Kvaerner Power

Boiler Safety

Tuomas Petänen04/21/23

Kvaerner Power

Goals of the Safety Education

Participators: Know basics about occupational safety in the

factory area. Are able to recognize the hazards at the factory

area and in their own work. Know how to prevent accidents. Know what to do in a case of accident.

NOTE! These instructions are not intended to override local safety rules!

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BOILER SAFETY

Agenda:

1. General Instructions

2. Preventing Main Hazards

3. How to Act in an Emergency?

Following given instructions has an effect on general cleanliness and orderliness, which assists occupational

safety and comfort.

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1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1.1 Workplace Cleanliness and Orderliness

1.2 Personal Protective Equipment

1.3 Intoxicants

1.5 Environmental Protection

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1.1 Workplace Cleanliness and Orderliness

It is everyone’s responsibility to maintain cleanliness and orderliness at a workplace.

Tools and other equipment must be placed in a proper place. Leftovers may: Impede with fire- or electrical

safety. Cause damage or dangerous

situations when left on the passageways or when they get in the process

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1.2 Personal Protective Equipment

Using protective equipment is required in areas, which are marked by a sign.

Use personal protective equipment if work includes safety hazards.

SAFETY HARNESS

HEARING PROTECTORS

SAFETY SHOES

EYE AND FACE PROTECTION SAFETY GLOVES

HARD HAT

OVERALLS

GAS MASKS

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1.3 Intoxicants     

Drugs and Alcohol Being under influence of alcohol or

other drugs as well as possessing them is strictly restricted in the factory area.

Smoking  Smoking is permitted only in the areas,

which are properly marked. Smoking elsewhere is strictly prohibited.

                                                    

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1.4 Environmental Protection

Reduce the amount of waste – sort waste and put them in the right containers.

Don’t discard chemicals with trash.

Do not let chemicals or waste go down into the sewage system.

Store waste chemicals only in compatible containers.

Contamination of the soil has to be always prevented.

In a case of environmental accident or chemical emission mark-off the area and inform your supervisor.

Hazardous Wastes

Air and Sewer Emissions

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2. PREVENTING MAIN HAZARDS

2.1 Accidental Start-ups

2.2 Falling Protection

2.3 Lifting Works

2.4 Chemicals

2.5 Electrical Safety

2.6 Hot Works Operations

2.7 Working in Confined Places

                                       

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2.1 Accidental Start-ups (1/2)

To prevent accidental start-ups: Use personal locks and

warning signs. Follow the manufacturer’s

instructions. Report to the control room

before and after the work.-> Machinery can be

controlled from the control room!

                                                                        

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2.1 Accidental Start-ups (2/2)

During maintenance: Secure the machinery from

accidental start-up. When finished make sure that

start-up won’t result a danger. Accidental stop may also

pose a risk.

How to isolate energy?

- Isolating Electricity

- Isolating Liquid Flow

- Isolating Hydraulic or Pneumatic Energy

- Isolating Mechanical Energy

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2.2 Falling Protection - Scaffolds

Scaffolds must be built according to manufacturer’s instructions.

During construction, take into account: The slope and durability of the base Required loads Secure anchorage Working levels, baseboards and

handrails Entrance ways Grounding method

Scaffolds must be inspected before use and contain a scaffold card.

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2.2 Falling Protection - Ladder

Ladders are not working levels. Use them only as a temporary

passage. Inspections of short duration can also

be made from them.

Make sure the ladders won’t fall: Bound the top of the ladder. Have an assisting person holding it.

If ladder is an access ladder, it has to reach at least 1 meter over the target level.

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2.2 Falling Protection – Open Holes

Open holes must be secured and marked clearly. Use railings and covers to

secure the hole. Place the railings around the

hole before making it, if possible.

If a task requires the railings surrounding a hole to be removed, put them back immediately after the job is finished.

When there is a risk of falling, use a safety harness.

