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BS EN 54-23:2010

EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

EN 54-23

March 2010

ICS 13.220.20

English Version

Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 23: Fire alarmdevices - Visual alarm devices

Systèmes d'alarme feu et de détection d'incendie - Partie23: Dispositifs d'alarme feu - Alarmes visuelles

Brandmeldeanlagen - Teil 23: Feueralarmeinrichtungen -Optische Signalgeber

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 January 2010.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCO MITÉ EU RO PÉEN D E N O RMA LISA TIO NEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.

Ref. No. EN 54-23:2010: E



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Contents Page

Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................5

Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................7

1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................8

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................8

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations ..................................................................................................9

3.1 Definitions ..............................................................................................................................................9

3.2 Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................... 10

4 Requirements ...................................................................................................................................... 10

4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 10 4.2 Operational reliability ......................................................................................................................... 10

4.2.1 Duration of operation ......................................................................................................................... 10

4.2.2 Provision for external conductors .................................................................................................... 10

4.2.3 Flammability of materials ................................................................................................................... 11

4.2.4 Enclosure protection .......................................................................................................................... 11

4.2.5 Access ................................................................................................................................................. 11

4.2.6 Manufacturer's adjustments .............................................................................................................. 11

4.2.7 On site adjustments of behaviour ..................................................................................................... 11

4.2.8 Requirements for software controlled devices ............................................................................... 11

4.3 Performance parameters under fire conditions .............................................................................. 13

4.3.1 Coverage volume ................................................................................................................................ 13

4.3.2 Variation of light output ..................................................................................................................... 13

4.3.3 Minimum and maximum effective luminous intensity .................................................................... 13 4.3.4 Light colour ......................................................................................................................................... 13

4.3.5 Light temporal pattern and frequency of flashing ........................................................................... 14

4.3.6 Marking and data ................................................................................................................................ 14

4.3.7 Synchronization (option with requirements) ................................................................................... 15

4.4 Durability ............................................................................................................................................. 16

4.4.1 Temperature resistance ..................................................................................................................... 16

4.4.2 Humidity resistance ............................................................................................................................ 16

4.4.3 Shock and vibration resistance ......................................................................................................... 16

4.4.4 Corrosion resistance Sulphur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance) ......................................... 16

4.4.5 Electrical stability EMC, immunity (operational) .......................................................................... 17

5 Tests and evaluation methods .......................................................................................................... 17

5.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 17

5.1.1 Atmospheric conditions for tests ..................................................................................................... 17

5.1.2 Operating conditions for tests .......................................................................................................... 17

5.1.3 Mounting arrangements ..................................................................................................................... 17

5.1.4 Tolerances ........................................................................................................................................... 18

5.1.5 Provision for tests .............................................................................................................................. 18

5.1.6 Test schedule ...................................................................................................................................... 18

5.1.7 Reproducibility .................................................................................................................................... 20

5.2 Operational reliability ......................................................................................................................... 20

5.2.1 Duration of operation ......................................................................................................................... 20

5.2.2 Provision for external conductors .................................................................................................... 21

5.2.3 Flammability of materials ................................................................................................................... 21

5.2.4 Enclosure protection .......................................................................................................................... 21

5.2.5 Access ................................................................................................................................................. 22

5.2.6 Manufacturer's adjustments .............................................................................................................. 23

5.2.7 On site adjustments of behaviour ..................................................................................................... 23



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5.2.8 Requirements for software controlled devices ................................................................................ 23

5.3 Performance parameters under fire conditions ............................................................................... 23

5.3.1 Coverage volume ................................................................................................................................. 23

5.3.2 Variation of luminous intensity .......................................................................................................... 23

5.3.3 Minimum and maximum light intensity ............................................................................................. 24

5.3.4 Light colour .......................................................................................................................................... 24 5.3.5 Light pattern and frequency of flashing ............................................................................................ 24

5.3.6 Marking and data ................................................................................................................................. 24

5.3.7 Synchronization (option with requirements) .................................................................................... 24

5.4 Durability .............................................................................................................................................. 26

5.4.1 Temperature resistance ...................................................................................................................... 26

5.4.2 Humidity resistance ............................................................................................................................ 29

5.4.3 Shock and vibration resistance ......................................................................................................... 33

5.4.4 Corrosion resistance Sulphur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance) .......................................... 37

5.4.5 Electrical stability Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), immunity ........................................... 38

6 Evaluation of conformity .................................................................................................................... 39

6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 39

6.2 Initial type testing ................................................................................................................................ 40

6.2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 40

6.2.2 Test samples ........................................................................................................................................ 40

6.2.3 Test reports .......................................................................................................................................... 40

6.3 Factory production control................................................................................................................. 41

6.3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 41

6.3.2 General requirements ......................................................................................................................... 41

6.3.3 Product specific requirements ........................................................................................................... 42

6.3.4 Initial inspection of factory and FPC ................................................................................................. 43

6.3.5 Surveillance of FPC ............................................................................................................................. 43

6.4 Procedure for modifications............................................................................................................... 44

6.5 One-off products, pre-production products (e.g. prototypes) and products produced invery low quantities .............................................................................................................................. 44

Annex A (normative) Method for measuring the light distribution from a VAD ......................................... 46 A.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 46

A.2 Test apparatus ..................................................................................................................................... 46

A.3 Instrumentation ................................................................................................................................... 46

A.4 Test room ............................................................................................................................................. 46

A.5 Arrangement for measuring the effective luminous intensity ........................................................ 48

A.6 Calculation of I eff (av)........................................................................................................................... 52

A.7 Calculation of coverage distance ...................................................................................................... 52

Annex B (normative) Comparative light output level measurement for VADs ........................................... 53

B.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 53

B.2 Light test chamber .............................................................................................................................. 53

B.3 Calibration of the light test chamber ................................................................................................. 53

B.4 Mounting arrangements ...................................................................................................................... 54

B.5 Measurement of effective average illumination ............................................................................... 54

Annex C (informative) Construction of the light test chamber and associated equipment forcomparative measurements ............................................................................................................... 55

C.1 Light test chamber .............................................................................................................................. 55

C.2 Surface finishes ................................................................................................................................... 55

Annex D (informative) Comparison of flammability test requirements in various standards .................. 57

D.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 57

D.2 Relevant standards ............................................................................................................................. 57

D.3 Vertical burning tests .......................................................................................................................... 57

D.4 Horizontal burning tests ..................................................................................................................... 58

D.4.1 IEC 60695-11-10 and UL 94 ................................................................................................................. 58

D.4.2 IEC 60695-11-20 and UL 94 ................................................................................................................. 59



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Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EUConstruction Products Directive (89/106/EEC) ................................................................................ 60

ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics .................................................................................................. 60

ZA.2 Procedures for the attestation of conformity of VADs ................................................................... 62

ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity ................................................................................................. 62

ZA.2.2 EC Certificate of conformity .............................................................................................................. 63 ZA.3 CE marking and labelling ................................................................................................................... 63

Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 66



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Foreword

This document (EN 54-23:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 72 “Fire detection andfire alarm systems”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2010, and conflicting national standards shall bewithdrawn at the latest by March 2013.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

EN 54, Fire detection and fire alarm systems, consists of the following parts:

Part 1: Introduction

Part 2: Control and indicating equipment

Part 3: Fire alarm devices Sounders

Part 4: Power supply equipment

Part 5: Heat detectors Point detectors

Part 7: Smoke detectors Point detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization

Part 10: Flame detectors Point detectors

Part 11: Manual call points

Part 12: Smoke detectors Line detectors using an optical light beam

Part 13: Compatibility assessment of system components

Part 14: Guidelines for planning, design, installation, commissioning, use and maintenance (inpreparation)

Part 16: Voice alarm control and indicating equipment

Part 17: Short-circuit isolators

Part 18: Input/output devices

Part 20: Aspirating smoke detectors

Part 21: Alarm transmission and fault warning routing equipment

Part 22: Resettable line-type heat detectors (in preparation)



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Part 23: Fire alarm devices VADs

Part 24: Components of voice alarm systems Loudspeakers

Part 25: Components using radio links

Part 26: Point fire detectors Carbon monoxide fire detectors (in preparation)

Part 27: Duct smoke detectors (in preparation)

Part 28: Non-resettable (digital) line-type heat detectors (in preparation)

Part 29: Multi-sensor fire detectors Point detectors using a combination of smoke and heatsensors (in preparation)

Part 30: Multi-sensor fire detectors Point detectors using a combination of carbon monoxide andheat sensors (in preparation)

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.



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Introduction

The purpose of a visual fire alarm device (VAD) is to warn person(s) within, or in the vicinity of, a building ofthe occurrence of a fire emergency in order to enable such person(s) to take appropriate measures.

This European Standard allows manufacturers to specify VADs in terms of the range at which the requiredillumination is met. Three categories of device are defined, one for ceiling mounted devices, one for wallmounted devices and an open category. The maximum range of the VAD is tested by measuring the lightoutput in a hemisphere surrounding it to determine its light distribution. As the light output of some VADs canchange over time due, for example, to the effect of self-heating, a test has been introduced to check that thevariation of light output over time is within an acceptable limit.

This European Standard gives common requirements for the construction and robustness of VADs as well as

for their performance under climatic, mechanical and electrical interference conditions which are likely to occurin the service environment. VADs are classified in one of two application environment types, i.e. Type A andType B. More severe climatic conditions are applied to devices that are primarily intended for outdoorapplications (Type B) than those primarily intended for indoor applications (Type A).



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1 Scope

This European Standard specifies the requirements, test methods and performance criteria for visual alarmdevices in a fixed installation intended to signal a visual warning of a fire between the fire detection and fire

alarm system and the occupants of a building (see item C of Figure 1 of EN 54-1:1996). It is intended to coveronly those devices which derive their operating power by means of a physical electrical connection to anexternal source such as a fire alarm system.

This European Standard specifies the evaluation of conformity and the marking of the visual alarm devices.

This European Standard applies to visual alarm devices that rely on software for their operation and to thosethat do not.

This European Standard applies only to pulsing or flashing visual alarm devices, for example xenon beaconsor rotating beacons. Devices giving continuous light output are excluded from this European Standard.

This European Standard is not intended to cover visual indicators, for example those on detectors or on thecontrol and indicating equipment.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For datedreferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenceddocument (including any amendments) applies.

EN 54-1:1996, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 1: Introduction

EN 50130-4:1995, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard:

Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems (includingEN 50130-4:1995/A1:1998 and EN 50130-4:1995/A2:2003)

EN 60068-1:1994, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance (IEC 60068-1:1988 +Corrigendum 1988 +A1:1992)

EN 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-1: Tests — Tests A: Cold (IEC 60068-2-1:2007)

EN 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-2: Tests — Test B: Dry heat (IEC 60068-2-2:2007)

EN 60068-2-6:2008, Environmental testing — Part 2-6: Tests — Tests Fc: Vibration, (sinusoidal)(IEC 60068-2-6:2007)

EN 60068-2-27:2009, Environmental testing — Part 2-27: Tests — Test Ea and guidance: Shock(IEC 60068-2-27:2008)

EN 60068-2-30:2005, Environmental testing — Part 2-30: Tests — Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 hcycle) (IEC 60068-2-30:2005)

EN 60068-2-42:2003, Environmental testing — Part 2-42: Tests; Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide test for contactsand connections (IEC 60068-2-42:2003)

EN 60068-2-75:1997, Environmental testing — Part 2-75: Tests — Test Eh: Hammer tests(IEC 60068-2-75:1997)

EN 60068-2-78:2001, Environmental testing — Part 2-78: Tests; Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state(IEC 60068-2-78:2001)



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EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989) (includingEN 60529:1991/A1:2000)

EN 60695-11-10:1999, Fire hazard testing — Part 11-10: Test flames — 50 W horizontal and vertical flametest methods (IEC 60695-11-10:1999) (including EN 60695-11-10:1999/A1:2003)

EN 60695-11-20:1999, Fire hazard testing — Part 11-20: Test flames — 500 W flame test methods(IEC 60695-11-20:1999) (including EN 60695-11-20:1999/A1:2003)

EN ISO 9001:2008, Quality management systems — Requirements (ISO 9001:2008)

ISO 23539:2005, Photometry — The CIE system of physical photometry

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations

3.1 Definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 54-1:1996 and the following apply.

3.1.1coverage volume

volume within which the required illumination is achieved

3.1.2normal axis

axis normal to the mounting plane which passes through the reference point

3.1.3effective luminous intensity

measurement corresponding to the light output of the visual alarm device measured using the equipment andmethod detailed in Annex A

3.1.4light output level

measurement corresponding to the light output of the visual alarm device measured using the equipment andmethod detailed in Annex B

3.1.5mode (of operation)one of a possible number of pre-defined light outputs of the visual alarm device which can be selected bymeans specified by the manufacturer

3.1.6reference pointpoint representing the optical centre within or on the surface of the visual alarm device specified by themanufacturer

3.1.7required illuminationillumination of 0,4 lm/m2 on a surface perpendicular to the direction of the light emitted from the device

3.1.8Type A visual alarm devicedevice primarily intended for indoor applications

NOTE Type A visual alarm devices may be suitable for some protected outdoor situations.



