brenda martinez eng 1d1. alliteration is a stylistic device where a large amount of words in a...
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ENGLISH A B C’S
Brenda Martinez
ENG 1D1
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ALLITERATION• Alliteration is a stylistic device where a large
amount of words in a sentence begin with the same letter sound.
• Examples are:– Cars can cause chaos.– The lion licked his lips– The teacher took the troublemakers’ toy.
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BOLD IRONY• Irony is a type of figurative language that uses
a word that means something different than it is actually supposed to mean.
• Examples:– Britain’s biggest dog is named Tiny.– The procrastinators meeting has been postponed
until next week.
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CHARACTERIZATION
• Characterization is language used to describe the details of a character in a story. This is usually found when the author first introduces the character.
• Examples:– Lord of the Flies chpt 1: “Inside the floating cloak he was tall,
thin, and bony; and his hair was red beneath the black cap. His face was crumpled and freckled and ugly without silliness. Out of the face stared two bright blue eyes…”
This is a physical characterization of one of the characters Jack.
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DRAMATIC FOIL
• A dramatic foil is a character that shows qualities that comes in contrast with the qualities of another character. Usually it is a secondary character that clashes with the main character.
• Examples:– In Romeo & Juliet the character Tybalt is a foil to the character
Benvolio. Tybalt is a very violent character and is always looking to pick a fight while Benvolio prefers to keep the peace.
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EPILOGUES
• An epilogue is a part of the story that tells you what happens after the main plot of the story has ended.
• Examples:– The Hunger Games: Mockingjay, in this epilogue
it tells the reader about the two main characters Katniss and Peeta and their lives after the games.
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FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
• Many times you will here people say “It was just a figure of speech.” Figurative language is language used to express and idea that creates a visual picture in a persons mind.
• Examples:– Simile - Irony -Alliteration –Metaphor -Imagery -Onomatopoeia– Hyperbole -Personification
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GREAT CHAIN OF BEING
• The Great Chain of Being is a hierarchal chain that shows that everything in the world has its place; from God to rocks.
• Chain:
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HYPERBOLE
• A hyperbole is an exaggeration of and idea to create emphasis.
• Examples:– I told you not to run a million times!– I’m so hungry I could eat a horse.– It will only take me five seconds to get there.
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IMAGERY
• Imagery is using figurative language to represent objects and ideas in a physical sense. We use imagery to catch a readers senses.
• Examples:– The music coursed through my veins.– The meadow was bright and blinding to the eyes.–When she bit into the donut; jelly drizzled down
her chin.
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JUXTAPOSITION
• Juxtaposition is a literary technique used to compare and contrast two character’s actions. It can highlight either the good or bad aspects of the characters.
• Examples:– In Romeo and Juliet there is a contrast between the
young characters who are in love and the elderly characters who hate each other.
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KEY POINTS OF VIEW
• A point of view is one individuals way of interpreting a certain situation. Point of view in a story can be found in First person, Second person and Third person.
• Examples:– 1st person: I ran through the forest.– 2nd person: You run through the forest.– 3rd person: He ran through the forest.
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LISTEN, I HEAR ONOMATOPOEIA
• Onomatopoeia is a word used that makes a sound heard elsewhere, this draws the readers attention towards the story more.
• Examples– The gushing river was just under the bridge.– The clanging pots and pans woke me up.– Onomatopoeia song
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METAPHOR
• A metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a clear, implied or hidden comparison on to two things that may or may not be alike.
• Examples:– Life is a rollercoaster.– The ballerina is a swan, dancing on that stage.– Terry, you are such a chicken.
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NARRATIVE
• Narrative is the story being told by the narrator to the readers. The narrative could be told by the author or by one of the characters in the story.
• Examples:– Animal farm by George Orwell is a narrative that
is based on politics. He used animals to narrate this story.
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OXYMORON
• An oxymoron is a speech that brings to completely opposite ideas and brings them together.
• Examples:– Loving monsters– That is awfully nice.– That felt bitter sweet.
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PERSONIFICATION
• Personification is a type of device that gives non-human objects human attributes.
• Examples– The trees dance in the wind.– The city never sleeps.– The fire ran wild.
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QUEST TAKING PROTAGONISTS
• Protagonists are the main characters of stories. Many times they are referred to as the hero of the story.
• Examples:– Harry Potter was the protagonist in the Harry
Potter series.– Superman is a protagonist because
he is a superhero.
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RHETORIC
• Rhetoric is a technique using language to effectively persuade someone either spoken or in written form.
• Examples:–Would you like help the kids foundation by adding
$1 to your bill.
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SIMILE
• A simile is a comparison between two different things that have something in common. The key words to look for in a simile are “like” and “as”.
• Examples:– He ran like a cheetah.– Lucy is as sweet as honey.– Learn about similes more here
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THEME
• Theme in a story is the main idea or meaning that could be stated directly by the author or indirectly.
• Examples:– Lust for Power– Love vs. Hate– Savagery– Friendship
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UNDERSTATEMENT
• An understatement is a figure of speech used to make an event or situation sound less important then it actually is.
• Examples:– I only won ten million dollars yesterday at the
casino.–My sister only broke her arm, no biggy.
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VERSE
• A verse is one single line of poetry and songs. It may also be referred to as a stanza.
• Examples:– In Flanders Fields
In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row
They mark our place: an in the sky
The larks still bravely singing flies
Scarce heard amid the guns below
That is one verse in this piece of poetry.
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WHIMSICAL SETTINGS• Settings are used to describe the time, place
and mood of events within a story.• Examples:– The setting of Romeo and Juliet would be in the
city of Verona in the 1400’s. – In Anne of Green Gables the setting is in Prince
Edward Island in the 1890’s.
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EXCELLENT FORESHADOWING
• Foreshadowing is a hint given by the author that tells the reader what will happen in the future of the book.
• Examples: – In Romeo and Juliet, the character Chorus tells of
the star-crossed lovers that take their lives.
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FUNNY PUNS
• A pun is a play on words that is usually funny. Puns use words that have two meanings or two different sounds.
• Examples:–We make a great pear.– Lettuce go have lunch.– I read a poem about wind, it was a blast.
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CRAZY ANTAGONISTS
• The antagonist of a story is usually the evil villain. The antagonist is the rival or archenemy of the protagonist.
• Examples:– In The Chronicles of Narnia: The lion, the witch
and the wardrobe; the white which is the antagonist.
– In the Harry Potter series Voldemort is the antagonist.