BRITISH STANDARD BS 6100-6.1:1984IncorporatingAmendment No. 1

Glossary of

Building and civil engineering terms —

Part 6: Concrete and plaster —

Section 6.1 Binders

UDC 001.4:[624+69]

BS 6100-6.1:1984

This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 29 February 1984

© BSI 01-1999

The Committees responsible for this British Standard are shown in Part 0The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference BDB/3Draft for comment 81/14785 DC

ISBN 0 580 13718 X

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date of issue Comments

7263 August 1992 Indicated by a sideline in the margin

BS 6100-6.1:1984

© BSI 01-1999 i

Contents

PageForeword ii

610 1 Base terms 1610 2 Hydraulic binders 1610 21 Active hydraulic binders 1610 22 Latent hydraulic binders 2610 23 Blended hydraulic binders 3610 3 Other binders 3610 31 Lime 3610 32 Gypsum 4610 33 Polymer 5

Index 6

BS 6100-6.1:1984

ii © BSI 01-1999

Foreword

This Section of Part 6 of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee. This Section supersedes BS 4627“Glossary of terms relating to types of cement, their properties and components”, which is withdrawn. Terms concerning materials in BS 4049 “Glossary of terms applicable to internal plastering, external rendering and floor screeding” are also included in this Section but BS 4049 will not be withdrawn until Section 6.6 of this standard is published. However, the superseded terms are deleted by amendment. Note has been taken of the work in progress by Technical Committee TC 51 of the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) on cement technology. Any terms and definitions appearing in a relevant European Standard, when published, and accepted by the United Kingdom, will be substituted for their equivalents in this British Standard.A general introduction to and explanation of this glossary is given in Part 0 of this standard which itemizes the Parts, Sections and Subsections into which this glossary is divided and provides a general alphabetical index of all the terms in the Sections and Subsections already published. Those using individual Sections and Subsections of this glossary are urged to consult Part 0 when doing so.The other Sections of this Part are as follows:

6.2 Concrete6.3 Aggregates6.4 Admixtures6.5 Formwork6.6 Products, applications and operations

Terms are listed alphabetically in the index and are referred to by numbers which are found against the term in the body of the Section. There they are arranged in a classified order each term having an individual number consisting of seven digits in two parts, the first of three digits, the second of four. The first three digits represent the number of the Part, Section and Subsection (in this case, the third digit is 0 as there is no division into Subsections). The fourth digit represents the group of terms, the fifth digit represents the subgroup of terms and the last two digits represent the place within the subgroup.Deprecated terms are given below the preferred term with their status indicated, e.g. “deprecated”. These terms are not individually numbered but are included in the index with a reference to the preferred term. Terms of more than one word, e.g. “bedding compound” are written in a direct style, not as “compound, bedding”. The inverted term is included in the index with a reference to the direct term.It has been considered necessary to repeat in this Section certain terms from Section 1.0 “General”. Where this occurs, the definitions of such terms are preceded by an asterisk (*).Italicized words indicate terms that are defined elsewhere in this Section.A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,pages 1 to 7 and a back cover.This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.

BS 6100-6.1:1984

© BSI 01-1999 1

610 1 Base terms

610 2 Hydraulic binders610 21 Active hydraulic binders

No. Term Definition

610 1001 bindercementitious materialdeprecated

Material used for the purpose of holding solid particles together in a coherent mass.

610 1002 hydraulic binder Binder that sets and hardens by chemical interaction with water and is capable of doing so under water.

610 1003 active hydraulic binder Hydraulic binder that acts without the addition of an activator such as lime.

610 1004 latent hydraulic binder Hydraulic binder that acts by the addition of an activator, usually lime and water.

610 1005 blended hydraulic binder Mixture of active hydraulic binder and latent hydraulic binder.

610 1006 clinker Solid material formed in high temperature processes by total or partial fusion.

610 1007 hydraulic cement aActive hydraulic binder formed by grinding clinker.NOTE Within the building and civil engineering industries the term “cement” is frequently used as a shortened equivalent for hydraulic cement.

610 1008 Portland cement Active hydraulic binder based on ground Portland cement clinker.NOTE Generic term for the various forms of Portland cement.

610 1009 high alumina cement Active hydraulic binder obtained by grinding high alumina cement clinker.

