bones of the skull & face...parietal bones= base of skull articulations: 1. anteriorly with...
TRANSCRIPT
Bones of the skull & face
2
Cranium= brain case or helmet
The cranium is composed
of eight bones :
•frontal
•Occipital
•Sphenoid
•ethmoid
• parietal (2)
•Temporal (2)
Parietal bone
Frontal bone
Coronal suture
Lacrimal bone
Ethmoid bone
Squamous suture
Sphenoid bone
Temporal bone
Perpendicular plate
of the ethmoid bone
Infraorbital foramen
Vomer bone
Mandible
Supraorbital foramen
Nasal bone
Sphenoid bone
Middle nasal concha
of the ethmoid bone
Inferior nasal concha
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Zygomatic bone
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3
Cranium= brain case or helmet
• Frontal Bone (1)• Forehead
• Roof of nasal cavity
• Roof of orbits
• Frontal sinuses
• Supraorbital foramen
Parietal bone
Frontal bone
Coronal suture
Lacrimal bone
Ethmoid bone
Squamous suture
Sphenoid bone
Temporal bone
Perpendicular plate
of the ethmoid bone
Infraorbital foramen
Vomer bone
Mandible
Supraorbital foramen
Nasal bone
Sphenoid bone
Middle nasal concha
of the ethmoid bone
Inferior nasal concha
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Zygomatic bone
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Articulates with the parietal bones along the coronal suture
Forms superior portion of orbit
Contains 2 frontal (paranasal) sinuses
4
Cranium• Parietal Bones (2)
• Side walls of
cranium
• Roof of cranium
• Sagittal suture
• Coronal suture Coronal suture
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Mandible
Coronoid process
Styloid process
Mandibular condyle
Mastoid process
External acoustic meatus Temporal process
of zygomatic bone
Zygomatic processof temporal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Parietal bone
Lambdoid suture
Squamous suture
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Parietal bones= base of skullArticulations:1. anteriorly with frontal bones
at the coronal suture2. Posteriorly with occipital bone
at lambdoid suture3. Laterally with temporal bones
at squamous suture4. Between bones at sagittal
sinus
Skull
5
SuturesCoronal Suture
Frontal bone
Parietal bones
9
Cranium• Occipital Bone (1)
• Back of skull
• Base of cranium
• Foramen magnum
• Occipital condyles
• Lambdoidal sutureZygomatic bone
Palatine process of maxilla
Palatine bone
Occipital bone
Foramen magnum
Lambdoid suture
Zygomatic arch
Mandibular fossa
Styloid process
Occipital condyle
External acoustic meatus
Sphenoid bone
Vomer bone
Temporal bone
Mastoid foramen
Frontal boneMedian palatine suture
Incisive foramen
Greater palatine foramen
Stylomastoid foramen
Foramen spinosum
Carotid canal
Jugular foramen
Foramen ovale
Foramen lacerum
Condylar canal
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Occipital bone articulates with paired parietal bones along the lambdoid suture
Foramen magnum (large hole)= opening in occipital bone where nerve fibers pass through from the brain into the spinal cord
Occipital condyles= rounded processes on either of foramen magnum which articulate with the first vertebra(atlas)
SuturesLambdoid Suture
Occipital bone Parietal bones
Fig. 7.14Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Sutural
bones
Parietal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
SuturesSagittal Suture
Parietal bones
13
Cranium• Temporal Bones (2)
• Side walls of cranium
• Floor of cranium
• Floors and sides of orbits
• Squamous suture
• External acoustic meatus
• Mandibular fossa
• Mastoid process
• Styloid process
• Zygomatic process Coronal suture
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Mandible
Coronoid process
Styloid process
Mandibular condyle
Mastoid process
External acoustic meatus Temporal process
of zygomatic bone
Zygomatic process
of temporal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Parietal bone
Lambdoid suture
Squamous suture
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Temporal Bones lie inferior to parietal bones at the squamous sutureZygomatic process= bar like extensions that meets zygomatic boneExternal acoustic meatus = opening in tympanic region which opens to the inner portion of the earStyloid process=needle-like extension (attachment for muscles)Mastoid process= rounded process that extends down from the mastoid region of temporal bone (attachment for neck muscles)Mandibular process= depression where mandibular condyle articulates
SuturesSquamous Suture
Parietal bone Temporal bone
15
Facial Skeleton• Maxillae Bones (2)
Upper jaw
Anterior roof of mouth
Floors of orbits
Sides of nasal cavity
Floors of nasal cavity
Alveolar processes
Maxillary sinuses
Palatine process
Coronal suture
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Mandible
Coronoid process
Styloid process
Mandibular condyle
Mastoid process
External acoustic meatus Temporal
process
of zygoma
Zygomatic process
of temporal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Parietal bone
Lambdoid suture
Squamous suture
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Maxillae= upper jaw Contains two
maxillary (paranasal)sinuses
Maxillae
Fig. 7.17Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Parietal bone
Frontal bone
Coronal suture
Lacrimal bone
Ethmoid bone
Squamous suture
Sphenoid bone
Temporal bone
Perpendicular plate
of the ethmoid bone
Infraorbital foramen
Vomer bone
Mandible
Supraorbital foramen
Nasal bone
Sphenoid bone
Middle nasal concha
of the ethmoid bone
Zygomatic bone
Inferior nasal concha
Maxilla
Mental foramen
19
Facial Skeleton
Coronal suture
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Mandible
Coronoid process