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3.1.9Type B visual alarm device

device primarily intended for outdoor applications

NOTE Type B visual alarm devices may be more suitable than Type A visual alarm devices for some indoor

situations where high temperature and/or humidity are present.

3.1.10visual alarm deviceVADdevice which generates a flashing light to signal to the occupants of a building that a fire condition exists

3.2 Abbreviations

AC Alternating current

DC Direct current

EMC Electromagnetic compatibility

RMS Root mean square

VAD Visual alarm device

4 Requirements

4.1 General

In order to comply with this standard, VADs shall meet the requirements of Clause 4, which shall be verified

by visual inspection or engineering assessment, shall be tested as described in Clause 5 and shall meet therequirements of the tests.

4.2 Operational reliability

4.2.1 Duration of operation

The VAD shall be rated for at least 100 h operation. No limitation on duty factor or maximum on-time shallprevent the device from operating the 1 h 'on' 1 h 'off' cycle required by the test procedure described in 5.2.

NOTE This requirement does not apply to the capacity of batteries which may be used within VADs as a means oflocal storage of operating power. The capacity and charging requirements of such batteries should meet the requirement

of the system.

4.2.2 Provision for external conductors

The VAD shall provide space within its enclosure for external conductors to be brought in and terminated.Entry holes for conductors or cables shall be provided or the location where such holes are to be made shallbe indicated by providing a template or some other suitable means.

Terminals for connecting external conductors shall be designed so that the conductors are clamped betweenmetal surfaces without being damaged. Each terminal shall be capable of allowing the connection of anyconductor having a cross-sectional area between 0,28 mm2 and 1,5 mm2 inclusive.



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4.2.3 Flammability of materials

The VAD shall be constructed of material(s) capable of withstanding the tests specified in Clause 5. Inaddition, the material(s) of plastic enclosures shall meet the following flammability requirements:

a) EN 60695-11-10:1999 as amended by EN 60695-11-10:1999/A1:2003 Class V-2 or HB75 for devicesoperating from a voltage source less than or equal to 30 V RMS or 42,4 V DC and consuming less than15 W of power;

b) EN 60695-11-20:1999 as amended by EN 60695-11-20:1999/A1:2003 Class 5VB for devices operatingfrom a voltage source greater than 30 V RMS or 42,4 V DC and consuming more than 15 W of power.

NOTE Annex D gives information on the test requirements and classification given in the IEC standards andequivalent flammability ratings in UL 94.

4.2.4 Enclosure protection

The degree of protection provided by the enclosure of VADs shall meet the following requirements:

a) for Type A VAD: Code IP21C of EN 60529:1991;

b) for Type B VAD: Code IP33C of EN 60529:1991.

4.2.5 Access

Means shall be provided to limit access for removal of parts or the whole device, e.g. special tool, codes,hidden screws, seals, etc.

4.2.6 Manufacturer's adjustments

It shall not be possible to change the manufacturer's settings except by special means (e.g. the use of aspecial code or tool) or by breaking or removing a seal.

4.2.7 On site adjustments of behaviour

If there is provision for on-site adjustment of the behaviour of the VAD:

a) for each setting at which compliance with this standard is claimed, the VAD shall comply with therequirements of this standard and access to the adjustment means shall only be possible by the use of acode or special tool or by removing the VAD from its base or mounting; and

b) any setting(s) at which compliance with this European Standard is not claimed, shall only be accessible by

the use of a code or special tool and it shall be clearly marked on the VAD or in the associated data thatwhen these setting(s) are used, the VAD does not comply with the standard.

NOTE These adjustments may be carried out, for example, at the VAD or at the control and indicating equipment.

4.2.8 Requirements for software controlled devices

4.2.8.1 General

For VADs which rely on software control in order to fulfil the requirements of this European Standard, therequirements of 4.2.8.2, 4.2.8.3 and 4.2.8.4 shall be met.



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4.2.8.2 Software documentation

4.2.8.2.1 Documentation which gives an overview of the software design shall be submitted. Thisdocumentation shall be in sufficient detail for the design to be inspected for compliance with this EuropeanStandard and shall include at least the following:

a) a functional description of the main program flow (e.g. as a flow diagram or structogram) including:

1) a brief description of the modules and the functions that they perform;

2) the way in which the modules interact;

3) the overall hierarchy of the program;

4) the way in which the software interacts with the hardware of the VAD;

5) the way in which the modules are called, including any interrupt processing;

b) a description of which areas of memory are used for the various purposes (e.g. the program, site specificdata and running data);

c) a designation, by which the software and its version can be uniquely identified.

4.2.8.2.2 Detailed design documentation, which only needs to be provided if required for assessmentpurposes, shall comprise at least the following:

a) an overview of the whole system configuration, including all software and hardware components;

b) a description of each module of the program, containing at least:

1) the name of the module;

2) a description of the tasks performed;

3) a description of the interfaces, including the type of data transfer, the valid data range and thechecking for valid data;

c) full source code listings, as hard copy or in machine-readable form (e.g. ASCII-code), including all globaland local variables, constants and labels used, and sufficient comment for the program flow to berecognized;

d) details of any software tools used in the design and implementation phase (e.g. CASE-tools, compilers).

4.2.8.3 Software design

In order to ensure the reliability of the VAD, the following requirements for the software design shall apply:

a) the software shall have a modular structure;

b) the design of the interfaces for manually and automatically generated data shall not permit invalid data tocause error in the program operation;

c) the software shall be designed to avoid the occurrence of deadlock of the program flow.

4.2.8.4 Storage of program and data

The program necessary to comply with this European Standard and any preset data, such as manufacturer'ssettings, shall be held in non-volatile memory. Writing to areas of memory containing this program and data



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shall only be possible by the use of some special tool or code and shall not be possible during normaloperation of the VAD.

Site-specific data shall be held in memory which will retain data for at least two weeks without external powerto the VAD, unless provision is made for the automatic renewal of such data, following loss of power, within 1

h of power being restored.

4.3 Performance parameters under fire conditions

4.3.1 Coverage volume

4.3.1.1 VADs shall meet the requirement for coverage volume of at least one of the following threecategories:

a) 'C', ceiling mounted devices;

b) 'W', wall mounted devices;

c) 'O', open class devices.

4.3.1.2 Category C devices shall be further specified as C-x-y (see 4.3.6.2, d), 1)), where:

x is either 3, 6 or 9, representing the maximum height, in metres (m), at which the device may bemounted; and

y is the diameter, in metres (m), of the coverage cylindrical volume when the device is mounted at theceiling height.

EXAMPLE C-3-12 corresponds to a ceiling mounted device giving a coverage cylindrical volume of 12 m diameter at3 m height.

4.3.1.3 Category W devices shall be further specified as W-x-y (see 4.3.6.2, d), 2)), where:

x is the maximum height of the devices on the wall, in metres (m), with a minimum value of 2,4 m; and

y is the width of a square room, in metres (m), covered by the device.

EXAMPLE W-2,4-6 corresponds to a wall mounted device giving a coverage cuboid volume of 2,4 m × 6 m × 6 mwhen mounted at a height of 2,4 m.

4.3.1.4 For category O devices the coverage volume in which the required illumination is achieved shallbe specified (see 4.3.6.2, d), 3)).

4.3.2 Variation of light output

When tested in accordance with 5.3.2, the variation in effective luminous intensity of the VAD, over 30 min,shall be less than 25 %.

4.3.3 Minimum and maximum effective luminous intensity

When tested in accordance with 5.3.3, the VAD shall produce an effective luminous intensity of at least 1 cdfor 70 % of all measurement points and shall not exceed 500 cd for any measurement points.

4.3.4 Light colour

The VAD shall emit a white or red flashing light.



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4.3.5 Light temporal pattern and frequency of flashing

The flash rate of the VAD shall be between 0,5 Hz and 2 Hz measured at 10 % of the peak values ofconsecutive leading edges of the first pulse of each flash (P10L).

NOTE The light temporal pattern and frequency of flashing may vary in different countries. Reference needs to bemade to local regulations.

The maximum on time, measured between the 10 % of peak value of the leading edge (P10L) and the 10 %value of the trailing edge (P10T) of the last pulse of the flash shall not exceed 0,2 s.

If the light emitted consists of groups of several pulses and the time between the P10T of one pulse and theP10L of the next pulse is less than 0,04 s then the pulses shall be considered as a single event. Any set ofmultiple pulses shall not exceed 0,2 s between the P10L for of the first peak to the P10T of the last peak.

A set of pulses where the minimum value does not drop below 10 % of the peak value is considered as asingle pulse and shall not exceed 0,2 s between P10L and P10T.

4.3.6 Marking and data

4.3.6.1 Marking

Each VAD shall be clearly marked with the following information:

a) number of this standard (i.e. EN 54-23);

b) environment type (i.e. Type A or B (see 3.1.8 and 3.1.9));

c) device category (see 4.3.1);

d) name or trademark of the manufacturer or supplier;

e) manufacturer or supplier model designation (type or number of the VAD);

f) terminal designations;

g) a mark(s) or code(s) (e.g. serial number or batch code), by which the manufacturer can identify, at least,the date or batch and place of manufacture and the version number(s) of any software contained withinthe device.

For detachable VADs, the detachable part shall be marked with a), b), c), d), e) and g), and the base shall bemarked with, at least, e) (i.e. its own model designation) and f).

Where any marking on the device uses symbols or abbreviations not in common use then these shall beexplained in the data supplied with the device.

The marking need not be discernible when the device is installed and ready for use but shall be visible duringinstallation and shall be accessible during maintenance.

The markings shall not be placed on screws or other easily removable parts of the device.

NOTE Where ZA.3 covers the same information as this clause, the requirements of this clause are met.

4.3.6.2 Data

The information required in 4.3.6.1, together with the following, shall be supplied with the device, or shall begiven in a data sheet or technical manual identified on, or with each device:



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a) rated supply voltages or voltage ranges (AC or DC);

b) power and current consumption;

c) supply frequency ranges, where relevant;

d) the coverage characteristics:

1) for category C devices, the information shall clearly show or state:

i) the maximum allowable height of the device above the floor level, given in metres (m), i.e.parameter x in the category specification as described in 4.3.1.2;

ii) the cylindrical volume with its central axis extending vertically downwards from the device;

iii) the diameter of the above cylindrical volume, given in metres (m), i.e. parameter y in thecategory specification as described in 4.3.1.2;

2) for category W devices, the information shall clearly show or state:

i) the device correct orientation;

ii) features of the device used to align the device to the orientation given in 4.3.6.2, d), 2), i);

iii) the maximum allowable mounted height of the device, given in metres (m), i.e. parameter x inthe category specification as described in 4.3.1.3;

iv) the cuboid volume with its vertical side equal to the height at which the device is mounted andwith the device in the centre of one top edge;

v) the length of the other two sides of the cuboid, given in metres (m), i.e. parameter y in thecategory specification as described in 4.3.1.3;

3) for category O devices, the information shall clearly show or state:

i) the mounting position of the device;

ii) any specific requirement for mounting the device in a particular orientation, and how thisorientation can be identified on the device;

iii) any restrictions on the minimum and maximum allowable mounted height;

iv) the volumetric shape, its dimensions and how it is related to the device;

e) the light temporal pattern and frequency of flashing;

f) IP Code to EN 60529:1991 as amended by EN 60529:1991/A1:2000;

g) any other information necessary to allow correct installation, operation and maintenance of the device.

