breaking the mould - or how technology changes the way we learn

ILIaDTransforming Education

Breaking the Mould:how technologies change the way we learn

November 2014

Hugh Davis @HughDavis

Professor of Learning TechnologiesDirector of EducationDirector of ILIaD

2

Educational Innovation

Professional Development

Researcher Development & Graduate Centre

Media Development

Engagement

Pedagogic and TEL Research

Institute for Learning Innovation and Development

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


3

The (revised) Nurnberg Funnel

With thanks to James Atherton

www.learningandteaching.info

How do you like to learn? (multiple answers are allowed)

A. On my own, from a book/paper

B. Listening to someone explain (lecture)

C. By talking to people

D. By experimenting to test my understanding

E. By watching other people

F. By creating something

G. I learn on a just-in-time basis

History, Influences and Inspirations

5

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


1960’s

6

Project-Based Learning

SMP

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Early 70’s

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


1978-81

8

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


1981-87

9

DTI Microelectronics in

Schools Programme (1980-86)

Domesday Project 1986

The original Macintosh computer 1984

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


..and back to Southampton

10

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Early 90’s

11

Tim Berners-Lee’s notes from ECHT90

http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/Conferences/ECHT90/Pap09.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DF9oAwUgmKo



When was the idea of electronic linking first shown to the world?

A. 1940’s

B. 1950’s

C. 1960’s.

D. 1970’s

E. 1980’s

F. 1990

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


The Mother of all Demos – Doug Engelbart 1968

13

Windows

Hypertext

Graphics

Video conferencing

Mouse

Word processing

Revision control

Collaborative real-time working

(Its all in YouTube)

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Mid 90’s

14

The Interactive

Learning Centre

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Motivated by the observation that the teaching assistants who worked on creating

hypertexts learned more than the students who did the courses using them!

Rather than go to the library and write a report/essay –

take a corpus of documents and organise them and thread a narrative through

them using hypertext.

Resource based Learning

15

There are elements

of Constructivism and

Connectivism about

this approach!

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Microcosm project

started at

University of

Southampton

First working

prototype

Versions 1 - 3

all built by

University team

Multicosm

Ltd formed

Private

investment

ITEA’95

Prize

BCS

Prize

Microcosm

Plus

Open KM

VC

investment

Late 90’s

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


17

I started and directed what

was one of the first

degree courses to be run over

the WWW – started 1994

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Early 2000’s

18


@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


19

2003-2010

Adaptivity and Personalisation

Technologies for Assessment

Educational Repositories

Semantic applications in Education

Innovations in STEM teaching

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


20

2005

Director of Education

Responsible for TEL

2009

Chair in

Learning Technologies

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Southampton Learning Environment

The Student Dashboard

- Time to rethink what I was achieving – 2nd semester 2010/11

Two Projects that failed

21

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


2011-present

22

Professional Development Unit

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


“Leaning by Linking” – the lesson

from resource based learning

Active Learning in Large Classes

Engagement online

Technology for learning

personalisation is not the answer

The difference between a library and

a repository

Being a change agent

Resistance to change

Things I have learned

23

Some thoughts onDigital Literacies,

Learning Environmentsand MOOCs

24

The Digital Natives

Myth?

25

Peter Steiner in The New Yorker July 5, 1993.[

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Internet,_nobody_knows_you're_a_dog#cite_note-fleishman-1

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Computers are not technology – just part of life

Gravitate towards collaborative activity

Prefer Nintendo approach to learning (trial and error)

Multitasking is a way of life

Typing preferred to handwriting

Stay connected

The Internet is better than TV

Zero tolerance for delays

Digital Natives (??)

Jason Frand, The Information Age Mindset:

Changes in Students and Implications for Higher

Education. EDUCAUSE Review 35:5, 2000

Diana Oblinger. Understanding the New Students:

Boomers, Genn-Xers and Millenials, Educause,

July/Aug 2003

Mark Prensky, Digital natives, digital immigrants. On

the Horizon, 9(5), 1-6. 2001

http://www.kappit.com/tag/jokes-for-kindergarten-children/

27

Teaching Staff View?

They don’t

know how

to work

unguided

They read

less so

they know

less

They

cannot

write a

coherent

essayThey never

spend

enough time

on task

They don’t prepare for

exams

28

Information

Literacy

Networks

(of People)

Collaboration

Social

Networking

Communication

Digital Academic

Practices

Digital

Workpractices

Beliefs and

Practices

Business

Models Digital

Citizenship

ICT

Skills

Media

Literacy

Identity and

Reputation

Street Wisdom

on the Digital

Highway

Evaluating

Affordances

Finding,

evaluating,

processing,

organising,

analysing,

presenting

Using applications

and services

29

Information

Literacy

Networks

(of People)

