
Chemical
Conversion
LoadChemicals
Unload
Dehydration
Chiller
Treater
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Power Plant
Gas Pipeline
Power Plant
-1
GasPipeline
Product Pipeline
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
Source : High
Pressure Separator
1200 psi, 100
Delivery Point &
Process Efficiency
MetricOption
LNG
CNG
GTL
GTW
Pipe
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
ConditionFeedstock
ConditionFeedstock
ConditionFeedstock
ConditionFeedstock
Subsea HVDC CableCondition
Feedstock
ReservoirINJ Deferred Gas Production
Gas
Handling
Options
ConditionFeedstockn
BTU
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
13
Technical Assessment Metrics
• Technical, Commercial, & RegulatoryFeasibility & Readiness
• HSE
• Costs (CAPEX, OPEX)
• Process Efficiency
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
14
Study ProcessFJ M A M J J A S O N D J F M
StudyDesign
Mtg
Workshops PL CNG LNG GTL INJ Other
Complete Assessment
FinalReport
FinalProjectMeeting
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
15
OverviewGas Handling Technologies
Skip Mick
Paragon
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
16
Gas Handling Options
• Alternatives to consider
– Pipeline
– Injection
– LNG – Liquefied Natural Gas
– CNG – Compressed Natural Gas
– GTL – Gas-to-Liquids
– GTW – Gas to Wire (offshore power generation)
– Gas to Solids (hydrates, e.g.) – Others
• Pipeline to be considered as the baseline in assessing
options
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
17
Gas Handling Options
LNG
Defer prod. until feasible
(economically, technically,
capacity available)Injection
Store gas as fuel to
extend production
Enhance oil production
(pressure maintenance)
Pipeline
Other
Produced Gasfrom
Oil + Associated
Gas Development
Use of gas for
enhanced oil
production is areservoir
development
decision
CNG
GTL (MeOH, Syncrude, etc)
Power
“Floating”
ProductionSystem
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
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POINTS AB Gas Process / gas product offtake
(via Turret or alternate method)
Mooring / Vessel
INTERFACE
Turret
OIL PROCESS
VESSEL
A
B
C
Gas Process
Study Participants to establish KeySystem Interfaces & Requirements
Source: High Pressure
Separator 1,200 psig
100 deg. F
Vessel / Gas Process
C
Assume an FPSO development,
using parameters from EIS/CRA
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
19
Technical Assessment Metrics
• Technical, Commercial, and
Regulatory Feasibility & Readiness
• HSE
• Costs (CAPEX, OPEX)
• Process Efficiency
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
20
Transport
Delivery Point &
Process Efficiency
Metric
Source : High
Pressure Separator
1200 psi, 100
CNG
LNG
CNG
Chemical
Conversion
LoadChemicalsGTL Unload
GTW
Pipe Dehydration
Chiller
Treater
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
ConditionFeedstock
Power Plant
Gas Pipeline
Power Plant
-1
GasPipeline
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
ConditionFeedstock
ConditionFeedstock
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
nBTU
Product PipelineConditionFeedstock
Subsea HVDC CableConditionFeedstock
Reservoir INJ Deferred Gas Production
Gas Handling
Options to
Consider
ConditionFeedstockn
BTU n
BTU
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
21
Technology (“Process”) Steps
CNG
LNG
CNG
Chemical
Conversion
LoadChemicalsGTL Unload
GTW
Pipe
Dehydration
Feedstock
Conditioning
FeedstockConditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Chiller
Treater
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Feedstock
Conditioning
Power Plant
Feedstock
ConditioningINJ Reservoir Deferred Gas Production
Gas
Handling
Options
Gas Pipeline
Power Plant
-
Gas
Pipeline
Product Pipeline
n
n
n
n
n
n
CNG
LNG
CNG
Chemical
Conversion
LoadChemicalsGTL Unload
Subsea HVDC CableGTW
Pipe
Dehydration
Feedstock
Conditioning
FeedstockConditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Chiller
Treater
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Feedstock
Conditioning
Power PlantPower Plant
Feedstock
ConditioningINJ Reservoir Deferred Gas Production
Gas
Handling
Options
Gas Pipeline
Power PlantPower Plant
-
Gas
Pipeline
Product Pipeline
11
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
D e h y
d r a t
i o n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r
t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e s