4.3.7 Synchronization (option with requirements)

VADs may include a synchronization function to eliminate the possibility of a flash frequency/temporal patternthat could result in adverse effects, such as inducing epileptic fits, when devices are in close proximity. In suchcases, VADs shall meet the requirements of the test described in 5.3.7.

NOTE This synchronization can be achieved by internal circuitry, the addition of a trigger wire connected betweendevices or by other means defined by the manufacturer.



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4.4 Durability

4.4.1 Temperature resistance

4.4.1.1 Dry heat (operational)

Type A and Type B VADs shall function correctly at high ambient temperatures as specified in 5.4.1.1.

4.4.1.2 Dry heat (endurance)

Type B VADs shall be capable of withstanding long term exposure to high temperature as specified in 5.4.1.2.

4.4.1.3 Cold (operational)

Type A and Type B VADs shall function correctly at low ambient temperatures as specified in 5.4.1.3.

4.4.2 Humidity resistance

4.4.2.1 Damp heat, cyclic (operational)

Type A and Type B VADs shall function correctly at a high level of humidity as specified in 5.4.2.1.

4.4.2.2 Damp heat, steady state (endurance)

Type A and Type B VADs shall be capable of withstanding long term exposure to a high level of continuoushumidity as specified in 5.4.2.2.

4.4.2.3 Damp heat, cyclic (endurance)

Type B VADs shall be capable of withstanding the effect of cyclic humidity levels as specified in 5.4.2.3.

4.4.3 Shock and vibration resistance

4.4.3.1 Shock (operational)

Type A and Type B VADs shall operate correctly when submitted to mechanical shocks as specified in 5.4.3.1.

4.4.3.2 Impact (operational)

Type A and Type B VADs shall operate correctly when submitted to mechanical impacts as specified in

5.4.3.2.

4.4.3.3 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational)

Type A and Type B VADs shall operate correctly when submitted to sinusoidal vibration as specified in 5.4.3.3.

4.4.3.4 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance)

Type A and Type B VADs shall be capable of withstanding the effect of sinusoidal vibration as specified in5.4.3.4.

4.4.4 Corrosion resistance Sulphur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance)

Type A and Type B VADs shall be capable of withstanding exposure to an SO2 corrosive atmosphere asspecified in 5.4.4.



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4.4.5 Electrical stability EMC, immunity (operational)

Type A and Type B VADs shall operate correctly when submitted to electromagnetic interference as specifiedin 5.4.5.

5 Tests and evaluation methods

5.1 General

5.1.1 Atmospheric conditions for tests

Unless otherwise stated in a test procedure, the testing shall be carried out after the test specimen has beenallowed to stabilize in the standard atmospheric conditions for testing described in EN 60068-1:1994, asfollows:

temperature: 15 °C to 35 °C;

relative humidity: 25 % to 75 %;

air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa.

The temperature and humidity shall be substantially constant for each test where these standard atmosphericconditions are applied.

5.1.2 Operating conditions for tests

If a test method requires a specimen to be giving the visual alarm signal, then the specimen shall beconnected to suitable power supply equipment as specified in the data provided by the manufacturer. Where,

in order to be giving the visual alarm signal, a VAD also requires the application of a control signal or signals,this shall be provided in accordance with the manufacturer's specification.

If a test method requires a specimen to be in the quiescent state, then the specimen shall not be supplied withpower unless it is a VAD of the types which have electronic circuits for analyzing control signals and triggeringthe visual alarm signal, in which case the specimen shall be connected to suitable power supply and controlequipment as specified in the data provided by the manufacturer and the control signals shall be arranged sothat the specimen is in a non-signalling state.

Unless otherwise specified in the test procedure, the supply parameters applied to the specimen shall be setwithin the manufacturer's specified range(s) and shall remain constant throughout the tests. The value chosenfor each parameter shall be the nominal value, or the mean of the specified range.

If different light levels for operation under different conditions are declared (see 4.3.6.2), then, unlessotherwise specified by the test procedure, the tests shall be conducted under one selected mode of operationonly. Selection of the mode of operation shall be made with the aim to use that which consumes the mostpower. This shall normally be the brightest mode and/or the mode with the highest frequency of flashing.

NOTE All modes of operation and all voltage ranges are tested in 5.4.

5.1.3 Mounting arrangements

Unless otherwise specified, the specimen shall be mounted by its normal means of attachment in accordancewith the manufacturer's instructions on a flat, rigid backing board. If these instructions describe more than onemethod of mounting then the method considered to be most unfavourable shall be chosen for each test.



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5.1.4 Tolerances

The tolerances for the environmental test parameters shall be given in the basic reference standards for thetest (e.g. the relevant part of EN 60068).

If a specific tolerance or deviation limit is not specified in a requirement or test procedure, then a deviationlimit of ± 5 % shall be applied.

5.1.5 Provision for tests

The following shall be provided for testing compliance with this European Standard:

a) eight specimens of Type A or ten specimens of Type B VADs with any mounting, bases, boxes oraccessories, etc.;

b) any equipment, such as a control and indicating equipment, as may be necessary for the correctoperation of the VAD in accordance with the manufacturer's specification;

c) the data required in 4.3.6.2.

The specimens submitted shall be deemed representative of the manufacturer's normal production withregard to their construction and settings.

NOTE The details of the power supply equipment used and/or the equipment used for generating the controlsignal(s) should be given in the test report.

5.1.6 Test schedule

The specimens shall be tested and inspected according to the schedule given in Table 1.

All the specimens shall be first submitted to the reproducibility test described in 5.1.7. On completion of thereproducibility test, the specimen with the least bright light level shall be numbered 1 and the rest arbitrarilynumbered from 2 to 8 for Type A or 2 to 10 for Type B.

Unless otherwise required by the test procedure, the mode of operation selected for conducting thereproducibility test shall be used for the other tests.



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Table 1 — Test schedule

Test c Clause Specimen No(s) a, b, c

Type A Type B

Reproducibility 5.1.7 All All

Duration of operation 5.2.1 1 1

Enclosure protection 5.2.4 2 2

Coverage volume 5.3.1 2 2

Variation of light output 5.3.2 2 2

Synchronization (option with requirements) 5.3.7 1, 2 1, 2

Dry heat (operational) 5.4.1.1 3 3Dry heat (endurance) 5.4.1.2 — 9

Cold (operational) 5.4.1.3 3 3

Damp heat, cyclic (operational) 5.4.2.1 3 3

Damp heat, steady state (endurance) 5.4.2.2 3 3

Damp heat, cyclic (endurance) 5.4.2.3 — 10

Shock (operational) 5.4.3.1 4 5

Impact (operational) 5.4.3.2 5 5

Vibration (operational) 5.4.3.3 6 6

Vibration (endurance) 5.4.3.4 6 6

SO2 corrosion (endurance) 5.4.4 7 7

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), immunity (operational):

Electrostatic discharge

Radiated electromagnetic fields

Conducted disturbances induced by electromagnetic fields

Voltage transients fast transient bursts

Voltage transients slow high energy voltage surge

5.4.5b 8 8

a Where a specimen is intended to be used for more than one test and its light output level differs from that measured during thereproducibility test by more than a factor of 2 after one of the tests, a new specimen shall be used for the next test on the schedule forthat specimen. The light output level shall be first measured as specified in 5.1.7.

b The EMC tests specified in 5.4.5 are not required for VADs which do not rely on active electronic components for their operation.

c The tests on an individual specimen may be carried out in any order except that the reproducibility test (5.1.7) shall be performedfirst on all specimens and the tests on specimen 2 shall be carried out in the order listed, except for the enclosure protection test,5.2.4, which shall be conducted last.



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5.1.7 Reproducibility

5.1.7.1 Object of the test

To show that the light output of the VAD does not vary unduly from specimen to specimen and to establish

light output data for comparison with the light output measured during and/or after the environmental testsspecified in this European Standard.

5.1.7.2 Test procedure

The light output levels of all the specimens shall be measured as described in Annex B.

The measurement shall be recorded for each specimen and the light output level of the brightest and the leastbright specimen shall be designated Qmax and Qmin, respectively.

5.1.7.3 Test requirements

The ratio of the light output levels Qmax:Qmin shall not exceed 2.

5.2 Operational reliability

5.2.1 Duration of operation


To show that the light level of the VAD does not change significantly after prolonged operation.


5.2.1.2.1 Conditioning

The specimen shall be subjected to the following durability cycle 100 times:

operational condition for 1 h at the maximum of the supply voltage declared (see 4.3.6.2, a));

non-operational condition for 1 h.

5.2.1.2.2 Final measurements

Within 1 h of the completion of the durability cycles:

a) for VAD using multiple light sources, the functioning of each light source shall be verified;

b) the light output of the specimen shall be measured as described in Annex B.


The specimen shall be deemed to have passed this test if:

a) all light sources are functioning when checked during final measurements (see 5.2.1.2.2, a)); and

b) the light output level measured after 100 durability cycles does not change by more than 1,5 from thatmeasured, for the same specimen, under the same operating condition, in the reproducibility test(see 5.1.7).



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5.2.2 Provision for external conductors

A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the VAD meets the requirements for theprovision for external conductors as specified in 4.2.2.

5.2.3 Flammability of materials

Verification of compliance to the flammability of materials requirements specified in 4.2.3 shall be carried outby examination of a certificate of conformity or test report(s) for the material used in the construction of theenclosure.

NOTE 1 Many manufacturers of plastic materials provide certificate of conformity or test reports against therequirements and tests methods specified in UL 94. These certificates or test reports can be used where they provideequivalent classification to those specified in 4.2.3.

NOTE 2 See Annex D for comparison of the test requirements and flammability classes given in the IEC standardsspecified in 4.2.3 and equivalent flammability categories in UL 94.

5.2.4 Enclosure protection

5.2.4.1 Object of the tests

To demonstrate that the degree of protection provided by the enclosure of the VAD, with regard to the ingressof solid foreign objects and the harmful effects due to the ingress of water, meets the minimum requirementsof this European Standard (see 4.2.4).

5.2.4.2 Enclosure of the VAD

The enclosure of the VAD shall be taken as comprising any parts of the outer physical envelope of the devicewhich prevent or restrict access of solid foreign objects to the light source, electronic assembly(ies) and wiring

terminals.

NOTE Ingress of liquid inside the enclosure may be possible, but should not adversely affect the operation of thedevice.

5.2.4.3 Test procedures

5.2.4.3.1 Reference

The test apparatus and procedures shall be as described in EN 60529:1991 as amended byEN 60529:1991/A1:2000. The following tests shall be conducted:

a) protection against solid foreign objects indicated by the first characteristic numeral;b) protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the additional letter;

c) protection against water indicated by the second characteristic numeral.

The test for protection against water shall be conducted last.

5.2.4.3.2 State of the specimen during conditioning

The specimen under test shall be:

a) unpowered during the test for protection against solid foreign objects;

b) unpowered during the test for protection against access to hazardous parts;



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c) powered and giving the visual alarm signal during the test for protection against water.

The specimen under test shall be mounted as specified in EN 60529:1991 as amended byEN 60529:1991/A1:2000 and shall include all wiring termination boxes which form part of the VAD wheninstalled.


The test conditions specified in EN 60529:1991 shall be applied as follows:

a) Type A, indoor use: IP21C;

b) Type B, outdoor use: IP33C.