Collaboration

Social

Networking

Communication

Digital Academic

Practices

Digital

Workpractices

Beliefs and

Practices

Business

Models Digital

Citizenship

ICT

Skills

Media

Literacy

Identity and

Reputation

Street Wisdom

on the Digital

Highway

Evaluating

Affordances

• The learner is given the stuff via the network

• The learner finds stuff on the network

• The learner finds stuff from the network (of people)

• The learner is part of the network and contributes

• Stuff

• ontology

30

Information

Literacy

Networks

(of People)

Collaboration

Social

Networking

Communication

Digital Academic

Practices

Digital

Workpractices

Beliefs and

Practices

Business

Models Digital

Citizenship

ICT

Skills

Media

Literacy

Identity and

Reputation

Street Wisdom

on the Digital

Highway

Evaluating

Affordances

Digital Literacies are the skills needed to live, learn, work, collaborate,

influence and lead in the virtual and digital world

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Digital “residents” create their own toolsets

• Manage their learning

• Set their own goals

• Manage content

• Communicate and

collaborate with

other learners

and (micro)tutors

The Personal Learning Environment

31CITE

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


My (cloud) Tools

32CITE

The Student of Wine Example

34

RSS Feeds, Forums, Twitter

Contributing Knowledge and Ontology

Podcasts

And Podcasks!

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Although students may work naturally with

technology..

• Literacy in the Virtual World is a complex thing

• The curriculum must provide opportunities and

experiences that develop these skills, use

authentic tools and grow PLNs

My Point is….

38

R

o

u

t

l

e

Rethinking pedagogy for a digital age: designing and delivering e-learning

H Beetham, R Sharpe, Routledge, 2007

Margaryan, A., Littlejohn, A. and Vojt. G. (2011). Are digital natives a

myth or reality? University students’ use of digital technologies.

Computers and Education, 56(2), 429-440


@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


39

We are running a Digital Literacies

Programme to help both staff and

students

• develop their digital profile

• extend their Personal networks

• evaluate tools for their needs

The Disruption of MOOCs?

40

Regarding MOOCs which statement closest matches your position

A. MOOCs? What are they?

B. Heard of them. Never done one

C. I had a go at one or two – doesn’t work for me

D. I’ve done a few – helpful

E. I’m a MOOC addict

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Massive - some have 10,000s registered.

Open = free

anyone can register

Online although many have a parallel blended incarnation

Course - that runs at a given time with a given cohort

(but not necessarily accredited for anything)

-

What is a MOOC?

42

Short (often 4-8 weeks, 3 hrs /week)

No formal assessment and feedback

Video, reading and collaborative activities

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Brand and Recruitment Materials?

43

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


New Markets?

44

Informal

Learning

YouTube,

iTunesU

Non Formal

Learning

MOOCs

OERs

Formal

Learning

Modules

Formal

Learning

Whole

Programmes

Pulling Students through from the Informal to the Formal

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Provide a public service

45

http://iberry.com/cms/OER.htm

Democratising Education

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Padagogically Simplistic

48

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BthTsGZIT2M&feature=youtu.be

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BthTsGZIT2M&feature=youtu.be

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Patterns for Social Learning

49

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Marketing people are happy to get email lists

But much more than that….

The massive cohorts give us new opportunities for experimenting in and

understanding learning and assessment

• Adaptive feedback

• Adaptive learning paths

• Adaptive Content

• Gameification

• Peer Review

• Self Review

Big Data

50

Mike Wheatley http://siliconangle.com

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


MOOCs in campus based learning

51

External non-paying MOOCers

MOOC

activity

Paying Students

The Embedded MOOC

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Fully accredited programmes offered as MOOCs

52

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


In future learning will be much more on-line

MOOCs are a phase on the way to us understanding how to do online

learning better

MOOCs are not about to displace “place-based” Universities

(although they may change our behaviours)

Don’t get bogged down in business models

My point is …

53

Does the web change the way we

learn?

54

Should 7-8 year olds be required to learn tables by rote?

A. Yes

B. A bit

C. No

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Remembering and finding things out

56

Personal

Learning

Network

@HughDavis

Inaugural Lecture


Increased student engagement e.g.

Flipped Classroom

Increased collaboration – and open

learning

More online learning (particularly

post-grad)

More emphasis on

doing/making/creating and less on

imitating

Less emphasis on

“remembering/knowing” and more on

“knowing how to find out”

Curriculum helping students to learn

skills needed for employment in the

virtual world

The Future of Learning - with the Web

57

We are preparing students for jobs that don’t yet exist, using work-practices

we don’t yet know supported by tools not yet invented.(slight misquote of Richard Riley, Secretary of Education under Bill Clinton)

58

Thank you!

Hugh Davis@HughDavis

http://users.ecs.soton.ac.uk/hcd

[email protected]

Special thanks to:

• Bridget Wilkinson

• Martina Johnson

• Natasha Webb