brochure sustainable wastewater treatment

8/13/2019 Brochure Sustainable Wastewater Treatment

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Overview Grontmij references

Sustainable wastewater treatment


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Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment 2

Decentralized or centralized,

Grontmij has a tting, sustainable

wastewater treatment solution to offer!


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Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment3

(micro)pollutants

energy nutrients

water

Since the end of the 19th century wastewater has been a known risk for public healthdue to presence of pathogens. During the 20th century it became clear that wastewateralso constituted a threat to the environment, partly because discharge of effluent leads tooxygen depletion of surface water. In search of a solution for the above mentioned pro-blems research focused on quick and effective ways for collection and transportation ofthe wastewater. That is why these days the wastewater chain consists of a robust systemfor wastewater collection and transportation from urban areas to a central wastewatertreatment plant (WWTP). At this plant pathogens, components that demand oxygen andnutrients are removed from the wastewater at a high rate. The treated water is dischargedto the surface water.

In the last couple of years changes have been occurringin the wastewater chain. These changes are due to tighterregulations on one hand and the fact that wastewaterinfrastructure needs major repairs on the other. This cre-ated a new trend in waste water collection and treatment

systems. Instead of considering waste water aswaste

, it isnow more and more seen as a raw material carrier . The fol-lowing picture depicts the composition of wastewater.

In order to fully exploit the potential of wastewater, newsanitation techniques have been developed. One exampleis separate collection of urine; this type of separation atthe source creates opportunities to treat wastewater moreefficiently. However, separation at the source is just one

example. New sustainable techniques for central waste-water treatment have been developed as well.

Sustainable sanitation techniques can be globally dividedinto the following categories:

Separate collection of urine (No Mix technology) ;Separate collection of black water (urine and faeces),possibly together with organic kitchen waste ;Local treatment and reuse of grey water ;Combination of the above mentioned options;Sustainable techniques for centralized treatment (e.g.Energy factory);Removal of hormones and medicine residues.

Grontmij and sustainable wastewater treatment This overview describes the most important projectsGrontmij carried out in the eld of sustainable wastewatertreatment.

As you can see from this overview, Grontmij has a lot ofexperience in the eld of sustainable wastewater treat-ment. Every sustainable sanitation technique has beenapplied. Our experts are involved in research and imple-mentation, including policy making, feasibility studies, lifecycle cost analyses and realization. Research is carried outon a structural basis, including collaboration with researchinstitutes as Wetsus, WUR and TU Delft.

Introduction


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The Ambacht Huys in Meppel, The Netherlands, is a daycare facility for men-tally impaired people. As pilot project three urine separation toilets and onewater free urinal have been installed; the rst pilot project in Netherlandswith these toilets. The goal of the project was to gain experience with theuse of urine separation toilets in The Netherlands.

Client(s): Woningcorporatie Woonconcept, Vanboeijen health care institute,Waterboard: Reest en Wieden, Municipality of Meppel, STOWA, Vewin Year of implementation: 2004-2005

Advanced removal of phosphorus is important for the Integrale Inrichting-splan Veluwe Randmeren. Pilot tests show that a double layer lter and theAutomatic Back Wash Filter (ABWF) are the best techniques for advancedphosphorus removal. In the end the ABWF was installed at WWTP Harder-

wijk, The Netherlands.

Client(s): Waterboard Veluwe Year of implementation: 2005 - 2009

In a residential care farm with 9 apartments, a work shop and a educationalroom 25 urine separation toilets have been installed with following thegoals:

Implementation of separation toilets on a larger scale than the project inMeppel;Research on the removal of hormones and medicine residues in the soil;Gain experience in the use of urine as fertilizer on bio-energy crops;Provide information on our present wastewater system and the alterna-tives.

Clients(s): Woonconcept Vanboeijen, Waterboard Hunze en Aas, ProvinceDrenthe , Stowa, Wageningen-UR , Waterleidingmaatschappij Drenthe ,Waterlaboratorium Noord, Winkler Prins School Veendam. Year of implementation:2006-2009

References


Meppel Ambacht Huys (Pilot)

Sand lter installation Harderwijk (Pilot and realization)

Anderen Anders plassen (Pilot)


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In 25 houses of a housing complex for seniors De Schoel in Sleen, TheNetherlands, urine separation toilets have been installed. The urine is col-lected and then transported to the pilot WWTP in Sleen, where the medicineresidues and hormones in the urine are removed. Within Sleen II the pilothas been extended and the urine is treated at a local facility.