610 1010 gypsum Calcuim sulphate in its fully hydrated phase(CaSO4.2H2 O).NOTE It is used for the production of binders.

610 1011 lime Quicklime, hydrated lime, lime putty or slaked lime.

610 1012 deleteda Repeated from Section 1.0.

610 2101 Portland cement clinkerPortland clinker deprecated

Clinker formed from a predetermined homogeneous mixture of materials comprising lime, silica, a small proportion of alumina and generally iron oxide.

610 2102 high alumina cement clinker

high alumina clinker deprecated

Clinker formed from a predetermined mixture of materials consisting principally of alumina and oxides, hydroxides or carbonates of calcium with smaller proportions of iron oxides, silica and other oxides.

610 2103 rapid-hardeningPortland cement

Portland cement that, after setting, hardens more rapidly in the early stages than ordinary Portland cement.

610 2104 extra rapid-hardeningPortland cement

Portland cement, with or without additives, that hardens more rapidly than rapid-hardening Portland cement. Setting may or may not be accelerated.

610 2105 quick-setting Portland cement

Portland cement with a setting time substantially less than that of ordinary Portland cement.

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610 22 Latent hydraulic binders

No. Term Definition

610 2106 expanding cement Active hydraulic binder containing a constituent that imparts to it the property of expansion during setting and initial hardening.

610 2107 low heat Portland cement Portland cement with a heat of hydration substantially less than that of ordinary Portland cement.

610 2108 sulphate-resistingPortland cement

Portland cement that produces an end product having higher resistance to attack by sulphates than one produced from ordinary Portland cement.

610 2109 hydrophobic cementwater repellent cementdeprecated

Portland cement that has been ground with water repellent material, so that each particle is protected by a film of that material, from hydration and deterioration during transport and storage.

610 2110 oil well cement Active hydraulic binder, usually based on selected Portlandcement clinker with or without retarders or other additives, producing satisfactory pumping and rheological properties and adequate strength development at elevated temperatures.

610 2111 ordinary Portland cement Portland cement formed by grinding together Portlandcement clinker and calcium sulphate or its hydrates, sometimes with the addition of water.

610 2112 fillerized cement Ordinary Portland cement to which inert material has been added during manufacture.

610 2113 white Portland cement Portland cement made from selected iron-free raw materials.

610 2114 coloured Portland cement Ordinary Portland cement or white Portland cement to which a pigment has been added during manufacture.

610 2115 hot cement Active hydraulic binder that at the time of use possesses some of the heat generated during manufacture.

610 2201 blastfurnace slag Clinker produced in a molten state simultaneously with pig iron in the reduction of iron ore in a blastfurnace and composed chiefly of calcium, magnesium andalumino-silicates. The nature of the eventual solid is determined by the way in which the molten slag is cooled.

610 2202 granulated blastfurnace slag

Blastfurnace slag that has been rapidly cooled to form granules of a shattered vitreous structure.

610 2203 ground granulatedblastfurnace slag

Fine powder resulting from drying and grinding granulatedblastfurnace slag.

610 2204 pozzolana Latent hydraulic binder, naturally occurring or manufactured, that contains siliceous or siliceous and aluminous materials.

610 2205 pulverized-fuel ash Solid material extracted by electrostatic and mechanical means from flue gases of furnaces fired with pulverized bituminous coal.

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© BSI 01-1999 3

610 23 Blended hydraulic binders

610 3 Other binders610 31 Lime

No. Term Definition

610 2301 blended hydraulic cement Blended hydraulic binder comprising a homogeneous mixture of ordinary Portland cement and ground latenthydraulic binder in specified proportions.

610 2302 Portlandblastfurnace cement

Blended hydraulic binder formed by grinding together, or by mixing after grinding, specified proportions of granulated blastfurnace slag, Portland cement clinker and calcium sulphate or its hydrates sometimes with the addition of water.

610 2303 low heat Portland blastfurnace cement

Portland blastfurnace cement with a heat of hydration substantially less than that of Portland cement.

610 2304 blastfurnace slag cementcement containing blastfurnace

slag deprecated

Blended hydraulic binder with a ground granulated blastfurnace slag content higher than that of Portlandblastfurnace cement and a lower proportion of ground Portland cement clinker.