S t a t
e
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
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Gas Handling Project
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Pipeline Process• Compression
• Dehydration
- Treating
• Compression- Raw Gas Liquids Product
• Pipeline for Transportation
• Gas Processing Plant
- NGL Recovery & Fractionated Liquid Products
• Gas Delivered to Existing Infrastructure
Source: High Pressure
Separator 1200 psi, 100 F
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Gas Handling Project
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LNG Processes• Gas Conditioning
- Raw Gas Liquids Product
• Dehydration
- Treating
• Liquefaction Processes
• Tanker for Transport
- LNG Storage and Loading Terminal- LNG Receiving and Storage Terminal
• Regasification
• Gas Delivered to Existing Infrastructure
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LNG OptionFrom HP Separator
1200 psi, 100
Regasification
Dehydration
& NGL
Recovery and
Stabilization
Liquids to Oil
Handling System
Sales
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CNG “Processes”• Gas Conditioning
- Raw Gas Liquids Product
• Dehydration
• Compression
• Gas Chilling
- Raw Gas Liquids Handling
• Tankers for Storage and Transportation
- Loading Terminal“ ””””
- Receiving Terminal
• Compression
• Gas Processing Plant
- Fractionated Liquid Products
• Gas Delivered to Existing Infrastructure
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
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CNG OptionsFrom HP Separator
1200 psi, 100
NGL’s
CNG
Gas
Plant
Dehydration
& NGLRecovery
Compression
Condensate to Oil
Handling System
Sales
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GTL Process
• Gas Conditioning
– Raw Gas Liquids Product
• Chemical Conversion Processes
– MeOH, Syncrude
• Tanker for Transport
– Storage and Loading Terminal – Receiving and Storage Terminal
• Liquids Delivered to Refinery for Additional
Processing
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
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GTW Process
• Gas Conditioning
– Raw Gas Liquids Product
• Power Plant Offshore
• Electrical Wire for Transportation
• Power Conversion Plant / “Transforming”
• Power Delivered to Existing Infrastructure
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Gas Handling Project
March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
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Gas Injection Process
• Gas Conditioning
– Raw Gas Liquids Product
• Compression
• Dehydration
• Gas Injected into Reservoir
• Gas Produced at a Later Date
• Gas Handling Options to Consider
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March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
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Gas Handling Options
• Alternatives to consider
– Pipeline
– Injection
– LNG – Liquefied Natural Gas
– CNG – Compressed Natural Gas
– GTL – Gas-to-Liquids
– GTW – Gas to Wire (offshore power generation)
– Gas to Solids (hydrates, e.g.)
– Others
• Pipeline to be considered as the baseline in assessing
options
• Standard Gas Composition
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March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
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Gas Handling Options
Questions ?
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March 25, 2003 Kickoff Meeting
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Study Plan
Technical Assessment
Goals & Metrics
Paul Martin (MMS)
Skip Ward (OTRC)
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Technical Assessment Metrics
• Technical, Commercial, & RegulatoryFeasibility & Readiness
• HSE
• Costs (CAPEX, OPEX)
• Process Efficiency
Assessment “Model”
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Assessment Model
Workshop
Assessment
Model for
Gas-HandlingOption “X”
Output (Metrics)
Technical Readiness HSE & Mitigation
Costs (CAPEX & OPEX) Process efficiency
Scenarios
Water depth Gas rate
Distance to market Reservoir Size
Gas Handling Option “X”
System Characteristics &
Requirements Technical Risks HSE Risks Costs vs. capacity info
Impacts on FPSO Performance “curves”
Technical Readiness Metric
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Technical Readiness Metric
Question - When will technology be “project ready”?
