brazil - world forestry center · 2020-03-10 · 11 environment brazil is subdivided into different...

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BRAZIL

It’s the fifth largest country in the world in both area and population.

It borders Venezuela, Suriname Guyana to the north, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay to the South, Bolivia and Peru to the westAnd Colombia to the Northwest

It’s east side is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean

Size: 8,514876 sq km. (3,287,597 sq mile) (80% the size of the US)

World Forest Institute http://wfi.worldforestry.org

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BRAZIL

Green: Brazilian Forest

Yellow: Mineral Wealth and the Soil

Blue: Celestial Sphere

Stars: Brazilian States (26 states and One Federal District (Brasilia).

Government: Democracy (Luiz Ignacio Lula da Silva – Current President)

Currency: Real

Official Language: Portuguese

Population: Close to 191 million (US is 300 million)


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Economy of Brazil

GDP (2006 est.):Brazil $ 1,803 trillion USD (8th)U.S $13,020,861 trillion (1st)Average Income per Person (2006 est.):Brazil $ 9,108 USD (68th) U.S $ 43,444 (4th).

Exports: U$146.419 billion (2007)Agricultural Exports: $ 7.72 billion (2006 est.) Imports: U$ 110.019 billion f.o.b (2007)

Most trade is with the European Union nations, the United States, Argentina and Japan.

Wood Products

Petroleum

Textile

Chemical Product

Agriculture

Mineral


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People in Brazil

The Brazilian population is predominantly Christian: 89%

64% of these are Catholic.

It’s a very multiracial country.

White: 54%; Black: 6%; Mixed: 39%; Asian: 0.5%; Native Indian: 0.4%.

European ImmigrantsNative Indian African Asian


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Traditional Food and Dance

SAMBA

CAPOEIRACARNIVAL PARADE

FEIJOADACHURRASCO


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Forest Resources

fonte: FAO 2002

0 – 10 10 – 20 20 – 40 40 – 60 60 +

WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF FORESTS (% of surface)

Source: STCP 2006


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Forest Resources

In Forestry, Brazil is made up of 2 forest resources: Natural Forests and Plantation Forests;

The second biggest forest area on the planet;

The biggest area of tropical forest in the World;

~ 550 million hectares of forests;

3.5% of the GDP (2006);

8.4 % of exports;

15% of superavit;

6.5 million employees;

But also:The world’s highest rate of deforestation; (17% of Amazon);

Within Brazil, forest growers receives the least amount of government incentives


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Natural - Public Forests

Brazil has approximately 193.8 million hectares of public forests

This corresponds to 23% of the land 35% is National Forests; 65% is private

94% of public forests are inside the State of Amazon

These areas are used as the Aboriginal Units of Conservation, Lands and Reserves.


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National Parks

Itatiaia National Park in Rio de Janeiro

Cataratas do Iguaçu in Paraná: preserved beautyChapada Diamantina National Park, a treasure in theheart of Bahia

• 35 National Parks;

• 23 Biological reserves;

• 6 Ecological Reserves and

• 21 Ecological Stations


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Environment

Brazil is subdivided into different ecosystems,that together sustain some of the world’s greatest biodiversity.

3,000 species of fresh water fish524 species of mammals517 species of amphibians3,150 species of butterflies1,622 species of birds468 species of reptiles

There are 788 endemic species (species that are only found in Brazil).

49%

10%

24%2%

13%

2%


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Natural Forests

Area increase in natural forests with sustainable management

100%0%27%250%Growth

3 million1.4 million1.4 million1.1 million300 thousand

Certified area (ha)

20062005200420032002

Natural Forests supply approximately: 208 million cubic meters of tropical hardwood;

Brazil has become the country with the largest area of FSC certified tropical forest in the world.


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Deforestation

Deforestation trends in the Amazon

-30%-32%+10%+7%Change

13,10018,79027,36424,871Area Deforested in period (km2)

2005/62004/52003/42002/3

Sustainable Development, such as:- fruit;- oil;- pharmaceutical drugs; and- resins.


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Plantations

Occupy approximately 5.74 million hectares;

Planted Forests supply approximately: 184 million cubic meters of woodall softwoods are from plantations

• 3.5 million ha of Eucalyptus sp. plantation(61.8%)

• 1.8 million ha of Pine sp. plantation (31.7%)

Other species planted:

Acacia (Acacia spp);

Teak (Tectona grandis);

Rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis);

Parana pine (Araucaria angustifolia);

Poplar (Populus sp).

(6.5%)


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Tropical wood

Pine wood

Eucalyptus wood

Forestry Coverage

The production Eucalyptus is more concentrated in the Northeastern, Southeastern and South regions.

The production Pine is more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions.


160

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000

China India Russia USA Japan Indonesia Brazil Thailand The Ukraine Iran

Country

Are

a (1

000

ha)

Plantations

Graf. 01) Ranking of the Countries with more Man-made forest – Date year (2005)

30.3 %

21.9 %

11.7%10.9 %

7.2 %6.6 %

3.5 % 3.3 %3 %

1.5%

What has led a country with so much diversity of flora to become one of the largest plantation areas in the World?

History of plantation establishment incentivesLaw: 5106/66

Good growing conditions


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Plantation Technology

The Brazilian forest companies that are dedicated to planted forests are utilizing new worldwide recognized technologies aimed to increase forest productivity levels and genetic improvement.

Precise forest inventory for better forest management and supply forecasting.


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Thinning

Clear-cutType of Cut

Brazil’s plantations evolved from a predominately wood pulp industry to providing for multiple products, including pulp logs, saw logs, and panels and molding. Pruning andthinning are used to improve wood quality. The raw materials are used more efficiently.