5.2.4.3.4 Measurements during conditioning

During the conditioning for the test for protection against water, the specimen shall be monitored to check that

the VAD continues to give the visual alarm signal, in the selected mode of operation, without interruptions.


At the end of the conditioning period for the test for protection against water:

a) the specimen shall be examined for ingress of water inside the enclosure;

b) for VAD using multiple light sources, the functioning of each light source shall be verified; and

c) the light output level of the specimen shall be measured as described in Annex B;

d) the light output measured in 5.2.4.3.5, c), or that measured in the reproducibility test (see 5.1.7) shall be

designated Qmax and the lower of the two measurements shall be designated Qmin.



a) the specimen tested complies with the acceptance conditions for the test for protection against solidforeign objects of EN 60529:1991 as amended by EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, 13.3;

b) the specimen tested complies with the acceptance conditions for the test against protection againstaccess to hazardous parts of EN 60529:1991 as amended by EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, 15.3;

c) after the conditioning period for the test for protection against water:

1) all light sources are functioning when checked during final measurements (see 5.2.4.3.5, b)); and

2) the ratio of the light output levels Qmax:Qmin does not exceed 1,5; and

3) no water has penetrated the enclosure or, if water has penetrated the enclosure, the deviceincorporates adequate provision for drainage.

5.2.5 Access

A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the VAD meets the requirements for accessas specified in 4.2.5.



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5.2.6 Manufacturer's adjustments

A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the VAD meet the requirements formanufacturer's adjustment as specified in 4.2.6.

5.2.7 On site adjustments of behaviour

A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the VAD meets the requirements for on siteadjustments of behaviour as specified in 4.2.7.

5.2.8 Requirements for software controlled devices

For VADs that rely on software for their operation, an inspection of the documentation provided by themanufacturer shall be conducted to verify that the device complies with the requirements specified in 4.2.8.

5.3 Performance parameters under fire conditions

5.3.1 Coverage volume


To check that the effective luminous intensity declared can be achieved at the worst case of the specifiedsupply parameters (e.g. voltage) and is not unduly dependent on these parameters.


The effective luminous intensity of the specimen shall be measured as described in Annex A with the supplyparameters set at the minimum of the declared range(s) (see 4.3.6.2, a) and 4.3.6.2, c)).

If different effective luminous intensities and different flashing frequencies and/or temporal patterns fordifferent modes of operation are declared (see 4.3.6.2, e)), then the effective luminous intensity of thespecimen shall be measured under each mode.

After all the measurements have been made, select the position which produced the highest effectiveluminous intensity and repeat the measurement for that position with the supply parameters set at themaximum of the declared range(s) (see 4.3.6.2, a) and 4.3.6.2, c)).



a) the effective luminous intensity is greater than 1 cd for 70 % of all the measurement points; andb) the effective luminous intensity does not exceed 500 cd, at any measurement point; and

c) the coverage characteristic at each of the specified angles is not less than that required by the categoryof VAD declared (see 4.3.6.2, d)).

5.3.2 Variation of luminous intensity


To show that the effective luminous intensity of the specimen does not unduly vary over time.



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The specimen shall be mounted as shown in Figure A.2, with an rotation of 90° (Figure A.2, view C). Thesignal received by the light sensor shall be logged and the VAD shall be powered until the stabilization timespecified by the manufacturer is achieved or for 30 min whichever is shorter. The effective luminous intensity

I eff(av) shall be determined as described in A.6 after 1 min, 10 min, 20 min and 30 min.

The maximum I eff(av) shall be designated P max and the minimum I eff(av) shall be designated P min.


The specimen shall be deemed to have passed this test if P max: P min is less than 1,33.

5.3.3 Minimum and maximum light intensity

The test method and test requirements specified in 5.3.1 shall be applied for assessing the minimum andmaximum light intensity of the VAD.

5.3.4 Light colour

A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the VAD meets the light colourrequirements specified in 4.3.4.

5.3.5 Light pattern and frequency of flashing

Timing measurements shall be conducted on a specimen to verify that the VAD meets the light temporalpattern and frequency and flashing requirements specified in 4.3.5.

5.3.6 Marking and data

Inspection of the marking of a specimen and of the data provided with the VAD shall be conducted to verifythat these meet the requirements specified in 4.3.6.

NOTE Inspection of manufacturing drawings or artwork representative of the product marking is acceptable.

5.3.7 Synchronization (option with requirements)


To measure the ability of VADs to remain synchronized over a period of 30 min after the supply has beenapplied to the devices.

NOTE This test applies only to VADs that include a synchronization function.


The following procedure shall apply:

a) Two specimens shall be placed in adjacent areas that have the same ambient temperature but areseparated such that there is no light interaction between each specimen.

b) Each specimen to be tested shall be powered from suitable power supply equipment (see 5.1.2).

c) Identical light sensors shall be placed at suitable identical distances in front of each specimen under test.

The light sensors shall be connected to a dual channel measuring instrument (see Figure 1).



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d) The two specimens being tested shall be powered or their operation shall be triggered by the controlequipment. The time between the start of the flashes produced by the two specimens shall be measured.The time differences between the signals shall be measured and recorded.

e) The measurements shall be made when the devices are powered on and thereafter every 5 min until the

devices have been operating for 30 min. If the supply to the devices is interrupted at any point during the30 min test period, then the test sequence shall be repeated over a new period of 30 min.

f) The measurements in 5.3.7.2, d) and 5.3.7.2, e) shall be carried out at the minimum and maximum supplyparameters declared by the manufacturer (see 4.3.6.2, a) and 4.3.6.2, c).


The specimen shall be deemed to have passed this test if the measured time differences between the twodevices under test are within the following limits:

a) at the start of the 30 min test the time difference is equal to or less than 0,02 s; and

b) for all measurements over the 30 min test, the time difference is equal to or less than 0,05 s.

Key

1 power supply/control equipment

2 VAD under test No. 1

3 VAD under test No. 2

4 trigger wire (if required)

5 light sensors

6 dual channel signal measurement/recording instrument

7 light-proof screen

Figure 1 — Test arrangement for measuring synchronization



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5.4 Durability

5.4.1 Temperature resistance

5.4.1.1 Dry heat (operational)

5.4.1.1.1 Object of the test

To demonstrate the ability of the VAD to function correctly at high ambient temperatures, which may occur forshort periods in the service environment.

5.4.1.1.2 Test procedure

5.4.1.1.2.1 Reference

The test apparatus and procedure shall generally be as described in test Bb for non-heat dissipating

specimens or test Bd for heat dissipating specimens as described in EN 60068-2-2:2007 except that the testshall be conducted as specified in Annex B.

5.4.1.1.2.2 Pre-conditioning test

The specimen shall be mounted in the light chamber as specified in Annex B.

Where modifications to the light chamber are necessary in order to heat the chamber, a pre-conditioningmeasurement of the light output as described in Annex B shall be made just before the start of conditioning. Inthis case, this result of this preconditioning test shall replace that obtained during the reproducibility test.

5.4.1.1.2.3 State of specimen during conditioning

The specimen shall be maintained in the quiescent state during the conditioning period except during the lasthour when it shall be giving the visual alarm signal (see 5.1.2).

5.4.1.1.2.4 Conditioning

The air temperature in the light output test chamber shall be increased to the test temperature at a rate notexceeding 1 K/min. The test conditions in Table 2 shall be applied.

Table 2 — Conditions for dry heat (operational) test

Type Temperature°C

Durationh

A 55 ± 2 16

B 70 ± 2 16

5.4.1.1.2.5 Measurements during conditioning

Those devices requiring power during the quiescent state (see 5.1.2) shall be monitored for false alarms andfault signals during the conditioning period.

The air temperature of the light output test chamber shall be measured and logged at the location of the VAD.

The light output level shall be measured as described in Annex B after the first minute of the specimen giving

the visual alarm signal.



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5.4.1.1.2.6 Final measurements

After the recovery period specified in EN 60068-2-2:2007:


b) the light output level of the specimen shall be measured as described in Annex B.

The light output measured in 5.4.1.1.2.6, b), or that measured in the reproducibility test if used, shall bedesignated Qmax and Qmin for the maximum and minimum light outputs respectively.

5.4.1.1.3 Test requirements


a) no false alarm or fault signals is given during the conditioning; and

b) all light sources are functioning when checked during final measurements (see 5.4.1.1.2.6, a)); and

c) the ratio of the light output levels Qmax:Qmin does not exceed 1,5.

NOTE If the VAD is combined with a heat detector which could operate at (55 ± 2) °C, then the response of the heatdetector can be disabled or ignored during the test.

5.4.1.2 Dry heat (endurance)

5.4.1.2.1 Object

To demonstrate the ability of the VAD to withstand long term ageing effects.



The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in test Ba or Bb of EN 60068-2-2:2007.

5.4.1.2.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning

The specimen shall not be supplied with power during the conditioning.


The test conditions in Table 3 shall be applied.

Table 3 — Conditions for dry heat (endurance) test

Type Temperature

°CDuration

days

A No test No test

B 70 ± 2 21


No measurements are required during the conditioning.



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The light output measured in 5.4.1.2.2.5, b), or that measured in the reproducibility test (see 5.1.7) shall bedesignated Qmax and Qmin for the maximum and minimum light outputs respectively.



a) no false alarm or fault signal attributable to the endurance conditioning shall be given on reconnection ofthe specimen; and

b) all light sources are functioning when checked during final measurements (see 5.4.1.2.2.5, a); and


5.4.1.3 Cold (operational)


To demonstrate the ability of the VAD to function correctly at low ambient temperatures appropriate to theanticipated service environment.



The test procedure shall generally be as described in test Ab for non-dissipating specimens, or test Ad forheat dissipating specimens, of EN 60068-2-1:2007 except that the test shall be conducted as specified in Annex B.

5.4.1.3.2.2 Pre-conditioning test

The specimen shall be mounted in the light chamber as specified in Annex B.

Where modifications to the light chamber are necessary in order to cool the chamber, a pre-conditioningmeasurement of the light output as described in Annex B shall be made just before the start of conditioning. Inthis case, the result of this preconditioning test shall replace that obtained during the reproducibility test.

5.4.1.3.2.3 State of specimen during conditioning

The specimen shall be maintained in the quiescent state during the conditioning period except during the lasthour when it shall be giving the visual alarm signal (see 5.1.2).


The air temperature in the light output test chamber shall be reduced to the required test temperature at a ratenot exceeding 1 K/min. The test conditions in Table 4 shall be applied.



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Table 4 — Conditions for cold (operational) test

Type Temperature

°CDuration

h

A - 10 ± 3 16

B - 25 ± 3 a 16

a In countries where temperatures below - 25 °C are not considered exceptional alower test temperature may be applied for Type B VADs.


Those devices requiring power during the quiescent state (see 5.1.2) shall be monitored for false alarms andfault signals during the conditioning period.

The air temperature of the light output test chamber shall be measured and logged at the location of the VAD.

The light output level shall be measured as described in Annex B after the first minute of the specimen givingthe visual alarm signal.





The light output measured in 5.4.1.3.2.6, b), or that measured in the reproducibility test, if used, shall be

designated Qmax and Qmin for the maximum and minimum light outputs respectively.



a) no false alarm or fault signals are given during the conditioning; and



5.4.2 Humidity resistance

5.4.2.1 Damp heat, cyclic (operational)


To demonstrate the immunity of the VAD to an environment with high relative humidity, where condensationmay occur on the device.



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The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-30:2005, using the Variant 1 test cycle

and controlled recovery conditions.


The specimen shall be maintained in the quiescent state during the conditioning period except during the lasthalf hour of the high temperature phase of the last cycle when it shall be giving the visual alarm signal(see 5.1.2).



Table 5 — Conditions for damp heat, cyclic (operational) test

Type Lowertemperature

°C

Relative humidity(lower temperature)

% RH

Uppertemperature

°C

Relative humidity(upper temperature)

% RH

Numberof cycles

A 25 ± 3 > 95 40 ± 2 93 ± 3 2

B 25 ± 3 > 95 55 ± 2 93 ± 3 2


Except during the final 30 min of conditioning, those devices requiring power during the quiescent state

(see 5.1.2) shall be monitored for false operation and fault signals during the conditioning period.