610 2305 supersulphated cement Blastfurnace slag cement with a specified proportion of sulphate.

610 2306 Portland pozzolana cement Blended hydraulic binder comprising a homogeneous mixture of ordinary Portland cement and ground pozzolana in specified proportions.

610 2307 Portland pulverized-fuelash cement

Portland pozzolana cement in which the pozzolana is pulverized-fuel ash.

610 2308 pozzolanic cement Blended hydraulic binder comprising a homogeneous mixture of ordinary Portland cement clinker and ground pozzolana in specified proportions, when the pozzolanahas passed a pozzolanicity test.

610 2309 pozzolanicity Ability of a material to combine with calcium hydroxide at ambient temperatures and in the presence of water in order to produce compounds having the properties of an active hydraulic binder.

610 2310 pozzolanicity test Test for assessing pozzolanicity of a material, i.e. one based on its combination with calcium hydroxide.

610 3101 limestone Sedimentary rock that consists predominantly of calcium carbonate.

610 3102 chalk Very fine grained cretaceous limestone, usually white.

610 3103 calcareous material Material containing significant amounts of calcium carbonate.

610 3104 quicklimeburnt lime deprecated

Product obtained when calcareous material is heated at a temperature high enough to drive off the carbon dioxide.

610 3105 dolomitic lime Quicklime of high magnesium oxide content.

610 3106 grey lime Quicklime made from grey chalk usually havingsemi-hydraulic properties.

610 3107 magnesian lime Quicklime containing more than 5 % of magnesium oxide.

610 3108 hydraulic lime Quicklime containing sufficient soluble silica, aluminates etc. to enable it to hydrate and set in the presence of water.

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610 32 Gypsum and anhydrite

No. Term Definition

610 3109 semi-hydraulic lime Quicklime similar to hydraulic lime but containing less soluble silica, aluminates etc. NOTE The minimum amount of soluble silica is 6 %.

610 3110 high calcium limemountain lime deprecated

Quicklime of high calcium oxide content, containing less than 5 % of magnesium oxide and having no hydraulic properties.

610 3111 lump lime Quicklime in lump form.

610 3112 chalk lime Quicklime produced from chalk.

610 3113 hydrated limelime hydrate deprecated

Fine white dry powder, produced by mixing together quicklime and water in controlled quantities, removing gritty material from the resulting product and drying it. The main constituent is calcium hydroxide.

610 3114 hydrated high calciumby-product lime

carbide hydrate deprecated

Fine white dry powder, produced by drying the by-product when calcium carbide is hydrated with water to produce acetylene gas. The main constituent is calcium hydroxide.

610 3115 hydrated dolomitic lime Hydrated lime obtained from dolomitic lime.

610 3116 hydrated magnesian lime Hydrated lime obtained from magnesian lime.

610 3117 hydrated grey lime Hydrated lime obtained from grey lime.

610 3118 hydrated semi-hydraulic lime

Hydrated lime obtained from semi-hydraulic lime that has retained its binding properties.

610 3119 slaked lime Product formed when quicklime is mixed with an excess of water.

610 3120 lime putty Slaked lime produced under controlled conditions to give a paste-like consistency. Can also be produced by mixing together hydrated lime and water in suitable proportions.

610 3121 improved lime putty Lime putty that has been allowed to stand to improve its physical properties.

610 3122 matured lime putty Improved lime putty that has been allowed to mature by standing in a covered container.

610 3123 water burnt lime Slaked lime containing hard gritty particles caused by localized high temperatures due to incomplete mixing of quicklime with water.

610 3124 fat lime Lime putty with good physical properties.

610 3125 lean lime Lime putty with poor physical properties.

610 3201 calcium sulphate Gypsum that has been dehydrated.

610 3202 anhydriteanhydrous calcium

sulphate non-preferred

Calcium sulphate in its anhydrous phase (CaSO4).

610 3203 deleted

610 3204 calcium sulphate hemihydrate

Calcium sulphate in its partially hydrated phase (CaSO4.½H2O), produced by heating gypsum.

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610 33 Polymer

No. Term Definition

610 3205 deleted

610 3206 deleted

610 3207 retarded calciumsulphate hemihydrate

Calcium sulphate hemihydrate to which a set retarder has been added.