Client(s): Waterboard Velt en Vecht Year of implementation: 2006-2010

Together with KIWA research Grontmij performed research on how storedurine could be processed by a decentralized or mobile treatment unit. Thestudy described the layout of a mobile treatment unit that would not justremove N and P, but also medicine residue and hormones. The goal of the

project was to dene specic sanitation techniques that could be appliedin a mobile urine treatment unit. This potential mobile urine treatment unit,the Urimob, could be realized in a following research phase.

Client(s): STOWA Year of implementation: 2007-2008

The main goal of the scenario study on application of modern sanitation inthe project IJburg 2nd Phase was to determine whether or not the prosand cons found in Bloemendalerpolder, an area with a different populationdensity, also apply in IJburg. Attention was also placed on the following:

Possibilities of applying urine as fertilizer in the RandstadDetermining the advantages of new sanitation with regard to removingmicro pollutants.Determining the possibilities of (decentralized) heat recovery from waste-water and how that relates to new sanitation.Determining the environmental efficiency of new sanitation in the abovementioned issues.Questions regarding scale-up of new sanitation techniques.

Client(s): Waternet Year of implementation: 2007-2008

Sleen De Schoel (Pilot)

Nieuwegein / De Bilt Urimob (Feasibility study)

IJburg second phase (Scenario study)


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At the Windesheim College in Zwolle 125 urine separation toilets have beeninstalled. The collected urine will be used in lab tests on the formation ofstruvite. The following goals were set:

Application of urine separation toilets to make a contribution to the devel-opment of sustainable wastewater treatment technology;Raising the awareness of students on the issues surrounding wastewatertreatment, as well as informing them on how they can contribute to asolution through construction, civil and industrial engineering and design;Executing structural research on the formation of struvite in collection andtransportation pipes;

Client(s): Christelijke Hogeschool Windesheim, Stowa, Dyka ,Waterschap GrootSalland, Gemeente Zwolle Year of implementation: 2007-2010

In the new main building of the Maasziekenhuis in Boxmeer which shouldbe nished in 2010- separated sanitation will be partially applied. Thepoliclinics will inhibit forty to sixty urine separation toilets. This will lead to ayearly collection of 75 m3 urine. The goals of the project:

Treating contamination at the source, to prevent from large investments

needing to be made at WWTP to remove medicine residues.Creating an example for other institutes like hospitals, care facilities andalso schools, where this process could be applied efficiently.

Client(s): Waterschap Aa en Maas, Maasziekenhuis en STOWA Year of implementation: 2007 - 2010

At the Isala Clinics the rst Dutch installation to remove medicine residuesfrom wastewater will be realized. This will provide data on the functioning,the costs and the operational aspects of several sanitation techniques toremove medicine residues. The client will be supported in several projectphases (planning, acquiring permits and international cooperation).

Client(s): Waterschap Groot Salland Year of implementation: 2007 - 2010

References


Zwolle Hogeschool plassen (Realization)

Maasziekenhuis Boxmeer (Realization)

SLIK: Sanitaire Lozing Isala Clinics (Demonstration project)


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Literature analyses show major differences in the composition of urinecollected through separation toilets among different projects. Grontmijanalyzed three projects in the Netherlands. The degree of dilution as well asthe cause of the dilution was researched.

Client(s): STOWA Year of implementation: 2007

Turkey has the ambition to join the European Union. Consequently, it willhave to implement European legislation; including the EU Urban WasteWater Treatment (UWWT) Directive. To abide by this directive Turkey willhave to realize over 3.000 waste water treatment plants with a broad range

of capacities. To this effect, a Guideline was written on how to implementenergy saving techniques and methods as to reduce the energy use of new(and existing) treatment plants.

Client(s): Agentschap NL Year of implementation: 2009/2010

For Wetterskip Frysln and the province of Friesland an OAS studyNew Style has been executed. Modern sanitation techniques were consid-ered in this study, as well as climate footprint, energy use and water use.