The specimen shall be checked for visual operation during the final half hour of the high temperature phase inthe last cycle.


After the recovery period specified in EN 60068-2-30: 2005:






a) no false operation or fault signals are detected (see 5.4.2.1.2.4); and





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5.4.2.2 Damp heat, steady state (endurance)


To demonstrate the ability of the VAD to withstand the long term effects of humidity in the service environment

(e.g. changes in electrical properties due to absorption, chemical reactions involving moisture, galvaniccorrosion, etc.).



The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-78:2001, Test Cab.





Table 6 — Conditions for damp heat, steady state (endurance) test

Type Temperature°C

Relativehumidity

% RH

Duration

days

A & B 40 ± 2 93 ± 3 21




After the recovery period specified in EN 60068-2-78:2001, Test Cab:

a) for VAD using multiple light sources, the functioning of each light source shall be verified; and


The light output measured in 5.4.2.2.2.5, b), or that measured in the reproducibility test (see 5 1.7) shall bedesignated Qmax and Qmin for the maximum and minimum light outputs respectively.



a) no false alarm or fault signal attributable to the endurance conditioning shall be given on reconnection ofthe specimen;





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5.4.2.3 Damp heat, cyclic (endurance)


To demonstrate the ability of the VAD to withstand the longer term effects of high humidity and condensation.



The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-30:2005, using the Variant 1 test cycleand controlled recovery conditions.





Table 7 — Conditions for damp heat cyclic (endurance) test

Environmentaltype

Lowertemperature

°C

Relative humidity(lower temperature)

%

Uppertemperature

°C

Relative humidity(upper temperature)

%

Number of cycles

A No test

B 25 ± 2 ≥ 95 55 ± 2 93 ± 3 6















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5.4.3 Shock and vibration resistance

5.4.3.1 Shock (operational)


To demonstrate the immunity of the VAD to mechanical shocks, which are likely to occur, albeit infrequently,in the anticipated service environment.



The test apparatus and procedure shall be generally as described in EN 60068-2-27:2009, Test Ea, exceptthat the conditioning shall be as described in 5.4.3.1.2.3.


The specimen shall be mounted on a rigid fixture and shall be maintained in the quiescent state during theconditioning period (see 5.1.2).



Table 8 — Conditions for shock (operational) test

Type Pulse durationms

Maximum acceleration relatedto specimen mass M

m s-2

Number ofshock

directionsper axis

Number ofpulses per

direction

M ≤ 4,75 kg M > 4,75 kg

A & B 6 ± 5 10 × (100 – 20 M) No test 6 3


The specimen shall be monitored for false operation and fault signals during the conditioning period and afurther 2 min after the end of the conditioning period.


a) For VAD using multiple light sources, the functioning of each light source shall be verified; and

b) the light output level of the specimen shall be measured as described in Annex B after the conditioning.




a) no false operation or fault signals are detected (see 5.4.3.1.2.4) during the conditioning period, and afurther 2 min; and



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c) the ratio of the light output levels Qma:Qmin does not exceed 1,5.

5.4.3.2 Impact (operational)


To demonstrate the immunity of the VAD to mechanical impacts upon its surface, which it may sustain in thenormal service environment, and which it can reasonably be expected to withstand.


5.4.3.2.2.1 Apparatus

The test apparatus shall be as described in EN 60068-2-75:1997, Test Eh for Test Ehb.


The specimen shall be maintained in the quiescent state during the conditioning period (see 5.1.2).


Impact shall be applied to each accessible surface of the specimen at any point(s) considered likely to causedamage or to impair the operation of the specimen. The test conditions in Table 9 shall be applied.

Table 9 — Conditions for impact (operational) test

Type Impact energy

J

Number of impacts

per accessible point

A & B 0,5 ± 0,04 3

5.4.3.2.2.4 Measurement during conditioning

The specimen shall be monitored for false operation and fault signals during the conditioning period and afurther 2 min after the end of the conditioning period.







a) no false operation or fault signals are detected (see 5.4.3.2.2.4) during the conditioning period and afurther 2 min; and




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5.4.3.3 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational)


To demonstrate the immunity of the VAD to vibration at levels considered appropriate to the normal serviceenvironment.



The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-6:2008, Test Fc.


The specimen shall be mounted on a rigid structure and the vibration shall be applied in each of threemutually perpendicular axes, in turn. The specimen shall be mounted so that one of the three axes isperpendicular to its normal mounting plane.

The conditioning shall be applied to the specimen in both the quiescent state and when giving the visual alarmsignal (see 5.1.2).



Table 10 — Conditions for vibration, sinusoidal; (operational) test

Type Frequencyrange

Hz

Accelerationamplitudem s-2 {g n}

Number of axis

Sweep rate

octave/minNumber of sweep cyclesper axis per functional

conditions(see 5.4.3.3.2.2)

A & B 10 to 150 5 {0,5} 3 1 2

NOTE The vibration operational and endurance tests may be combined such that the specimen is subjectedto the operational test conditioning followed by the endurance test conditioning in one axis before changing tothe next axis. Only one final measurement need then be made.


The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect:

a) any false operation or fault signals when in the quiescent state; and

b) any interruption of light output when flashing.






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The light output measured in 5.4.3.3.2.5, or that measured in the reproducibility test (see 5.1.7) shall bedesignated Qmax and Qmin for the maximum and minimum light outputs respectively.



a) no false operation or fault signals and no interruption of light output are detected during the conditioningperiod (see 5.4.3.3.2.4); and



5.4.3.4 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance)


To demonstrate the ability of the VAD to withstand the long term effects of vibration at levels appropriate tothe service environment.



The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in Test Fc of EN 60068-2-6:2008.


The specimen shall be mounted on a rigid fixture and the vibration shall be applied in each of three mutuallyperpendicular axes, in turn. The specimen shall be mounted so that one of the three axes is perpendicular toits normal mounting plane.




Table 11 — Conditions for vibration, sinusoidal; (endurance) test

Type Frequencyrange

Hz

Accelerationamplitudem s-2 {g n}

Numberof axes

Sweep rate

octave/minNumber of sweep cycles per axis

per functional condition

(see 5.4.3.4.2.2)

A & B 10 to 150 10 {1} 3 1 20

NOTE The vibration operational and endurance tests may be combined such that the specimen is subjected to theoperational test conditioning followed by the endurance test conditioning in one axis before changing to the next axis. Only one finalmeasurement need then be made.





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a) all light sources are functioning when checked during final measurements (see 5.4.3.4.2.5, a)); and

b) the ratio of the light output levels Qmax:Qmin does not exceed 1,5.

5.4.4 Corrosion resistance Sulphur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance)


To demonstrate the ability of the VAD to withstand the corrosive effect of sulphur dioxide as an atmosphericpollutant.


5.4.4.2.1 Reference

The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-42:2003, Test Kc, except for the

relative humidity of the test atmosphere, which shall be maintained (93 ± 3) % instead of (75 ± 5) %.


The specimen shall have untinned copper wires, of appropriate diameter, connected to sufficient terminals toallow the functional test to be made after conditioning, without making further connections to the specimen.




Table 12 — Conditions for sulphur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance) test

Type Sulphur dioxidecontent

µl/l

Temperature

°CRelativehumidity

%

Durationdays

A & B 25 ± 5 25 ± 2 93 ± 3 21

5.4.4.2.4 Measurements during the conditioning




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Immediately after the conditioning the specimen shall be subjected to a drying period of 16 h at (40 ± 2) °C,and relative humidity 50 %, followed by a recovery period of 1 h to 2 h at the standard laboratory conditions. After the recovery period:


b) the light output level of the specimen shall be measured as described in Annex B after the specifiedrecovery period.

The light output measured in 5.4.4.2.5, b), or that measured in the reproducibility test (see 5.1.7) shall bedesignated Qmax and Qmin for the maximum and minimum light outputs respectively.




b) all light sources are functioning when checked during final measurements (see 5.4.4.2.5, a)); and


5.4.5 Electrical stability Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), immunity

NOTE This test is only applicable to VADs which rely on active electronic components for their operation.

5.4.5.1 Object of the tests

To demonstrate the immunity of the VAD to electromagnetic interference.

5.4.5.2 Test procedures

5.4.5.2.1 Reference

EMC, immunity tests shall be carried out as described in EN 50130-4:1995 as amended byEN 50130-4:1995/A1:1998 and EN 50130-4:1995/A2:2003. The following tests shall be conducted:

a) electrostatic discharge;

b) radiated electromagnetic fields;

c) conducted disturbances induced by electromagnetic fields;

d) fast transient burst;

e) slow high energy voltage surge.


The specimen shall be in the following state during conditioning:

a) quiescent state for tests in 5.4.5.2.1, a), 5.4.5.2.1, d) and 5.4.5.2.1, e); andb) quiescent state and when giving a visual alarm signal for tests 5.4.5.2.1, b) and 5.4.5.2.1, c).



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The tests conditions specified in EN 50130-4:1995 as amended by EN 50130-4:1995/A1:1998 andEN 50130-4:1995/A2:2003 for the tests listed in 5.4.5.2.1 shall be applied.

5.4.5.2.4 Measurements during conditioning

During the conditioning period, the specimen shall be monitored to detect:

a) any false operation or fault signals when in the quiescent state; and

b) any interruption of light output when flashing.




The light output measured in 5.4.5.2.5, b), or that measured in the reproducibility test (see 5.1.7) shall bedesignated Qmax and Qmin for the maximum and minimum light outputs respectively.


The specimen shall be deemed to have passed this test if the tests criteria for compliance specified inEN 50130-4:1995 as amended by EN 50130-4:1995/A1:1998 and EN 50130-4:1995/A2:2003 and thefollowing are met:

a) no false operation or fault signals and, when giving the visual alarm signal, no interruption of light outputare detected during the conditioning period (see 5.4.5.2.4); and

b) all light sources are functioning when checked during final measurements (see 5.4.5.2.5, a)); and


6 Evaluation of conformity

6.1 General

The evaluation of conformity of the VAD to the requirements of this European Standard and with the statedvalues shall be demonstrated by:

initial type testing;

factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment.

NOTE The assignments of the tasks to the notified body(ies) and the manufacturer are shown in Annex ZA, TableZA.3.

The manufacturer shall ensure:

that the initial type testing in accordance with this European Standard is initiated and carried out underthe responsibility of a notified product certification body; and

that the product continuously complies with the initial type testing samples, for which compliance with this

European Standard has been verified.



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The manufacturer shall always retain the overall control and shall have the necessary means to takeresponsibility for the product.

6.2 Initial type testing

6.2.1 General

Initial type testing shall be performed to demonstrate compliance with this European Standard.

Tests previously performed in accordance with the provision of this standard may be taken into accountproviding that they were made to the same or a more rigorous test method under the same system ofattestation of conformity on the same product or products of similar design, construction and functionality suchthat the results are applicable to the product in question.

NOTE 1 Same system of attestation of conformity means testing by an independent third party under the responsibilityof a product certification body.

For the purpose of testing (including factory production control testing), products may be grouped into familieswhere it is considered that the results for one or more characteristics from any one VAD of the family arerepresentative for all the VAD within that family.

NOTE 2 Products may be in different families for different characteristics.

NOTE 3 Reference to the test method standards should be made to allow the selection of a suitable representativesample.

In addition, initial type testing shall be performed at the beginning of the production of a new VAD type (unlessa member of the same family) or at the beginning of a new method of production (where this may affect thestated properties).

Where components are used whose characteristics have already been determined by the componentmanufacturer, on the basis of conformity with other product standards, these characteristics need not be re-assessed. The specifications of these components shall be documented, as shall the inspection scheme forensuring their conformity.