Styloid process
Mandibular condyle
Mastoid process
External acoustic meatus Temporal
process
of zygoma
Zygomatic process
of temporal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Parietal bone
Lambdoid suture
Squamous suture
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
• Zygomatic Bones (2)• Prominences of cheeks
• Lateral walls of orbits
• Floors of orbits
• Temporal process
Zygomatic bones = Cheek bones Temporal process projects
posteriorly and articulates with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
These two processes compose the zygomatic arch
20
Facial Skeleton
Coronal suture
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Mandible
Coronoid process
Styloid process
Mandibular condyle
Mastoid process
External acoustic meatus Temporal
process
of zygoma
Zygomatic process
of temporal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Parietal bone
Lambdoid suture
Squamous suture
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• Zygomatic Bones (2)• Prominences of cheeks
• Lateral walls of orbits
• Floors of orbits
• Temporal process
Frontal bone
Fig. 7.18 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Supraorbital notch
Optic canal
Nasal bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Maxilla
Infraorbital foramenZygomatic bone
Inferior orbital
fissure
Palatine bone
Sphenoid bone
Superior orbital
fissure
Frontal bone
Fig. 7.19Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Coronoid process
Zygomatic process
of temporal bone
Styloid process
Mandibular condyle
Mastoid process
External acoustic meatus
Temporal bone
Occipital bone
Lambdoid suture
Squamous suture
Parietal boneCoronal suture
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Zygomatic bone
Temporal process
of zygomatic bone
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Mandible
Parietal bone
26
Facial Skeleton= shapes the face and provides attachment for various muscles that move the jaw and control facial expression
Coronal suture
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxilla
Mental foramen
Mandible
Coronoid process
Styloid process
Mandibular condyle
Mastoid process
External acoustic meatus Temporal
process
of zygoma
Zygomatic process
of temporal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Parietal bone
Lambdoid suture
Squamous suture
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Lacrimal Bones (2)• Medial walls of orbits
• Groove from orbit to nasal
cavity
Nasal Bones (2)• Bridge of nose
Lacrimal Bones = Median walls of orbit Contains lacrimal foramen
for tear drainage
Nasal Bones=• Bridge of nose
27
Facial Skeleton
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Coronal suture
Frontal bone
Nasal bone
Palatine bone
Vomer bone
Alveolar processes
Inferior nasal concha
Maxilla
Palatine process
of maxillaStyloid process
Sphenoidal sinus
Mandible
Perpendicular plate
(nasal septum)
Frontal sinus
Crista galli
Cribriform plate
Foramen magnum
Jugular foramen
Internal acoustic meatus
Sella turcica
Occipital bone
Parietal bone
Temporal bone
Lambdoid suture
Squamous sutureSphenoid bone
Hypoglossal canal
Mastoid process
Ethmoid
bone
Vomer Bone (1)Inferior portion of nasal septum
Inferior Nasal Conchae (2)Extend from lateral
walls of nasal cavity
Vomer= Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone forms the superior portion of nasal septum
28
Facial Skeleton
Mandible Bone (1) Lower jawbone
Body
Ramus
Mandibular condyle
Coronoid process
Alveolar process
Mandibular foramen
Mental foramen
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Coronoid process
Mandibular
foramen
Alveolar
arch
Coronoid
process
Body
(a)(b)
Mental foramen
Alveolar
process
Ramus
Mandibular
foramenMandibular condyle
Body
Mandible= Largest & strongest bone in the face Mandibular condyle articulates with
the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone at the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
*only movable bone in the skull*
Frontal sinus
Maxillary sinus
Sphenoidal sinus
Ethmoidal air cells
Fig. 7.21Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Incisive foramen
Palatine process of maxilla
Median palatine suture
Palatine bone
Greater palatine foramen
Foramen lacerum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Carotid canal
Jugular foramen
Stylomastoid foramen
Foramen magnum
Lambdoid suture
Condylar canal
Occipital bone
Zygomatic bone
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Zygomatic arch
Vomer bone
Mandibular fossa
Styloid process
External acoustic meatus
Occipital condyle
Mastoid foramen
Temporal bone
Occipital bone
Foramen magnum
Jugular foramen Internal acoustic meatus
Hypoglossal canal
Fig. 7.25Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Optic canal
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen lacerum
Internal acoustic
meatus
Jugular foramen
Occipital bone
Foramen magnum
Parietal bone
Foramen spinosum
Temporal bone
Sella turcica
Superior orbital fissure
Sphenoid bone
Frontal bone
Ethmoid
bone
Crista galli
Cribriform plate
Olfactory foramina
Fig. 7.27Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Temporal bone
Parietal bone
Squamous suture
Lambdoid suture
Occipital bone
Internal acoustic meatus
Jugular foramen
Sella turcica
Hypoglossal canal
Foramen magnum
Mastoid process
Alveolar processes
Vomer bone
Palatine bone
Sphenoidal sinus
Styloid process
Coronal suture
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Frontal sinus
Nasal bone
Ethmoid
bone
Maxilla
Mandible
Inferior nasal concha
Palatine process
of maxilla
Crista galli
Cribriform plate
Perpendicular plate
(nasal septum)
Zygomatic bone
Table 7.6
Table 7.7