• Examine stage of development of present technology,
e.g., – Concept
– Bench test
– Pilot test – Field test of similar application of key component(s)
– Onshore or similar applications of key components/systems
• Examine barriers to technical, commercial, & regulatoryreadiness of present technology
– Identify key needs
– Assess probabilities of success
Technical Readiness Metric
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Technical Readiness Metric
(continued )• Metric
– Years to “project ready”• Now (2004)
• +3 years (2007)
• + 6 years (2011)• + 9 years (2014)
• + 12 years (>2017)
– Describe uncertainties in readiness in +/- years
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HSE Metric
• Risks to human safety
• Risks to environment• Identify
– Hazards & risks Mitigation options – Costs to achieve acceptable risks
• Build on CRA of DeepwaterProduction Systems Study
Cost Metric
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• CAPEX ($/MCF-delivered)
• OPEX ($/MCF-delivered)
• Include costs to mitigate HSE risks to
acceptable level• Project economics (e.g., economic feasibility,
profitability) will not be assessed -
will notconsider value of
– Produced gas or product
– Enabled oil production• “Value” of produced gas directly used in
process will be included in process efficiencymetric, not OPEX
Process Efficiency Metric
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Process Efficiency Metric
• Thermal efficiency of gas utilization -
BTU’s delivered to transfer or sales point
Recoverable BTU’s
• Gas used in process and losses will
be deducted from BTU’s & volumedelivered
Assessment “Model”
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Assessment Model
Workshop
Assessment
Model for
Gas-Handling
Option “X”
Output (Metrics) Technical Readiness HSE & Mitigation Costs (CAPEX & OPEX)
Process efficiency
Scenarios Water depth Gas rate Distance to market
Reservoir Size
Gas Handling Option “X”System Characteristics &
Requirements
Technical Risks HSE Risks Costs vs. capacity info Impacts on FPSO Performance “curves”
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Assessment Metrics
We know where we are going, but we
don’t know what it will look like, yet!
Assessment Metrics
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ssess e e cs
For Each Gas-Handling Option (e.g., CNG) compute assessment metrics forspecific Scenario Cases
CASE 5 OUTPUT
INPUT CAPEX OPEX BTU Eff. Safety Readiness
Depth
Gas Rate
Dist. Mrkt.
Comp
CASE 4 OUTPUT
INPUT CAPEX OPEX BTU Eff. Safety Readiness
Depth
Gas RateDist. Mrkt.
Comp
CASE 3 OUTPUT
INPUT CAPEX OPEX BTU Eff. Safety ReadinessDepth
Gas Rate
Dist. Mrkt.
Comp
CASE 2 OUTPUT
INPUT CAPEX OPEX BTU Eff. Safety Readiness
Depth
Gas Rate
Dist. Mrkt.
Comp
CASE 1 OUTPUT
INPUT CAPEX OPEX BTU Eff. Safety Readiness
Depth
Gas Rate
Dist. Mrkt.
Comp
Distance or Depth
Rate A
Rate B
Rate CCAPE
X
Rate B
BTU
Efficiency
Distance
Rate A
Rate CRate B
Distance
Rate A
Rate C
OPEX
Plot Curves
Assessments Metrics
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Assessments MetricsTOTAL PRODUCED
OPEX
CAPEX
LOSSES
DELIVERED
PROCESS
FUEL
TRANSPORTATION
OPEX
CAPEX
LOSSES
DELIVERED
(for given Scenario)
OPEX
CAPEX
LOSSES
DELIVERED
OPEX
CAPEX
LOSSES
DELIVERED
OPEX
CAPEX
LOSSES
DELIVERED
OPEX
CAPEX
LOSSES
DELIVERED
B
T U
$ / B T U
Option A
A B C D E
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Study PlanScenarios
David Saylor
Unocal
Background: DW Development – Big Picture
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R esource
U p s t r e a m
F a c i l i t i e s
Export Facilities
Industry Sectors
“ M a r k e t ”
“ S u b s u r f a c e ”
Key Interface Requirements InfluenceDevelopment Concept and ProjectValue:
• Export Products – Market
• Wells – Production Facilities
g p gDavid Saylor’s View
“Upstream”
“Midstream”
Study Scope & Scenarios
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Resource
Up Stream
Facili ties
Objective for this section:
• ID Resource parameters
• Establish Gas Handling Facilities Scope
• ID Market Interface
• Resource Location?
• Resource volume, etc. ?• Take Point?
• Delivery Point?
?
?
Ex portFac ilities
“ M
a r k e t ”
“ S u b s u r f a c e ”
Where: Study Resource Locations
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y
n nCentral GOMWestern GOM
Water Depth Cases of 6,000 and 10,000 Ft.