Client(s): Wetterskip Fryslan en provincie Friesland Year of implementation: 2008-2009

Dilution of urine separated at the source with modern sanitation (Research)

Guideline for Energy Efficiency in Waste Watertreatment in Turkey

Optimization study New Style (OAS study)


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Waterschap Aa en Maas works together with Grontmij to create opportuni-ties for the (waste)water chain to operate more effectively. The goal is treatheavy pollutants at the source, because this is often more cost effective solu-tion and it creates a more stable and secure solution for the removal of thesepollutants. The goal of the project SOURCE is twofold:

Creating a sustainable cycle to recover nutrients from the combinedstream of human urine and animal (manure)streams.Reducing the emissions to the watersystem of medicine( residue(s)) fromthe human cycle.

Client(s): STOWA and Waterschap Aa en Maas Year of implementation: 2008-2010

Research on the possibilities of removing medicine from urine by apply-ing adsorption to nanoclay and zeolites. This method could be applied inMaasziekenhuis Boxmeer project of waterschap Aa en Maas.

Client(s): Waterschap Aa en Maas, STOWA Year of implementation: 2008

Waterschap de Dommel is considering to develop an innovative wastewater(urine) collection and treatment concept together with province Noord-Bra-bant. In cooperation with LeAF potential technologies have been analyzed.

Client(s): Waterschap de Dommel, Provincie Noord Brabant Year of implementation: 2008

References


SOURCE Simultaneous remOval of hUman and veteRinary pharmaCeuticalsand NutriEnts (Scenario study)

Research on adsorption of medicine from urine to nanoclay and zeolites(Feasibility study)

Sanitation project De Dommel and Province Noord-Brabant (Pilot)


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Through a quick scan the possibility of reusing the effluent of WWTP Bath(NL) in a socially responsible way for the water supply of the agriculturalarea of Zuid-Beveland was analyzed. Measures to implement this reuse werepresented, as well as the nancial consequences of these measures.

Client(s): Projectgroep Water uit de Wal Year of implementation: 2008

Insight in the possible benets of new sanitation in new houses at AlmereHout Noord. In this study discharge to the existing WWTP was comparedwith decentralized (local) treatment. The maximum scenario applied com-plete separation and treatment at the source.

Several aspects were considered per scenario:Effects on the WWTPEffects on the energy balanceEffects on the treatment costSupport from the citizens

Client(s): Municipality of Almere among others Year of implementation: 2009

For the districts Vathorst West and North sustainable sanitation possibilitieshave been researched. A Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) was used to com-pare different scenarios. Several aspects were considered per scenario:

Life cycle costs (investments, maintenance and utilization costs)Reduction of energy useReduction in the use of drinking waterNutrient collection (mainly N and P)Support from the citizensImage

Client(s): Waterschap Vallei en Eem Year of implementation: 2009 - 2010

Effluent reuse WWTP Bath (Feasibility study)

Almere Hout North (Scenario study)

Vathorst West and North (Scenario study)


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Analysis of the opportunities of applying new sanitation in the municipalityof Apeldoorn. Potential locations and risks have been determined, as well asa road map for the implementation of new sanitation.

Client(s): Waterschap Veluwe Year of implementation: 2009-2010

SenterNovem supports all the waterboards in the MJA3 (multiple year agree-ments) for energy efficiency and asked Grontmij to formulate a list of energysaving measures specically for the waste water management sector. Thissector specic list consists of 100 energy saving measures; each with a de-

scription and explanation, the energy saving potential, the investment costsand the payback time. This list will be used by all the Dutch waterboardswhile drafting their energy efficiency plans for the MJA3.

Client(s): SenterNovem (currently Agentschap NL) Year of implementation: 2009

For future development of the Kreekrijk area (municipality Zaanstad) pos-sibilities for applying new sanitation have been researched. A Life Cycle CostAnalysis (LCCA) was part of the scenario comparison.

Several aspects were considered per scenario:Life cycle costs (investments, maintenance and utilization costs)Reduction of energy useReduction in the use of drinking waterNutrient collection (mainly N and P)Support from the citizensImage

Client(s): VBM Ontwikkeling Year of implementation: 2009-2010

References


New sanitation Apeldoorn (Special project)

Sector specic list of measures for waste water treatment management in light of theMJA3 (special project)

New Sanitation Kreekrijk (scenario study)


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The Emmen zoo will be relocating in the future. The opportunities for ap-plying source separated sanitation when this relocation is realized, wereanalyzed. A unique aspect was the application of the Living Machine, aninnovative wastewater treatment technique already applied at the zoo.