Products CE marked in accordance with appropriate harmonised European specifications may be presumedto have the performances stated with the CE marking, although this does not replace the responsibility on themanufacturer to ensure that the VAD is correctly designed and its component products have the necessaryperformance values to meet the design.

All essential characteristics for which the manufacturer declares performances, are subject to initial typetesting. Whenever a change occurs in the VAD design, the raw material or supplier of the components, or theproduction process (subject to the definition of a family), which would affect significantly one or more of the

characteristics, the type tests shall be repeated for the appropriate characteristic(s).

6.2.2 Test samples

Test samples shall be representative of the current production.

6.2.3 Test reports

All initial type testing and its results shall be documented in a test report. All test reports shall be retained bythe manufacturer for at least ten years after the last date of production of the VAD to which they relate.



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6.3 Factory production control

6.3.1 General

The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain a factory production control (FPC) system to ensure

that the products placed on the market comply to the stated performance characteristics.

The FPC system shall consist of procedures, regular inspections and tests and/or assessments and the use ofthe results to control raw and other incoming materials or components, equipment, the production process andthe product.

All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in asystematic manner in the form of written policies and procedures. This production control systemdocumentation shall ensure a common understanding of conformity evaluation and enable the achievement ofthe required product characteristics and the effective operation of the production control system to be checked.

Factory production control therefore brings together operational techniques and all measures allowingmaintenance and control of the compliance of the product with this technical specification.

6.3.2 General requirements

6.3.2.1 General

The manufacturer is responsible for organising the effective implementation of the factory production controlsystem. Tasks and responsibilities in the production control organisation shall be documented and thisdocumentation shall be kept up-to-date.

In each factory the manufacturer may delegate the action to a person having the necessary authority to:

identify procedures to demonstrate conformity of the product at appropriate stages;

identify and record any instance of non-conformity;

identify procedures to correct instances of non conformity.

The manufacturer shall draw up and keep up-to-date documents defining the factory production control whichhe applies. The manufacturer's documentation and procedures should be appropriate to the product andmanufacturing process. All FPC systems should achieve an appropriate level of confidence in the conformityof the product. This involves:

a) the preparation of documented procedures and instructions relating to factory production controloperations, in accordance with the requirements of the reference technical specification (see 6.3.1);

b) the effective implementation of these procedures and instructions;

c) the recording of these operations and their results;

d) the use of these results to correct any deviations, repair the effects of such deviations, treat any resultinginstances of non-conformity and, if necessary, revise the FPC to rectify the cause of non-conformity.

Where subcontracting takes place, the manufacturer shall retain the overall control of the product and ensurethat he receives all the information that is necessary to fulfil his responsibilities according to this EuropeanStandard.

If the manufacturer has part of the product designed, manufactured, assembled, packed, processed and/or

labelled by subcontracting, the FPC of the subcontractor may be taken into account, where appropriate for theproduct in question. The manufacturer who subcontracts all of his activities may in no circumstances passthese responsibilities on to a subcontractor.



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Manufacturers having an FPC system which complies with EN ISO 9001:2008 and which addresses therequirements of this European Standard, are recognised as satisfying the FPC requirements of the Directive.

6.3.2.2 Equipment

6.3.2.2.1 Testing

All weighing, measuring and testing equipment shall be calibrated and regularly inspected according todocumented procedures, frequencies and criteria.

6.3.2.2.2 Manufacturing

All equipment used in the manufacturing process shall be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure use,wear or failure does not cause inconsistency in the manufacturing process. Inspections and maintenance shallbe carried out and recorded in accordance with the manufacturer's written procedures and the recordsretained for the period defined in the manufacturer's FPC procedures.

6.3.2.3 Raw materials and components

The specifications of all incoming raw materials and components shall be documented, as shall the inspectionscheme for ensuring their conformity.

6.3.2.4 Design process

The factory production control system shall document the various stages in the design of products, identify thechecking procedure and those individuals responsible for all stages of design.

During the design process itself, a record shall be kept of all checks, their results, and any corrective actionstaken. This record shall be sufficiently detailed and accurate to demonstrate that all stages of the design

phase, and all checks, have been carried out satisfactorily.

6.3.3 Product specific requirements

The FPC system shall:

address this European Standard; and

ensure that the products placed on the market comply with the stated performance characteristics.

The FPC system shall include a product specific FPC, which identifies procedures to demonstrate conformityof the product at appropriate stages, i.e.:

a) the controls and tests to be carried out prior to and/or during manufacture according to a frequency laiddown in the FPC plan; and/or

b) the verifications and tests to be carried out on finished products according to a frequency laid down in theFPC plan.

If the manufacturer uses only finished products, the operations under b) shall lead to an equivalent level ofconformity of the product as if FPC had been carried out during the production.

If the manufacturer carries out parts of the production himself, the operations under b) may be reduced andpartly replaced by operations under a). Generally, the more parts of the production that are carried out by themanufacturer, the more operations under b) may be replaced by operations under a). In any case the

operation shall lead to an equivalent level of conformity of the product as if FPC had been carried out duringthe production.



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NOTE Depending on the specific case, it can be necessary to carry out the operations referred to under a) and b),only the operations under a) or only those under b).

The operations under a) centre as much on the intermediate states of the product as on manufacturingmachines and their adjustment, and measuring equipment, etc. These controls and tests and their frequency

shall be chosen based on product type and composition, the manufacturing process and its complexity, thesensitivity of product features to variations in manufacturing parameters, etc.

The manufacturer shall establish and maintain records that provide evidence that the production has beensampled and tested. These records shall show clearly whether the production has satisfied the definedacceptance criteria and shall be available for at least three years. These records shall be available forinspection by the Notified Body.

Where the product fails to satisfy the acceptance measures, the provisions for non-conforming products shallapply, the necessary corrective action shall immediately be taken and the products or batches not conformingshall be isolated and properly identified. Once the fault has been corrected, the test or verification in questionshall be repeated.

The results of controls and tests shall be properly recorded. The product description, date of manufacture, testmethod adopted, test results and acceptance criteria shall be entered in the records under the signature of theperson responsible for the control/test. With regard to any control result not meeting the requirements of thisEuropean Standard, the corrective measures taken to rectify the situation (e.g. a further test carried out,modification of manufacturing process, throwing away or putting right of product) shall be indicated in therecords.

Individual products or batches of products and the related manufacturing documentation shall be completelyidentifiable and retraceable.

6.3.4 Initial inspection of factory and FPC

Initial inspection of FPC shall be carried out when the production process has been finalised and in operation.The factory and FPC documentation shall be assessed to verify that the requirements of 6.3.1 and 6.3.2 arefulfilled.

In the assessment it shall be verified:

a) that all resources necessary for the achievement of the product characteristics required by this EuropeanStandard; and

b) that the FPC-procedures in accordance with the FPC documentation are followed in practice; and

c) that the product complies with the initial type testing samples, for which compliance with this EuropeanStandard has been verified.

All locations where final assembly or at least final testing of the relevant product is performed, shall beassessed to verify that the above conditions a) to c) are in place.

If the FPC system covers more than one product, production line or production process, and it is verified thatthe general requirements are fulfilled when assessing one product, production line or production process, thenthe assessment of the general requirements does not need to be repeated when assessing the FPC foranother product, production line or production process.

All assessments and their results shall be documented in a report.

6.3.5 Surveillance of FPC

Surveillance of the FPC shall be undertaken once a year.



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The surveillance of the FPC shall include a review of the FPC test plan(s) and production processes(s) foreach product to determine if any changes have been made since the last assessment or surveillance and thesignificance of any changes shall be assessed.

Checks shall be made to ensure that the test plans are still correctly implemented and that the production

equipment is still correctly maintained and calibrated.

The records of tests and measurement made during the production process and to finished products shall bereviewed to ensure that the values obtained still correspond with those values for the samples submitted totype testing and that the correct actions have been taken for non-compliant devices.

6.4 Procedure for modifications

If modifications are made to the product, production process or FPC system that could affect any of theproduct characteristics required by this standard, then all characteristics covered by the clauses shown inTable ZA.1, which may be affected by the modification, shall be subject to type testing, except as described in6.2.3 and 6.2.4. Where relevant, a re-assessment of the factory and of the FPC system shall be performed forthose aspects, which may be affected by the modification.

All assessments and their results shall be documented in a report.

6.5 One-off products, pre-production products (e.g. prototypes) and products produced invery low quantities

VADs produced as a one-off, prototypes assessed before full production is established, and productsproduced in very low quantities (less than 50 per year) are assessed as follows.

For initial type assessment, the provisions of 6.2 apply, together with the following additional provisions:

in case of prototypes, the test samples shall be representative of the intended future production and shall

be selected by the manufacturer;

on request of the manufacturer, the results of the initial type assessment of prototype samples may beincluded in a certificate or in test reports issued by the involved third party.

The FPC system of one-off products and products produced in very low quantities shall ensure that rawmaterials and/or components are sufficient for production of the product. The provisions on raw materialsand/or components shall apply only where appropriate. The manufacturer shall maintain records allowingtraceability of the product.

For prototypes, where the intention is to move to series production, the initial inspection of the factory andFPC shall be carried out before the production is already running and/or before the FPC is already in practice.The following shall be assessed:

the FPC-documentation; and

the factory.

In the initial assessment of the factory and FPC it shall be verified:

a) that all resources necessary for the achievement of the product characteristics required by this EuropeanStandard will be available; and

b) that the FPC procedures in accordance with the FPC documentation will be implemented and followed inpractice; and

c) that procedures are in place to demonstrate that the factory production processes can produce acomponent complying with the requirements of this European Standard and that the component will be



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the same as the initial type testing samples, for which compliance with this European Standard has beenverified.

Once series production is fully established, the provisions of 6.3 shall apply.



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Annex A(normative)

Method for measuring the light distribution from a VAD

A.1 General

This annex specifies the test method that is referred to in 5.3.1 and 5.3.2.

The specimen to be tested shall be mounted on the test apparatus as described in Figures A.1 and A.2 andplaced in a dark room.

The range of the device shall be tested by measuring the effective luminous intensity in a hemisphere, so as

to determine its light distribution.

A.2 Test apparatus

A.2.1 The test apparatus shall comprise of two turntables that allow the angle between the specimen andthe light sensor to be adjusted to within ± 0,5° whilst maintaining the relative alignment of the optical axesbetween them.

A.2.2 Rotations about the reference point of the VAD shall be referred to as α rotations (see Figure A.1)and rotations about the normal axis of the VAD as β rotations (see Figure A.2). Figure A.1 shows the positionsof the turntables for two different rotations.

A.2.3 For each α rotation a number of measurements shall be taken by producing regular angular β

rotations (see Figure A2 for examples of β rotations). This results in an even distribution of equally spacedmeasurements taken over the entire hemispherical area surrounding the VAD.

NOTE The number of measurements taken for any VAD increases with its range so as to determine whether theincident light intensity is relatively uniform over the hemisphere at the maximum range.

A.3 Instrumentation

A light sensor with an accuracy of ± 5 % shall be used to provide an output proportional to the luminousintensity received. The instrument shall be capable of calculating the effective candela, within the specified

accuracy, for the pulse length produced by the unit under test. The transition time of the measuring instrumentshall be less than 10 % of the measured pulse. The spectral sensitivity of the sensor shall be adjusted tocomply with the CIE standard spectral luminous efficiency function for photopic vision as defined byISO 23539:2005.

A.4 Test room

The specimen shall be placed in a light output chamber or room which shall be sufficiently sealed so thatexternal light does not affect the measurements. It is not a requirement that the room is completely dark,however, the ambient light shall not be greater than 0,2 lux. Measures shall be taken to minimize reflections.



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Dimensions in metres

Key

1 Turntable for producing α rotations A α rotation of 0° about the reference point

2 Turntable for producing β rotations B α rotation of 90° about the reference point

3 VAD

4 Light sensor

Figure A.1 — Side view indicating α αα α rotations of 0° and 90°



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Dimensions in metres

Key

1 Turntable for producing α rotations A α rotation of 0°, β rotation of 0°

2 Turntable for producing β rotations B α rotation of 0°, β rotation of 135°

3 VAD C α rotation of 90°

4 Light sensor

5 Bracket connecting turntables A and B

NOTE Arrowhead shows orientation of VAD.