GOM Field Size DistributionGOM Field Size Distribution
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GOM Field Size Distribution
Source: PFC GoM Field Size Distribution Report Feb 2001
as reported by ABB at SNAME (Anderson, Jan.2003)
Published Reserves (MMBOE)
Cumulative Distribution of Published ReservesFields in water depths exceeding 1,000 feet
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000
C
u m u l a t i v e P r o b a
b i l i t y o f E x c e e d a
n c e
Only 20% of
fields greater
than
200mmbl20% of field >
200 MMBO
35% of field
between 40 and
100 MMB
25% of field
between 100 and
200 MMB
Reservoir SizesAssumed for Gas
Handling Study
What: Subsurface Parameters
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What: Subsurface Parameters
n nCentral GOMWestern GOM
1000-2000
100A
300B
600C
Maximum Gas CaseD
GOR
(MMSCF/BO)
Recoverable
Reserves
(MMBO)
Reservoir
Case
How: Study Development Characteristics
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How: Study Development Characteristics
Recoverable
Reserves
(MMBO)
Production
Rate
(MBOD)
GOR
Recoverable
Reserves
(BCF)
Production
Rate
(MMCFD)
A 100 25 1000 100 25 11.02000 200 50
50 1000 100 50 5.52000 200 100
B 300 50 1000 300 50 16.4
2000 600 100100 1000 300 100 8.2
2000 600 200
C 600 75 1000 600 75 21.92000 1200 150
150 1000 600 150 11.02000 1200 300
D 1825 500 10.0
Case D assumes a 10 year life as basis for est. Recoverable Gas Reserves
Est. Field
Life
(years)
Reservoir
Case
Oil Gas
Gas ProcessFeed to gas process @:Take Point:
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POINTS AB
Turret
OIL PROCESS
VESSEL
A
B
C
Study Participants to establish Key
System Interfaces & Requirements
1,200 psig
100 deg. F
D
Vessel / Gas ProcessINTERFACE
Gas Process / gas product offtake
(via Turret or alternate method)C Mooring / Risers/ Vessel
D Gas product to delivery point
Study assumes FPSO based development
using parameters from EIS/CRA
Where: Delivery Point Locations
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n n Central GOMWestern GOM
Ship to new build facility offloading/storage facility (w/ gas plant?) locatedoffshore Grand Isle or Freeport in depths > 50 ft.
CNG
Ship to existing LNG facility Lake Charles or Elba Is., S.Car.LNG
Ship to existing refinery near Houston/Galveston or New OrleansGTL
Cable to Freeport or Grand Isle to tie into existing power gridsPower
Pipeline to tie in to existing infrastructure (e.g. Transco, Seahawk, or Sting Rayfrom Eastern Gulf; or Tenn. TGT,El Paso, or Tenn. Trunk from Western Gulf)Gas
DestinationProducts
PL
CNG
LNG
GTL
Power
Transportation Distances for Gas/Gas Products
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Transportation Distances for Gas/Gas Products
175
225250
275
300
1200
175
225
150150
Distance
(miles)
150-300
300
300-1200
150-300
150 -300
Study
Distances
(miles)
FreeportWestern GOM
Grand IsleEastern GOMCNG
Lake CharlesWestern GOM
Elba Is., S.Car.Eastern GOMLNG
Houston, GalvestonWestern GOM
New OrleansEastern GOMGTL
FreeportWestern GOM
Grand IsleEastern GOMPower
Tenn. TGT,El Paso, Tenn. TrunkWestern GOMTransco, Seahawk, Sting RayEastern GOMPipeline
DestinationField
Location
Transport
Mode
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Study Plan
WorkshopsFormat & Processes
Andy Wolford
A.J. Wolford Associates
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Technical Assessment Metrics• Technical, Commercial, & Regulatory
Feasibility & Readiness
• HSE
• Costs (CAPEX, OPEX)
• Process Efficiency
Workshop Process
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ST
Send
Pre-
meeting
Forms for
Process“X”
ST
Document
Consensus in
Final Report
on
Technology“X”
Process
Experts
Fill Out Form
& Return to ST
Participants
Review
Document
Consensus
ST
•Review & organize
information (Paragon
to take lead)
•Send forms toProcess Experts &
Other WS Participants
Workshop
•Process Expert
Presentations
•Discussion, Q&A
•Develop Consensus
based on Form forProcess “X” via a SG-
defined process
Workshop Activities
Offline Activities
ST