Client(s): Waterlaboratorium Noord Year of implementation: 2010

Mapping the social costs and benets of ve scenarios of sustainable waste-water treatment at Geerpark in the municipality of Heusden. A Life CycleCost Analysis assisted in this analysis.Several aspects were considered per scenario, among which :

Life cycle costs (investments, maintenance and utilization costs)

Reduction of energy useReduction in the use of drinking waterNutrient collection (mainly N and P)Support from the citizensImage

Client(s): Waterschap Aa en Maas Year of implementation: 2010

The Energy Factory is a new concept of wastewater treatment. Instead of aWWTP that demands energy, the Energy Factory actually produces energy.In cooperation with several water regulatory authorities this concept wasdevised. For one of these authorities Grontmij researched the application ofthe Energy Factory at one of their WWTPs.

Client(s): several water regulatory authorities, among which Rivierenland Year of implementation: 2008-2001

Future Zoo Emmen (Scenario study)

Sustainable wastewater treatment Geerpark-Heusden (Scenario study)

Energy Factory (Special project)


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In light of the MJA-3 all the waterboards are obligated to formulate anEnergy Efficiency Plan (EEP). Grontmij drafted this EEP for four different wa-terboards: Waterschap Zeeuwse Eilanden, Waterschap Zeeuws Vlaanderen,Waterschap Reest&Wieden and Hoogheemraadschap Hollands Noorder-Kwartier. First an energy use analysis (EVA) was executed. At the same timedifferent measures, investments and the savings potential were analysed.Finally, a set of measures was selected and prioritized.

Client(s): Waterschap Zeeuwse Eilanden, Waterschap Zeeuws Vlaanderen,Waterschap Reest & Wieden, Hoogheemraadschap Hollands NoorderKwartier Year of implementation: 2009

Grontmij acts as process supervisor for a group of delegates from two wa-terboards to create a green WWTP. Several topics relevant for a green RWZIwere treated, among which: energy, greenhouse gases and green construc-tion.

Client(s): Deland, WaterschapsBedrijf Limburg Year of implementation: 2008 - 2009

During the production of drinking water, transport and treatment of wastewater, energy is used and greenhouse gases are emitted. The goal of thisGrontmij project was to determine the climate footprint of the water cycle.In addition, various measures, many inuencing the entire cycle, wereproposed to adjust the water cycle to minimize this climate footprint. Thisproject was executed in cooperation with KIWA, water pipe companies,waterboards, the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environmentand STOWA.

Client(s): Ministerie van VROM, STOWA, WaterKIP Year of implementation: 2008

Energie Efficiency Plan (inventory and policy study)

Green WWTP (research project)

Towards a climate neutral water cycle (research project)


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Five waterboards in the area Rijn-Oost jointly selected nine energy topics.Grontmij compared these topics on CO2-reduction, payback time and op-portunities/threats. This comparison will help the waterboards in decidingwhich provisions to take to reduce energy use and to use renewable energy. The following topics were part of the comparison:1. Aeration 6. Separated sanitation2. Optimization of CHP-use 7. Thermal Energy Storage and heat3. Use of biomass recovery from effluent4. Use of biofuels 8. Use of efficient water ow5. Climate neutral WWTP 9. Co-siting

Client(s): Waterschappen Regge en Dinkel, Groot Salland, Reest en Wieden,Velt en Vecht, Rijn en IJssel Year of implementation: 2008

Grontmij formulated the energy policy for Waterschap Zeeuws Vlaanderen.First an inventory of the energy use was made, after which reduction oppor-tunities were identied. Subsequently, an energy policy was formulated inwhich important decisions for a consistent energy policy were highlighted.

These decisions serve as starting point for further analysis of energy savingmeasures.

Client(s): Waterschap Zeeuwse Eilanden, Year of implementation: 2008

For the Hoogheemraadschap Hollands Noorderkwartier Grontmij re-searched the energy saving potential for six waste water treatment plants(WWTPs) and one sludge dryer. These studies were performed in light of thelegislation for environental management (Wet Milieubeheer; Wm). In accor-dance with these regulations, these steps were followed:

Description of the energy situation;Inventory of energy saving options;Analysis of the economic feasibility of the energy saving options;Draft an energy plan for the organisation.