610 3208 deleted

610 3209 natural gypsum Gypsum that occurs in natural deposits.

610 3210 by-product gypsum Gypsum that is produced as a by-product of a chemical process.

610 3211 desulpho gypsum By-product gypsum from a sulphur removal process, usually the cleaning of flue gas from fossil fuel combustion.

610 3212 natural anhydrite Anhydrite that occurs in natural deposits.

610 3213 synthetic anhydrite Anhydrite that is produced from gypsum or as aby-product of a chemical process.

610 3214 phospho gypsum By-product gypsum from the manufacture of phosphoric acid.

610 3215 titano gypsum By-product gypsum from the manufacture of titanium dioxide.

610 3301 polymer binder Binder that acts as a result of polymerization of a monomeric system.

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6 © BSI 01-1999

Indexactive hydraulic binder 610 1003

anhydrite 610 3202

anhydrite, natural 610 3212

anhydrite, synthetic 610 3213

anhydrous calcium sulphate 610 3202

ash, pulverized-fuel 610 2205

binder 610 1001

binder, active hydraulic 610 1003

binder, blended hydraulic 610 1005

binder, hydraulic 610 1002

binder, latent hydraulic 610 1004

binder, polymer 610 3301

blastfurnace cement, low heat Portland 610 2303

blastfurnace cement,Portland 610 2302

blastfurnace slag 610 2201

blastfurnace slag, cementcontaining 610 2304

blastfurnace slag,granulated 610 2202

blastfurnace slag, groundgranulated 610 2203

blastfurnace slag cement 610 2304

blended hydraulic binder 610 1005

blended hydraulic cement 610 2301

burnt lime 610 3104

burnt lime, water 610 3123

by-product gypsum 610 3210

by-product lime, hydrated high calcium 610 3114

calcareous material 610 3103

calcium sulphate 610 3201

calcium sulphate, anhydrous 610 3202

calcium sulphatehemihydrate 610 3204

calcium sulphate hemihydrate, retarded 610 3207

carbide hydrate 610 3114

cement, blastfurnace slag 610 2304

cement, blended hydraulic 610 2301

cement, coloured Portland 610 2114

cement, expanding 610 2106

cement, extra rapid-hardening Portland 610 2104

cement, fillerized 610 2112

cement, high alumina 610 1009

cement, hot 610 2115

cement, hydraulic 610 1007

cement, hydrophobic 610 2109

cement, low heat Portland 610 2107

cement, low heat Portland blastfurnace 610 2303

cement, oil well 610 2110

cement, ordinary Portland 610 2111

cement, Portland 610 1008

cement, Portlandblastfurnace 610 2302

cement, Portland pozzolana 610 2306

cement, Portland pulverized-fuelash 610 2307

cement, pozzolanic 610 2308

cement, quick-settingPortland 610 2105

cement, rapid-hardeningPortland 610 2103

cement, sulphate-resistingPortland 610 2108

cement, supersulphated 610 2305

cement, water repellent 610 2109

cement, white Portland 610 2113

cement clinker, highalumina 610 2102

cement clinker, Portland 610 2101

cement containing blastfurnaceslag 610 2304

cementitious material 610 1001

chalk 610 3102

chalk lime 610 3112

clinker 610 1006

clinker, high alumina 610 2102

clinker, high aluminacement 610 2102

clinker, Portland 610 2101

clinker, Portland cement 610 2101

coloured Portland cement 610 2114

desulpho gypsum 610 3211

dolomitic lime 610 3105

dolomitic lime, hydrated 610 3115

expanding cement 610 2106

extra rapid-hardening Portland cement 610 2104

fat lime 610 3124

fillerized cement 610 2112

granulated blastfurnace slag 610 2202

granulated blastfurnace slag,ground 610 2203

grey lime 610 3106

grey lime, hydrated 610 3117

ground granulated blastfurnaceslag 610 2203

gypsum 610 1010

gypsum, by-product 610 3210

gypsum, desulpho 610 3211

gypsum, natural 610 3209

gypsum, phospho 610 3214

gypsum, titano 610 3215

hemihydrate, calciumsulphate 610 3204