Figure A.2 — Top view indicating β ββ β rotations of 0° and 135° and α αα α rotation of 90°

A.5 Arrangement for measuring the effective luminous intensity

A.5.1 The distance between the reference point of the specimen under test and the light sensor shall be atleast 3 m. All rotations shall take place about the reference point of the specimen.

NOTE 1 The measuring distance chosen depends on the sensitivity and the dynamic range of the sensor and thedistance at which the VAD can be considered a point source. The optimum distance can be determined by the testinglaboratory.



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NOTE 2 The zero degree position for β rotations can be determined by the testing laboratory and should be recorded.

A.5.2 The number of measurements taken for any VAD shall be determined by the maximum range atwhich the manufacturer claims to meet the required illumination on all surfaces perpendicular to the directionof the light emitted from the device. The required measurements are summarised in Table A.1 and the

specified measurements for each range are shown in Tables A.2, A.3 and A.4.

A.5.3 The VAD shall be allowed to stabilise for a period of 1 min or as specified by the manufacturer beforethe start of the test and the VAD shall not be switched off before the end of the test.

A.5.4 Measurements shall be made of the average effective luminous intensity in accordance with A.6 andthe coverage distance shall be calculated as in A.7 for each measurement point.

Table A.1 — Summary of measurements for different ranges

Manufacturersmaximum range

m

α αα α plane spacing

degrees (°)

Total no. of α αα α planes

Total number of measurementpoints

C devices

(hemisphere)(see 4.2.2)

W devices

(half-hemisphere)(see 4.2.3)

< 10 15 7 107 60

10 to 17 10 10 227 123

> 17 5 19 871 454

Table A.2 — Measurements for VAD with range < 10 m

Plane no. α αα α value for plane

degrees (°)

Value of each β ββ β rotation

a

degrees (°)

Total number of β ββ β measurementsfor layer

C devices(hemisphere)

(see 4.2.2)

W devices(half-hemisphere)

(see 4.2.3)

1 0 15 24 13

2 15 15 24 13

3 30 16,36 22 12

4 45 20 18 10

5 60 30 12 7

6 75 60 6 4

7 90 N/A 1 1

Total 107 60

a The value of each β rotation angle (column 3) is calculated so that, after the corresponding number ofmeasurement points have been made, the VAD rotates 360° for C devices or 180° for W devices.



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Table A.3 — Measurements for VAD with range 10 m to 17 m

Plane no. α αα α value forplane

degrees (°)

Value of each β ββ β rotation

a

degrees (°)

Total number of β ββ β measurements

for α αα α layer

C devices(hemisphere)(see 4.2.2)


(see 4.2.3)

1 0 10 36 19

2 10 10 36 19

3 20 10,59 34 18

4 30 11,25 32 17

5 40 12,86 28 15

6 50 15 24 13

7 60 20 18 10

8 70 30 12 7

9 80 60 6 4

10 90 N/A 1 1

Total 227 123

aThe value of each β rotation angle (column 3) is calculated so that, after the corresponding number of

measurement points have been made, the VAD rotates 360° for C devices or 180° for W devices.



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Table A.4 — Measurements for VAD with range > 17 m

Plane no. α αα α value for plane

degrees (°)

Value of each β ββ β

rotation a

degrees (°)

Total number of β ββ β measurements

for α αα α layer

C devices(hemisphere)(see 4.2.2)


(see 4.2.3)

1 0 5 72 37

2 5 5 72 37

3 10 5 72 37

4 15 5,14 70 36

5 20 5,29 68 35

6 25 5,45 66 34

7 30 5,81 62 32

8 35 6 60 31

9 40 6,43 56 29

10 45 6,92 52 27

11 50 7,83 46 24

12 55 8,57 42 22

13 60 10 36 19

14 65 12 30 16

15 70 13,85 26 14

16 75 18 20 11

17 80 25,71 14 8

18 85 60 6 4

19 90 N/A 1 1

Total 871 454

aThe value of each β rotation angle (column 3) is calculated so that, after the corresponding number of

measurement points have been made, the VAD rotates 360° for C devices or 180° for W devices.



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A.6 Calculation of I eff (av)

The effective luminous intensity ( I eff ), expressed in candela (cd), shall be calculated for each pulse measuredusing the following Blondel-Rey formula:

)t t ( a

dt )t ( I I

t

t

eff

12

2

1

−+=

where

I(t) is the instantaneous value in candela (cd);

a = 0,2 s;

t 2 - t 1 is the light pulse duration as measured between the 10 % of peak amplitude for the leading andtrailing edges of the pulse.

For each measurement point the average value, I eff (av), of ten measured light pulses shall be calculated.

A.7 Calculation of coverage distance

Calculate the distance d , in metres (m), for each point at which the illumination reduces to 0,4 lm/m2 using thefollowing formula:

0,4

(av)eff I d =

where

I eff (av) is the average effective luminous intensity in candela (lm/sr) as calculated in A.6;

0,4 is the required illumination in lm/m2 (lux).



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Annex B(normative)

Comparative light output level measurement for VADs

B.1 General

This annex specifies the test method that is referred to in 5.1.7, 5.2.1, 5.2.4, 5.4.1.1, 5.4.1.2, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1,5.4.2.2, 5.4.2.3, 5.4.3.1, 5.4.3.2, 5.4.3.3, 5.4.3.4, 5.4.4 and 5.4.5.

The purpose for measuring the light output level is so that comparative assessments can be made of theperformance of VADs before, during and following the environmental conditioning specified in this EuropeanStandard.

NOTE The VAD light output level is measured by recording the level of illumination it produces inside an integratingtest chamber.

B.2 Light test chamber

An integrating light test chamber shall be used for the measurements. As the measurements are forcomparative purpose, it is not necessary that the size of the chamber is precisely specified. The dimensions ofthe test chamber shall however remain constant throughout the test program. Annex C gives furtherinformation for the construction of a possible light test chamber.

The test chamber shall include a screen the size and position of which shall be designed so that no directillumination is received by the light sensor. The size and positioning of this screen, in relation to the size of thetest chamber, shall be such as to allow sufficient reflected light to reach the sensor.

The test chamber shall be sufficiently sealed so that external light does not affect the measurements. It is nota requirement that the chamber should be completely dark – a small amount of light (e.g. 0,2 lux) may beallowed, however the background light shall be consistent for all measurements. The inside surfaces of thechamber including the screen shall be coated with a matt reflecting material that is capable of withstandingtemperature in the range - 25 °C to + 70 °C.

Provisions shall be made to heat or cool the air within the chamber during hot and cold tests. Means shall beprovided for measuring the interior air temperature in the test chamber.

The same test chamber and the same mounting conditions shall be used for all tests and shall be carried outon all the specimens.

B.3 Calibration of the light test chamber

An initial check of the overall reflectance of the light test chamber shall be made as described below.

A stable light source incorporating a vacuum filament lamp of concentrating type and with no backward light ispositioned at the location of the VAD in the light test chamber. Readings of the light output shall be takenusing the light sensor. Before commencing this test one screen size and position should be found so that,when viewed from the location of the light sensor all luminous parts of the light source being measured are just screened. The light source shall be allowed to stabilize for a period of 5 min. Readings shall be taken in

four orientations with the light source rotated 90° every time.



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No reading shall deviate by more than ± 5 % from the average of all the readings.

B.4 Mounting arrangements

The VAD to be tested shall be rigidly mounted by its normal means (see 5.1.3). The light sensor and screenshall also be rigidly mounted to ensure consistency of test results.

B.5 Measurement of effective average illumination

The VAD shall be powered during the test and shall be giving its visual alarm signal for a period of at least1 min, unless otherwise specified or stated elsewhere in this standard, before any measurements of the lightoutput are made.

The light sensor shall be as described in A.3.

The effective illumination, E eff , expressed in lm/m2

, shall be calculated for each pulse measured using thefollowing Blondel-Rey formula:

)(

)(

12

2

1

t t a

dt t E

E

t

t

eff −+

=

where

E(t) is the instantaneous value in lm/m2;

a = 0,2 s;

t 2 - t 1 is the light pulse duration as measured between the 10 % of peak amplitude for the leading andtrailing edges of the pulse.

For each measurement point the average value, E eff (av), of ten measured light pulses shall be calculated.



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Annex C(informative)

Construction of the light test chamber and associated equipment for

comparative measurements

C.1 Light test chamber

This annex gives further information on the construction of the light test chamber specified in B.2.

The test chamber should be a cuboid shape with the internal edges chamfered which experience has shownto give satisfactory results. An example of a suitable light test chamber is shown in Figure C.1.

The length of the cuboid should be at least three times the maximum distance from the mounting surface tothe front face of the VAD to be accommodated. The width and height of the cuboid should be equal to 0,6 ofits length and should be at least three times the largest dimension of the VAD luminous surface.

EXAMPLE A light test chamber measuring (600 × 360 × 360) mm will be adequate for testing VADs measuring up to200 mm between mounting base and front face.

The light screen between the light measuring sensor and the VAD under test should have a diameter K, inmetres (m) such that:

33

6

W K S

W ≤≤+

where

W is the width of the test chamber expressed in metres (m);

S is the diameter of the receiving area of the light sensor expressed in metres (m).

It is recommended that the projection of the chamfer onto the internal surfaces of the cuboid should be 1/12 ofits width, W (see Figure C.2).

It should be easy to mount and remove the test specimen without soiling the interior of the test chamber.

Supports inside the test chamber should present as little obstruction as is necessary to provide adequate

strength for holding the device being tested, the light sensor and the screen in the specified positions. Allexposed components inside the chamber except the device under test should be matt white.

C.2 Surface finishes

All internal surfaces should preferably be matt white, substantially non-selective (non-fluorescent whenexposed to ultraviolet radiation), and with high reflectance, e.g. over 0,85.

It is important that the reflecting surfaces should not be impaired by the method of cleaning. It isrecommended that the finish is renewed regularly in accordance with checks made with a gloss meter (seeEN ISO 2813:1999). The average reflectance of each of the six surfaces should not be allowed to fall by more

than 10 % from its original value, and the average reflectance of any one surface should be within 5 % of thatof any other surface.



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At regular intervals during service, the reflecting surfaces should be renewed and, following this, the responseof the photocell should be checked as described above. From time to time, the value of light output obtainedusing this test should be compared with previously obtained values. The changes over time should not exceed± 5 %.

Key

1 VAD under test L length of test chamber

2 screen W width of test chamber

3 light sensor H height of test chamber

4 chamfered edges

Figure C.1 — Example of light test chamber for comparative measurements

12

W

12

W

Key

W width of test chamber

Figure C.2 — Details of internal chamfer for the light test chamber



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Annex D(informative)

Comparison of flammability test requirements in various standards

D.1 Introduction

This annex is intended to inform on the test requirements for the flammability of plastics (see 4.2.3) given inrelevant standards. In particular, it gives a comparison of flammability ratings between UL 94 and relevant IECinternational standards.

D.2 Relevant standards

The following standards are covered in this annex:

IEC 60695-11-10:1999 as amended by IEC 60695-11-10:1999/A1:2003, Fire hazard testing — Part 11-10: Test flames — 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods;

IEC 60695-11-20:1999 as amended by IEC 60695-11-20:1999/A1:2003, Fire hazard testing — Part 11-20: Test flames — 500 W flame test methods;

UL 94, Edition 5:1996 — Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances.

The test apparatus, conditioning applied, number of specimens, size of the specimens and procedure for thehorizontal and vertical tests are very similar between UL 94 and IEC 60695-11-10. The number of specimensspecified in UL 94 is less than that specified in IEC 60695-11-10.

D.3 Vertical burning tests

For the vertical burning test, the categories given in Table D.1 can be regarded as being similar.

