BY- GROUP 6 IX - B

MATHS IN NATURE

INTRODUCTION

 Mathematics is all around us. As we discover more and more about our environment and our surroundings we see that nature can be described mathematically. The beauty of a flower, the majesty of a tree, even the rocks upon which we walk can exhibit natures sense of mathematics. Here are some basic mathematical concepts described in nature.

SYMMETRYObject is symmetric if it can be divided into two or more identical pieces that are arranged in an organized fashion. This means that an object is symmetric if there is a transformation that moves individual pieces of the object but doesn't change the overall shape. There are many types of symmetry, in this we will see:

1.Bilateral symmetry

2.Radial symmetry

BILATERAL SYMMETRY

Symmetrical arrangement, as of an organism or a body part, along a central axis, so that the body is divided into equivalent right and left halves by only one plane. There are many examples of bilateral symmetry in nature………

The human face can be divided from center to get two identical/mirrored parts.

Butterfly's center body divides its two identical

wings.

Radial symmetry

• An symmetric arrangement in which the object can be divided into many identical parts.

• In nature there many examples of radial symmetry like……

The petals of many flowers can be divided to form identical parts.

Star fish can be divided in around 10 symmetrical parts.

Parallel lines

•  Parallel lines are lines in a plane which do not meet; that is, two lines in a plane that do not intersect or touch at any point are said to be parallel.

• In nature there are many examples of parallel lines, some of them are……

The veins of leaves never meet, so they are parallel.

The strips on body of animals like Zebra and Tiger never meet, so they are

parallel.

These thin threads of spiders’ web never meet each other.

SHAPES

• Shapes are different closed figure formed with line segments and curves.

• Shapes are of two types:–2 dimension: square, rectangle,

triangle, circle, etc.–3 dimension: cube, cuboid, cone,

sphere, cylinder, etc.• In nature all object are in specific

shapes like…..

Sections of bee hives are hexagon (5 sided polygon)

All planets including earth are in the sphere shape.

The mountains we see around seems to be in cone shape.

FIBONACCI SEQUENCES

• The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers that follow a unique integer sequence.

• The sequence is like: 0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,36….. Did you notice the sequence: 0, 1, 1(0+1), 2(1+1), 3(1+2), 5(2+3), 8(3+5)……….

In nature the best

example of Fibonacci

sequence is the birth system of rabbits.

This sequence was discovered by

 Leonardo Fibonacci.

PATTERNS

• Patterns are link of different numbers, colors, shapes, etc. in a particular series.

• There are different beautiful and wonderful patterns we can discover in nature. Some of them are……..

Did you notice the arrangement of leaves to form a triangle.

See the black and white pattern on the zebra’s fur.

Superb!!! Looking at this cool pattern I will never like to eat this fruit and spoil

the pattern.

Wow!!!!!!! Such a wonderful wavy arrangement of sand made by wind.

MATHS FROM ATOM TO UNIVERSE

This is an atom – the smallest element on earth. See the protons, neutrons, electrons they are spherical and their orbit is also circular.

These are the eggs of an insect. See the perfect sphere shape.

This beetle has a wonderful black – yellow strip pattern and also it is bilaterally

symmetrical.

These triangle shaped grass are one more example of bilateral symmetry.

Can you notice the thorns making this cactus radially symmetric.

This beautiful parrot with red – green – blue pattern is also bilaterally

symmetrical.

This spherical watermelon is radially symmetric – divided by the dark green

strip pattern.

Observe these spherical planets and

their oval orbits forming a wonderful

pattern.

This spiral galaxy – milky way form an attractive spiral pattern.

CONCLUSION

• It is truly said by Dean Schleicher, “Go deep down enough anything, and

you will find mathematics.”• Really mathematics ranges from the

smallest particle on earth to the universe.

SPLENDID EFFORTS BY……

SOURADIPTA GANGULY VRIKSH PANDITPAUTRA TANISH PATWARI TANMAY SALUNKE PAARTH KAAMBLEY ANIKET GHOSH DEEPTA MENON MANSI MOGAVEERA SAKSHI KEDIA

THANK YOU