hemihydrate, retarded calcium sulphate 610 3207

high alumina cement 610 1009

high alumina cement clinker 610 2102

high alumina clinker 610 2102

high calcium by-product lime, hydrated 610 3114

high calcium lime 610 3110

hot cement 610 2115

hydrate, carbide 610 3114

hydrate, lime 610 3113

hydrated dolomitic lime 610 3115

hydrated grey lime 610 3117

hydrated high calcium by-productlime 610 3114

hydrated lime 610 3113

hydrated magnesian lime 610 3116

hydrated semi-hydrauliclime 610 3118

hydraulic binder 610 1002

hydraulic binder, active 610 1003

hydraulic binder, blended 610 1005

hydraulic binder, latent 610 1004

hydraulic cement 610 1007

hydraulic cement, blended 610 2301

hydraulic lime 610 3108

hydrophobic cement 610 2109

improved lime putty 610 3121

latent hydraulic binder 610 1004

lean lime 610 3125

lime 610 1011

lime, burnt 610 3104

lime, chalk 610 3112

lime, dolomitic 610 3105

lime, fat 610 3124

lime, grey 610 3106

lime, high calcium 610 3110

lime, hydrated 610 3113

lime, hydrated dolomitic 610 3115

lime, hydrated grey 610 3117

lime, hydrated high calciumby-product 610 3114

lime, hydrated magnesian 610 3116

lime, hydratedsemi-hydraulic 610 3118

lime, hydraulic 610 3108

lime, lean 610 3125

lime, lump 610 3111

lime, magnesian 610 3107

lime, mountain 610 3110

lime, semi-hydraulic 610 3109

lime, slaked 610 3119

lime, water burnt 610 3123

lime hydrate 610 3113

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© BSI 01-1999 7

lime putty 610 3120

lime putty, improved 610 3121

lime putty, matured 610 3122

limestone 610 3101

low heat Portland blastfurnacecement 610 2303

low heat Portland cement 610 2107

lump lime 610 3111

magnesian lime 610 3107

magnesian lime, hydrated 610 3116

material, calcareous 610 3103

material, cementitious 610 1001

matured lime putty 610 3122

mountain lime 610 3110

natural anhydrite 610 3212

natural gypsum 610 3209

oil well cement 610 2110

ordinary Portland cement 610 2111

phospho gypsum 610 3214

polymer binder 610 3301

Portland blastfurnace cement 610 2302

Portland blastfurnace cement, low heat 610 2303

Portland cement 610 1008

Portland cement, coloured 610 2114

Portland cement, extrarapid-hardening 610 2104

Portland cement, low heat 610 2107

Portland cement, ordinary 610 2111

Portland cement,quick-setting 610 2105

Portland cement,rapid-hardening 610 2103

Portland cement,sulphate-resisting 610 2108

Portland cement, white 610 2113

Portland cement clinker 610 2101

Portland clinker 610 2101

Portland pozzolana cement 610 2306

Portland pulverized-fuel ashcement 610 2307

pozzolana 610 2204

pozzolana cement, Portland 610 2306

pozzolanic cement 610 2308

pozzolanicity 610 2309

pozzolanicity test 610 2310

pulverized-fuel ash 610 2205

putty, improved lime 610 3121

putty, lime 610 3120

putty, matured lime 610 3122

quick-setting Portland cement 610 2105

quicklime 610 3104

rapid-hardeningPortland cement 610 2103

retarded calcium sulphate hemihydrate 610 3207

semi-hydraulic lime 610 3109

semi-hydraulic lime, hydrated 610 3118

slag, blastfurnace 610 2201

slag, blastfurnace cement containing 610 2304

slag, granulated blastfurnace 610 2202

slag, ground granulated blastfurnace 610 2203

slag cement, blastfurnace 610 2304

slaked lime 610 3119

sulphate anhydrous calcium 610 3202

sulphate, calcium 610 3201

sulphate hemihydrate, calcium 610 3204

sulphate hemihydrate, retarded calcium 610 3207

sulphate-resisting Portland cement 610 2108

supersulphated cement 610 2305

synthetic anhydrite 610 3213

test, pozzolanicity 610 2310

titano gypsum 610 3215

water burnt lime 610 3123

water repellent cement 610 2109

white Portland cement 610 2113