book ‘m’ chapter 5, section 2. the total potential and kinetic energy of particles in an object...
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Book ‘M’ Chapter 5, Section 2
The total potential and kinetic energy of particles in an object
Examples◦ Lava: high thermal energy due to high amount of
Kinetic energy◦ Ice cream: low thermal energy due to low amount
of kinetic energy
The energy of electric charges Moving electric energy is kinetic energy Stored electric energy is potential energy Examples: lightning, handheld games, and
radios
Potential energy stored in the chemical bonds that hold chemical compounds together.
Examples: foods, matches, cell or your bodies
When chemical bonds are broken chemical energy is released.
Type of potential energy Stored in the nucleus of an atom Released during a nuclear reaction Two types:
◦ Fission: splitting of nuclei Nuclear power plants
◦ Fusion: join together of nuclei Sun
Wave with electrical and magnetic properties
Examples: microwaves, X-rays, ultraviolet radiation, infrared radiation, and radio waves
Book M, Chapter 5, Section 3
ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND CONSERVATION
Energy TransformationsA change from one form of energy to
anotherSingle Transformations:
One form of energy being transformed into another to get work done.
Example: toaster transforms electrical into thermal to toast your bread
Energy Transformations ContinueMultiple Transformations:
A series of energy transformation to do workExample: the mechanical energy used to
strike a match is transformed first to thermal energy. The thermal energy cause the particles in the match to release stored chemical energy, which is transformed to thermal energy and the electromagnetic energy you see as light.
Mechanical --- thermal---chemical---thermal and electromagnetic
Transformations between potential and kinetic energy
Energy transformation in juggling:As a juggling ball rises it velocity decrease,
thus kinetic energy decreaseAs the ball rises the potential energy increase
because of the increase in heightAt the highest point in the path of juggling
the ball motion has stop, thus is no KE but all the energy is PE
As PE increase KE will always decrease, like wise the as KE increase the PE will decrease
Energy transformation in juggling
Energy transformation in a pendulum
Energy Transformation in a Pole Vault
Conservation of EnergyLaw of conservation of energy: when one
form of energy is transformed to another, no energy is destroyed in the process
ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Energy and FrictionWhen a moving object experiences friction
some kinetic energy is transferred into thermal energy.
Example: warming hands
Energy and MatterMatter is anything that has mass and
takes up spaceEinstein discovered that matter can be
transformed to energyEnergy and matter together are always
conserved