Develop Pre-
Meeting Form
for Process “X”
SG
•Select Process “X” Workshop Participants
•Invitation Only
WS Participants
•Process Experts/Vendors (oil companies,
engineering companies,consultants)
•Other WS Participants (oil companies,
engineering companies,consultants, class
societies)
•MMS & other Agencies
ST
Develop process
for reaching
consensus at
Workshops
ST - Study Team
SG - Steering Group
Process Steps
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p
CNG
Chemical
Conversion
LoadChemicals
Unload
Dehydration
Feedstock
Conditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Chiller
Treater
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Feedstock
Conditioning
Power Plant
Feedstock
ConditioningReservoir
Deferred Gas Production
Gas
Handling
Options
Gas Pipeline
Power Plant
-1
Gas
Pipeline
Product Pipeline
n
n
n
n
n
n
CNG
LNG
CNG
Chemical
Conversion
LoadChemicals
GTL Unload
Subsea HVDC Cable
GTW
Dehydration
Feedstock
Conditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Feedstock
Conditioning
Chiller
Treater
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Gas Plant
Feedstock
Conditioning
Power PlantPower Plant
Feedstock
ConditioningINJ Reservoir Deferred Gas Production
Gas
Handling
Options
Gas Pipeline
Power PlantPower Plant
-1
Gas
Pipeline
Product Pipeline
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
D e h y
d r a t
i o n &
T r e a
t m e n t
C o n v
e r t t o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e s
S t a t
e
Pipe nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
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Gas Handling Process Steps & Metrics
Metric
D e h y
d r a t
i o n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T
r a n s
p o r t
S t a t
e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r
t
U n l o
a d
C o n
v e r t
t o S a l e
s
S t a t
e
A d j u s
t f o r
E q u i v a
l e n c i e
s
Technical Readiness
HSE
CAPEX
OPEXEfficiency
Modeling Roadmap – Pipelines
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Dependence of Metrics on Variables
TRL HSE CAPEX OPEX Efficiency
Water depth
Export riser fatigue X Mooring payload IMR* X
Pipe wall Riser payloadInstallation
Gas rate X X Cost of plant Utilities Process losses
Pipeline diameter
Reservoir size X X X X X
Distance to market X X Pipeline length Logistics Pipeline loss
IMR*
Other Permit Fuel gas
X = no dependence
* = Inspection, Maintenance & Repair
Output MetricsInput
Modeling Roadmap – CNG
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Dependence of Metrics on VariablesTRL HSE CAPEX OPEX Efficiency
Water depth X X Mooring payload X X
Riser payload
Installation
Gas rate X Cost of plant Utilities XNumber
loading/unloading
operations
Cost of tanker
(number, size)
IMR*
Equipment
weight/area
Reservoir size X X X X X
Distance to market
X Tanker transit
(exposure time)
Cost of tanker
(number, size)
Logistics (resupply
crew) /
Transportation cost
X
Tanker (fuel, crew,
etc)
Other Metallurgy Consequence
hazard
Permit Port charges
Motions
X = no dependence
* = Inspection, Maintenance & Repair
Output MetricsInputs
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Technical Readiness
TechnicalReadiness
(years) D e h y
d r a t
i o n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a
t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r
t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e
s
S t a t
e
P r o b
a b i l i t y
t h a t
P r o c
e s s r e
a d y i n
X y e a r
s
0
1- 3
3 - 7
7 - 10
> 10
Technical Readiness(continued)
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Barriers to Technical Success of Present Technology
6
5
4
32
1
Probability of Success
in Y Years
Key Technical Needs
for Option “X”
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Commercial Readiness
CommercialReadiness
(years) D e h y
d r a t
i o n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a
t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r
t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e
s
S t a t
e
P r o b
a b i l i t y
t h a t