Client(s): Hoogheemraadschap Hollands Noorderkwartier Year of implementation: 2006-2009

Energy topics Rijn-Oost (feasibility study)

Energy policy Waterschap Zeeuws Vlaanderen (policy study)

Energy saving research HHNK (inventory)


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Waterschap Regge en Dinkel and Waterschap Groot Salland joined handsto formulate a Masterplan for Water and Energy. This plan aims to optimizeenergy use in the urban water cycle. Grontmij provides the technical supportfor creating the masterplan.

To this end, Grontmij created two Excel models:An energy balance of the urban water cycle of both waterboardsA tool to analyse and assess each measure

The calculations from the analysis tool serve as starting point for furtheranalysis in creating the nal masterplan.

Client(s): Waterschap Regge & Dinkel, Waterschap Groot Salland Year of implementation: 2009/2010

In New York, just as in various locations in Europe, a SHARON reactor was re-alized. SHARON (Single reactor system for High activitiy Ammonia RemovalOver Nitrite) is highly capable of treating high strength ammonia liquors. The system consists of a biological system based on the chemostat principle.

In such a system the growth rate of the bacteria is equal to the hydraulicresidence time of the system. This allows for a simple and compact purica-tion system without sludge/water separation. In addition, it allows for a hightemperature, short residence time treatment in which the nitrication-deni-trication process follows the nitrite route. In comparison with the common-ly applied nitrate route energy, oxygen and carbon use are greatly reduced.

Client(s): New York City Dpt. of Environmental Protection (among others) Year of implementation: 2005/2009

The effluent restrictions for waste water treatment plants continue to bemore binding. As such, separate treatment of high strength ammonia liquorsbecomes more and more important. Since a few years a new technologyis available for removing nitrogen in a more cost-efficient manner: theDEMON-technology. This process uses deammonifying bacteria, whichcreate a reaction between ammonia and nitrite to form nitrogen gas. Thistechnology is an important step towards an energy neutral waste watertreatment plant. Moreover, it allows for nitrogen removal of less than 1 europer kilogram nitrogen.

Client(s): Waterschap Veluwe Year of implementation: 2008/2010

Masterplan Water and Energy (policy study)

SHARON - New York (realization)

DEMON Apeldoorn (realization)


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The sludge of the WWTPs Ooijen, Vinkel, Dinther and Aarle-Rixtel is cur-rently dewatered and transported to SNB. Waterschap Aa & Maas wanted totechnically and economically optimize this sludge cycle. To this end, severalscenarios for fermentation in different locations were analyzed. The sce-nario where all the sludge is to be digested in three different locations, wasfavored. It was decided to execute this scenario in several phases; beginningwith realizing a sludge digester at WWTP Ooijen. Grontmij created the tech-nological design for this sludge digester.

Client(s): Waterschap Aa & Maas Year of implementation: 2009/2010

Nine different scenarios for sludge digestion, dewatering and transportfor the entire area of Waterschap Scheldestromen were analyzed. Threescenarios were selected for further analysis. In these scenarios all the sludgeis digested on one hand by maximizing current digestion capacities and on

the other hand by adding to the digestion capacity with new installations.In this feasibility study Grontmij analyzed the entire life cycle costs of thescenarios, including investment costs, maintenance costs and exploitationcosts. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was executed on several key eco-nomic parameters. Client(s): Waterschap Scheldestromen Year of Implementation: 2009/2010

At Waterstromen the wastewater of a potato processing plant is treated. Thiswastewater contains high concentrations of phosphorous and nitrogen andrequires expensive treatment. Why treat when you could also recover theseuseful nutrients? Grontmij used a pilot installation to recover these nutrientsfrom the wastewater and convert them into highly pure struvite granules. These granules can be used as high quality fertilizer.

Client(s): Waterstromen Year of implementation: 2010

Sludge digester Oijen (Scenario study and technological design)

Sludge strategy study Scheldestromen (feasibility study)

Olburgen - Waterstromen (Pilot)


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www.grontmij.nl

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Postbus 2033730 AE De Bilt

T +31 30 220 78 67F +31 30 695 63 66

E [email protected] www.grontmij.nl

brochure sustainable wastewater treatment

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