Table D.1 — Equivalence of flammability categories betweenIEC 60695-11-10 and UL 94

IEC 60695-11-10 UL 94 categoriesV-0 V-0

V-1 V-1

V-2 V-2



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D.4 Horizontal burning tests

D.4.1 IEC 60695-11-10 and UL 94

The classification for the horizontal burning tests differs between IEC 60695-10 and UL 94 making a directcomparison difficult. To assist in such a comparison, the performance criteria for each standard are given inTable D.2 and Table D.3.

Table D.2 — Horizontal flammability classification in EN 60695-11-10

HB HB40 HB75

The test specimens do not visibly burnwith a flame after the ignition source isremoved.

The test specimens do not visibly burnwith a flame after the ignition source isremoved.

If the flame front passes the 100 mmmark, the test specimens do not havea linear burning rate exceeding75 mm/min,

If the test specimens continue to burn

with a flame after removal of theignition source, the flame is less than100 mm.

If the test specimens continue to burn

with a flame after removal of theignition source, the flame is less than100 mm.

If the flame front exceeds 100 mm, thelinear burning rate of the specimens isless than 40 mm/min for a thickness of3,0 mm to 13,0 mm or less than75 mm/min for a thickness of less than3,0 mm.

If the flame front exceeds 100 mm, thelinear burning rate of the specimens isless than 40 mm/min.

If the linear burning rate does notexceed 40 mm/min for tests with(3,0 ± 0,2) mm thickness, the

specimen is automatically accepted,down to a 1,5 mm minimum thickness

Table D.3 — Horizontal flammability classification in UL 94

HB

For specimens having a thickness of 3,0 mm to 13,0 mm, the burning rate shall notexceed 40 mm/min over a 75mm span; or

for specimens having a thickness less than 3,0 mm, the burning rate shall not exceed75 mm/min over a 75mm span; or

the specimens cease to burn before the flame exceeds 100 mm.



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D.4.2 IEC 60695-11-20 and UL 94

For the horizontal burning test, the categories given in Table D.4 can be regarded as being similar.

Table D.4 — Equivalence of flammability categories betweenIEC 60695-11-20 and UL 94

IEC 60695-11-20 UL 94

5VA 94-5VA

5VB 94-5VB



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Annex ZA(informative)

Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU

Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC)

ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics

This European Standard has been prepared under the mandate M/109 for "Fire alarm/detection, fixedfirefighting, fire and smoke control and explosion suppression products" given to CEN by the EuropeanCommission and the European Free Trade Association.

The clauses of this European Standard, shown in this annex, meet the requirements of the mandate givenunder the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC).

Compliance with these clauses confers a presumption of fitness of the VADs covered by this annex for theintended use indicated herein; reference shall be made to the information accompanying the CE marking.

WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives not affecting the fitness for intended usescan be applicable to the VADs falling within the scope of this European Standard.

NOTE 1 In addition to any specific clauses relating to dangerous substances contained in this standard, there may beother requirements applicable to the products falling within its scope (e.g. transposed European legislation and nationallaws, regulations and administrative provisions). In order to meet the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive,these requirements need also to be complied with, when and where they apply.

NOTE 2 An informative database of European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at theConstruction web site on EUROPA (accessed through:http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/internal/dangsub/dangmain.htm).

This Annex ZA has the same scope as Clause 1 of this standard with regard to the products covered. Itestablishes the conditions for the CE marking of VADs intended for the use shown in Table ZA.1 and showsthe relevant clauses applicable.



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Table ZA.1 — Relevant clauses

Product: Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Alarm devices – Visual alarm devices (VADs)

Intended use: Fire detection and fire alarm systems installed in and around buildings

Essential characteristics Requirementclauses in this and

other EuropeanStandard(s)

Level(s)

or class(es)

Notes

Operational reliability:Duration of operationProvision for external conductorsFlammability of materialsEnclosure protection AccessManufacturer's adjustments

On-site adjustment of behaviourRequirements for software controlled devices

4.2.14.2.24.2.34.2.44.2.54.2.6

4.2.74.2.8

PassPassPassPassPassPass

PassPass

Performance parameters under fire condition:Coverage volumeVariation of light outputMinimum and maximum light intensityLight colourLight temporal pattern and frequency of flashingMarking and dataSynchronization (option with requirements)

4.3.14.3.24.3.34.3.44.3.54.3.64.3.7

PassPassPass

Red/WhitePass/Hz

PassPass

Durability:Temperature resistance:

Dry heat (operational)Dry heat (endurance)Cold (operational)

Humidity resistance:Damp heat, cyclic (operational)Damp heat, steady state (endurance)Damp heat, cyclic (endurance)

Shock and vibration resistance:Shock (operational)Impact (operational)Vibration (operational)Vibration (endurance)

Corrosion resistance:

SO2 corrosion (endurance)Electrical stability:

EMC, immunity (operational)

4.4.1.14.4.1.2

4.4.1.3

4.4.2.14.4.2.24.4.2.3

4.4.3.14.4.3.24.4.3.34.4.3.4

4.4.4

4.4.5

None

PassPassPass

PassPassPass

PassPassPassPass

Pass

Pass

The requirement on a certain characteristic is not applicable in those Member States (MSs) where there areno regulatory requirements on that characteristic for the intended use of the product. In this case,manufacturers placing their products on the market of these MSs are not obliged to determine nor declare theperformance of their products with regard to this characteristic and the option "No performance determined"(NPD) in the information accompanying the CE marking (see ZA.3) may be used. The NPD option may not beused, however, where the characteristic is subject to a threshold level.



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ZA.2 Procedures for the attestation of conformity of VADs

ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity

The system of attestation of conformity of VADs indicated in Table ZA.1 in accordance with the ECDecision 1996/577/EC(OJEU L254 of 1996-10-08), as amended by EC Decision 2002/592/EC (OJEU L192 of2002-07-20), as given in Annex III of the Mandate for Fire alarm/detection, fixed fire-fighting, fire and smokecontrol and explosion suppression products, is shown in Table ZA.2 for the indicated intended use andrelevant level or class.

Table ZA.2 — Attestation of conformity system

Product Intended use Levels or classesAttestation of

conformity system

Fire detection/fire alarm: Alarm devices Fire safety - 1

System 1: See Directive 89/106/EEC (CPD) Annex III.2.(i), without audit-testing of samples.

The attestation of conformity of the VADs in Table ZA.1 shall be according to the evaluation of conformityprocedures in Table ZA.3 resulting from application of the clauses of this or other European standardsindicated therein.

Table ZA.3 — Assignment of evaluation of conformity tasks for Fire alarm devices Visual alarmdevices (VADs) under system 1

Tasks Content of the task

Evaluation of

conformity clausesto apply

Tasks under theresponsibility ofthe manufacturer

Factory productioncontrol (FPC)

Parameters related to all characteristics ofTable ZA.1 relevant for the intended use

6.3

Further testing ofsamples taken atfactory

All characteristics of Table ZA.1 relevantfor the intended use

6.3.5

Tasks under theresponsibility ofthe productcertification body

Initial type testing Those characteristics of Table ZA.1relevant for the intended use 6.2

Initial inspection offactory and of FPC

Parameters related to all characteristics ofTable ZA.1, relevant for the intended useand FPC documentation

6.3

Continuoussurveillance,assessment andapproval of FPC

Parameters related to all characteristics ofTable ZA.1, relevant for the intended useand FPC documentation

6.3



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ZA.2.2 EC Certificate of conformity

When compliance with the conditions of this annex is achieved, the certification body shall draw the ECCertificate of conformity, which entitles the manufacturer to affix the CE marking. The certificate shall include:

name, address and identification number of the certification body;

name and address of the manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the EEA, andplace of production;

NOTE The manufacturer may also be the person responsible for placing the product onto the EEA market, ifhe takes responsibility for CE marking.

description of the product (type, identification, use, etc.);

provisions to which the product conforms (i.e. Annex ZA of this EN);

particular conditions applicable to the use of the product (e.g. provisions for use under certainconditions);

the number of the EC certificate;

conditions of validity of the certificate, where applicable;

name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the EC certificate.

The above mentioned EC Certificate of conformity shall be presented in the language or languages acceptedin the Member State in which the product is to be used.

ZA.3 CE marking and labelling

The manufacturer or his authorised representative established within the EEA is responsible for the affixing ofthe CE marking. The CE marking symbol, the identification number of the certification body and the number ofthe EC certificate of conformity to affix shall be in accordance with Directive 93/68/EC and shall be shown onthe VADs. The CE marking symbol, the identification number of the certification body and the followinginformation shall be placed in the accompanying commercial documents (e.g. a delivery note):

a) identification number of the certification body;

b) name or identifying mark and registered address of the manufacturer (see Note in ZA.2.2);

c) the last two digits of the year in which the marking is affixed;

d) number of the EC Certificate of conformity;

e) reference to this European Standard;

f) description of the product: VAD for use in fire detection and fire alarm systems installed in and aroundbuildings;

g) information on the essential characteristics listed in Table ZA.1 presented as:

1) declared values and, where relevant, level or class (including "pass" for pass/fail requirements,where necessary) to declare for each essential characteristic as indicated in "Notes" in Table ZA.1;

2) "No performance determined" for characteristics where this is relevant;



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3) as an alternative, a standard designation which shows some or all of the relevant characteristics(where the designation covers only some characteristics, it will need to be supplemented withdeclared values for other characteristics as above).

The "No performance determined" (NPD) option may not be used where the characteristic is subject to a

threshold level. Otherwise, the NPD option may be used when and where the characteristic, for a givenintended use, is not subject to regulatory requirements in the Member State of destination.

Figure ZA.1 shows the information to be placed on the product. Figure ZA.2 shows the CE information to begiven in the accompanying commercial documentation.

01234-CPD-00234

CE marking, consisting of the "CE"-symbol given inDirective 93/68/EEC

Identification number of the certification bodyEC Certificate number

Figure ZA.1 — Information to be placed on the product

In addition to any specific information relating to dangerous substances shown above, the product should alsobe accompanied, when and where required and in the appropriate form, by documentation listing any otherlegislation on dangerous substances for which compliance is claimed, together with any information requiredby that legislation.

NOTE 1 European legislation without national derogations need not be mentioned.

NOTE 2 Affixing the CE marking symbol means, if a product is subject to more than one directive, that it complies withall applicable directives.



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01234

CE marking, consisting of the "CE"-symbolgiven in Directive 93/68/EEC.

Identification number of the certification body

AnyCo Ltd, PO Box 21, B-1050

11

01234-CPD-00234

Name or identifying mark and registeredaddress of the producer

Last two digits of the year in which themarking was affixed

EC Certificate number

EN 54-23

Fire alarm devices - Visual alarm device (VAD)intended for use in and around buildings

Duration of operation: PassProvision for external conductors: PassFlammability of materials: PassEnclosure protection: PassAccess: PassManufacturer's adjustments: PassOn-site adjustment of behaviour: PassRequirements for software controlled devices: PassCoverage volume: PassVariation of light output: PassMinimum and maximum light intensity: PassLight colour: Red (or White)Light temporal pattern / frequency of flashing:Pass / xx HzMarking and data: PassSynchronization: Pass

Durability:Temperature resistance: PassHumidity resistance: PassShock and vibration resistance: PassCorrosion resistance: PassElectrical stability: Pass

No. of European Standard

Description of product

Information on essential characteristics

Figure ZA.2 — Example of CE marking information in the accompanying commercial documentation



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Bibliography

EN ISO 2813:1999, Paints and varnishes — Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20°,60° and 85° (ISO 2813:1994, including Technical Corrigendum 1:1997)

IEC 60695-11-10:1999, Fire hazard testing — Part 11-10: Test flames — 50 W horizontal and vertical flametest methods (including IEC 60695-11-10:1999/A1:2003)

IEC 60695-11-20:1999, Fire hazard testing — Part 11-20: Test flames — 500 W flame test methods (includingIEC 60695-11-20:1999/A1:2003)

UL 94, Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances



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