P r o c
e s s r e
a d y i n
X y e a r
s
0
1- 3
3 - 7
7 - 10
> 10
Commercial Readiness
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Barriers to Commercial Success of Present Technology
6
5
4
32
1
Probability of Success
in Y Years
Key needs for Option
“X”
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Regulatory Approval
Regulatory Approvals*
(years) D e h y
d r a t i o n
&
T r e a
t m e n t
C o n v
e r t t o
T r a n
s p o r t S t
a t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r t U n
l o a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e s
S t a t e
P r o b
a b i l i t y t h
a t
A p p r
o v a l
C o m
p l e t e i n
X
y e a r s
01- 3
3 - 7
7 - 10
> 10
* Approvals by MMS & USCG
Regulatory Approval
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List of Regulatory Barriers
6
5
4
3
2
1
Regulatory Barriers for Option “X”
Pipelines - Health, Safety & Environment
Hazards & Consequences
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Hazards & Consequences
Fatalities Oil Spill Product / Gas Spill
Offshore PlantGas leak from additional gas
handling facilities
Fire / explosion, increase in
fatality rate
Fire / explosion leading to
breech of FPSO oil system
contaimment
Gas release disperses
without environmental impact
Offshore Transfer Gas leak from additional gas
handling facilities
Incremental risks introduced
by transfer operations -
exposure of all POB FPSO
Fire / explosion leading to
breech of oil system
contaimment
Gas release disperses
without environmental impact
Transit Pipeline leak No personell exposure No oil exposureGas pipeline leak disperses
without environmental impact
Offshore Unload NA NA NA NA
Onshore UnloadPiping leak from offshore
teminal receiving facilities
Fire / explosion & directincremental fatality (terminal
& neighboring facility
personnel)
No oil exposureGas release disperses
without environmental impact
ConsequenceProcess Step Hazard
Include in model
Seek guidance
Exclude from model
CNG - Health, Safety & Environment
Hazards & Consequences
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Hazards & Consequences
Fatalities Oil Spill Product / Gas Spill
Dehydration,
Treatment, Convert to
Transport State
External Leaks / Failures (from
gas process equipment)
Fire / explosion leading to
fatalities. Exposure of all POB
FPSO.
Fire / explosion leading to breech of
oil system contaimment
Any gas released as a result of
leak/fire/explosiondisperses without
environmental impact.
Load
External Leaks
CollisionStructural Failure
Fire / explosion leading to
fatalities. Exposure of all POBFPSO + Shuttle Vessel
Fire / explosion leading to or direct
breech of bunker containment
Any gas released as a result of
leak/fire/explosion disperses withoutenvironmental impact.
Transport
External Leaks
Collision
Structural Failure
Overpressurization
Loss of Propulsion / Steering:
Foundering
Fire / explosion/impact leading to
fatalities. Exposure of all POB
Shuttle Vessel
Fire / explosion/impact leading to or
direct breech of bunker containment
Any gas released as a result of
leak/fire/explosiondisperses without
environmental impact.
Unload Offshore
External Leaks
Collision
Structural Failure
Incremental risks introduced by
loading operations - exposure of
all POB (Shuttle Vessel +
Terminal)
Fire / explosion leading to or direct
breech of bunker containment
Any gas released as a result of
leak/fire/explosiondisperses without
environmental impact.
Unload Inshore
External Leaks
Collision
Structural Failure
Grounding
Incremental risks introduced by
loading operations - exposure of
all POB (Shuttle Crew + Terminal
& Neighboring Facility)
Fire / explosion leading to or direct
breech of bunker containment
Any gas released as a result of
leak/fire/explosiondisperses without
environmental impact.
Convert to Sales StateExternal Leaks / Failures (from
gas process equipment)
Fire / explosion leading to
fatalities. Exposure of all POB
Conversion Facility
NA
Any gas released as a result of
leak/fire/explosiondisperses without
environmental impact.