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X

XX

XXXXX

XXX

XXXXXX XXX

2 m

3 m

XSystematic thinning Selective thinningX X


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SORTIMENT

ENERGY

PULP MILL

SAWMILL


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Plantations - Result

Source: FAS, adapted by Mariane Bueno de Camargo

16 years 2 years

Brazil New Zealand Sweden

MA

I (m

³/ ha

/ yea

r)

28

22

4

Softwood

10

USA

4025

6

MA

I (m

³/ ha

/yea

r)

Brazil Australia USA/Sul

Hardwood


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Importance of Planted Forests

• Income creation

• Taxes

• Job creation

• Social and Economic Development

• Settlement of Small owner in the land

• Preservation of native forests and protection of the country's biodiversity

• The forest products sector is growing

• Participation of forest companies in the emerging carbon credit market

• New modalities of investments in planted forests


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Plantation RegulationsEx: Lei nº 4.771/65

And so many others…


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Production Chain

Source: ABRAF/2006


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Main Products


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Consumption

Source: STCP, AMS, 2006. Adapted by Mariane Bueno de Camargo

Roundwood Consumption for Industrial Use in Brazil by Segment and Species (2006)

5,506

7,228

26,545

7,185

0

6,470

52,937

1,718

178

3,336

39,576

34,537

23,988

103,332

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000

Recconstituted Panels

Plyw ood

Saw nw ood

Pulp and Paper

Charcoal

Others

TOTAL

Segm

ent

Pine Eucalyptus


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Plantation Consumption

Source: STCP, ABIPA, BRACELPA, AMS – 2006. Adapted by Mariane Bueno de Camargo

Percent of Roundwood Consumption from Planted Forests by Segment (2006)

Sawnwood19%

Pulp and Paper30%

Others19%

Plywood5%

Recconstituted Panels

5%

Charcoal22%

Recconstituted Panels Plyw ood Saw nw ood Pulp and Paper Charcoal Others


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Study Markets for Brazilian Plantation Wood in the American Marketplace

• Main Exporters of Moulding & Plywood to USA;

• Historical analysis of changes to the Importation of M&P Products to USA;

• Monitoring of growing competition from composites like MDF, Finger-joint and Plastic to solid lineal Moulding;

• Interviewing Traders, Wholesalers and Manufacturers The goal is to understand main connections between different market players;

• Analysis of the Asian Market.


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Why I’m studying about that????

BRAZIL HAD, HAS & WILL HAVE GREAT FORESTRY POTENTIAL!!!!

My arms are open for your vote at next elections!!!


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World Market

Source: SFB (Brazilian Forest Service), 2007

38%

16%

9% 9%8% 7%

5%4.5% 4%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

% W

ood

Mar

ket o

f Wor

ld

OTHERS CANADA USA GERMANY SWEDEN FINLAND RUSSIA CHINA BRAZIL

Countries


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Net Forest Products TradeCommercial Balance of Forest Plantation Based Products in Brazil (1997 -

2006)

2377 2383

2722

3097

2771 2774

3747

4226

4600

5158

1094 1123

8541009

797611 592

812918

11981283 1260

18682088

19742163

3155

3414

3682

3960

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Mill

ion

$ (U

SD)

Exports Imports Balance

Source: SECEX, 2006. Adapted by Mariane Bueno de Camargo


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Overview

TRENDS

• DECREASE IN TROPICAL WOOD USE

• INCREASE IN FOREST PLANTATION

• ENVIRONMENTAL RESTRICTIONS

• MARKET REQUIREMENTS:

PRODUCT QUALITY

CERTIFICATION (FSC or (CERFLOR – National Standard))

INVESTMENT: R$ 503 BILLION BY 2010 TO EXPAND AND MODERNIZE:

Distribution energy;

Construction;

Means of Transport (Ports, airports, railroads and roads)Sources: STCP & ABIMCI, 2006

X

XWorld Forest Institute http://wfi.worldforestry.org

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Sponsored

Sponsored by Klabin S/A Company, which is one of the biggest producers of paper and pulpwood in the world.

Klabin has 366,000 hectares of land, 190,000 hectares of which are plantation for harvest and 131,000 are reserved native forests for conservation.

Klabin’s Forestry Unit is the largest Brazilian supplier of logs from plantation forests to the plywood and sawn timber industry.


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Climate Change & Carbon Sequestration

Less use of products from petroleum

Plantation plantings promoted by private companies

Pro-ethanol Program

Rotating use of energy from wind, small central

hydroelectric, and bioenergy from wood and

sugar cane waste

Creation of Natural Reserves and restoration of degraded area

More than 90% of News Car are Flex


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Separation of garbage

Create urban green spaces

Planting of Trees

Planting of Riparian Forest


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Will it be easy to reverse global warming?

We are slaves to comfort, certain patterns of consumption can be incompatible with the changes needed

This depends greatly on the individual, because we are wrappedin a web of social relationships, political, economic and cultural factors

We can not only think that local pollution is ok if we plant forests in other countries… The planet is a unique system

and we need the awareness and help of everyone


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THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!

www.ibge.gov.br

www.brasil.com.br

www.amazonialegal.com.br

www.wwf.org.br

www.jornaldomeioambiente.com.br

http//wikipedia.org

www.sfb.gov.br

www.klabin.com.br

www.braslumber.com.br

www.infoplease.com.ipa

www.abraf.org.br

www.abimci.com.brMariane Camargo

[email protected]


brazil - world forestry center · 2020-03-10 · 11 environment brazil is subdivided into different...

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