ConsequenceProcess Step Hazard
Include in model
Seek guidance
Exclude from model
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HSE – Human Safety
HSE - Human Safety(Fatalities/Year)
D e
h y d r
a t i o
n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T r a
n s p o
r t S t
a t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r
t
U n l o
a d
C o n
v e r t
t o S a l e
s
S t a t
e T o
t a l
F a t a
l i t i e s / y e
a r
P10
Expected
P90
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HSE – Oil Spilled
HSE - Oil Spilled(Bbl/20 years)
D e h y
d r a t
i o n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e s
S t a t
e
T o t a
l O i l S
p i l l e d
( b b l / 2
0 y e a r s )
P10
Expected
P90
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HSE – Liquid Gas Product Spilled
HSE - GasProduct Spilled(Bbl/20 years) D e
h y d r
a t i o
n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e s
S t a t
e
T o t a
l G a s
P r o d u c
t
S p i l l e d
( b b l / 2 0
y e a r
s )
P10
Expected
P90
HSE (continued)
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Mitigation Measures for Option “X”
65
4
3
2
1
Mitigation MeasureHazard/Risk
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CAPEX
CAPEX($M)
D e h y
d r a t
i o n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a
t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r
t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e
s
S t a t
e
T o t a
l C A P
E X ( $ M )
P10
Expected
P90
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P10(CAPEX) E(CAPEX) P90(CAPEX)
Mooring payload xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Installation cost xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Cost of plant xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Cost of tanker (number, size) xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Equipment weight/area xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Ammortization timeline/payback xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zzNumber of Wells xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Cost of tanker (number, size) xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Permit xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
TOTAL CAPEX xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
CAPEX
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OPEX
OPEX($M/Year)
D e h
y d r a
t i o n &
T r e a
t m e n
t
C o n v
e r t t
o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a
t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r
t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e
s
S t a t
e
T
o t a l
O P E X
( $ M / y e
a r
P10
Expected
P90
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P10(OPEX) E(OPEX) P90(OPEX)
Utilities xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Manpower xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Well Oerations xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Logistics (resupply
crew)/Transportation cost xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Tanker (fuel, crew, etc)
Port charges xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
Maintenance xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
TOTAL OPEX xxxxxx.xx yyyyyy,yy zzzzzz.zz
OPEX
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Process Efficiency
ProcessEfficiency
D e h y
d r a t
i o n &
T r e a
t m e n t
C o n v
e r t t o
T r a n
s p o r
t S t a t e
L o a d
T r a n
s p o r t
U n l o
a d
C o n v
e r t t
o S a l e s
S t a t
e
O v e r
a l l P r o c e s s
E f f i c i
e n c y
( % )
P10
Expected
P90
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Order of Assessment Workshops
6
5
4
32
1
Other (Power, Gas-to-Solids)
Reinjection
GTL
LNGCNG
Pipeline
Gas Handling Option
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Study PlanProject Schedule & Final Report
Skip Ward
OTRC
Study Process
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FJ M A M J J A S O N D J F M
StudyDesign
Mtg
Complete Assessment
FinalReport
PLWorkshops CNG LNG GTL Other INJ
FinalProjectMeeting
Schedule
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FebruaryIssue Draft
December Reinjection6
Final Report
5
4
3
2
1Workshop
Final Project Meeting
Other (Power,
Gas-to-Solids)
GTL
LNG
CNG
Pipeline
March
November
October
September
June
AprilMonth
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Study PlanIndustry Participation
Allen Verret
OOC
Workshop Participants
• Invited Participation in Workshop on Specific
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Gas Handling Option
• Review pre-Workshop Strawman
• Active Participation in Workshop – Presentations on Technologies
– Share Technical Knowledge & Experience
– Clarifications & Deliberations
– Develop Consensus View of Option
• Review Draft Report on Option• Review/Comment on Final Report (covering all
Options)
Workshop Participants
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• Invited Participants to Workshop onSpecific Gas Handling Option Will Include
– Process Experts (Advocates, Vendors) – Stakeholders & Others with Relevant Expertise
• Opportunity to Volunteer and/or NominateOthers
– Complete Form Today
– Email Others Later
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Final Stretch!!
WebsitesOTRC
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(http://otrc.tamu.edu)• Announcements & Calendar Links
– Project Information & Schedule
• Technology Transfer Link – Comparative Risks Analysis for Deepwater Production
Systems
MMS(http://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/offshore
/fpso/fpso.html) – FPSO EIS – Comparative Risks Analysis for Deepwater Production
Systems
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Thanks for Your Interest
Please Register your Interest inParticipating in Workshops
Please Nominate Others That Could
Contribute to Workshops