                                      

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2.3 Lifting Works (1/2)

Before lifting: Use only approved and

unbroken lifting equipment. Check the equipment before

use. Evaluate weight and center of

gravity of the lifted object. Make sure the burden does

not exceed the lifting equipments maximum load.

Fasten the load carefully.

NOTE! Burdening of pressurized piping or its brackets is restricted!

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2.3 Lifting Works (2/2)

During lifting: Do not perform lifts over

persons. Do not leave the load hanging

on the hoisting machine. Workers may be lifted only with

approved equipment for lifting people.

Work cautiously around lifting areas.

Never trespass under a lifted load!

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2.4 Chemicals

There are various chemicals in the factory area.

All chemicals must be handled cautiously.

Make sure you are familiar with substances, that you are working with.

Information about chemical’s is written on: Its package Material Safety Data Sheets

(MSDS) -> Make sure you know where

MSDS:s are stored in your factory!

Use proper personal protective equipment.

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2.4.1 Danger symbols

Toxic (T),

Very toxic (T+)

Flammable (F), Extremely flammable (F+)

Irritating (Xi), Harmful (Xn)

Corrosive (C)

Oxidizing (O) Explosive (E)

Environmentally dangerous (N)

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2.4.2 Examples of Dangerous Chemicals

Ammonium hydroxide N, C

NH4OH

Sodium hydroxide C

(white, green and black liquor) NaOH

Hydrogen sulfide F+, T+, N

H2S

Carbon monoxide F+, T

CO

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2.5    Electrical Safety

Only a professional can install and repair electrical equipment.

Make sure that electric devises, wires and sockets are safe and meant for existing circumstances. Equipment should be secured with

either protective grounding or insulations, or supplied with safety voltage.

Keep the frontals of the switchboards open.

Areas where flammable liquids or gases are handled are classified as explosive atmospheres (explosion hazard).

-> Use explosion-protected (non-sparking) tools and electrical equipment.

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2.6 Hot Work Operations

Hot works – works that develop sparkles. The person performing hot works must:

Have a hot work permit. It is required on a temporary hot work site.

Take care of necessary first-hand extinguishing equipment.

Make sure there is fire guarding.

Fire guarding shall be continued for at least one hour after the end of the hot works!

Due to the risk of fire, consider alternative work procedures for hot work operations.

Welding gas tanks shall be stored at a shown area near the ramp.

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2.7 Working in Confined Places (1/2)

Confined places are tanks, silos, vessels and the ESP.

Confined places are dangerous because of: Dangerous substances Lack of oxygen Electricity A stationary or movable

device

Working in enclosed places requires a written permit!

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2.7 Working in Confined Places (2/2)

Following rules must be obtained in confined places:1. Make sure you know the

target’s instructions.2. Use alarming meter to make

sure there is enough oxygen and no carbon monoxide.

3. Do not work alone in a confined place! Have a door guard outside.

4. An electrical device has to be provided with safety voltage (24 V).

5. Do not leave anything in the tank after you have finished.

The Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP)

There is a High Voltage in

the ESP!

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3. HOW TO ACT IN AN EMERGENCY?

3.1 Know Your Workplace

3.1.1 Map of the Factory Area

3.2 Actions During Emergency

3.2.1 Emergency First Aid

3.3 Making the Emergency

Call

3.4 Fire Extinguishing

3.5 Gas Alert

- The emergency phone number of the mill area is ___________.

- The address is _______________________.

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3.1 Know Your Workplace

Risks in your workplace Process First-aid equipment Alarm systems Emergency exits Gathering points Fire alarm and fire

extinguishing systems

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3.1.1 Map of the Factory Area (Insert the local map here)

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3.2 Actions During Emergency

1. Evaluate the situation and try to prevent further damages. Is there need for first aid?

Quick actions are needed if:- Victim’s heart has stopped

beating- Victim is not breathing- Victim is bleeding profusely

2. Call for emergency.

3. Give first aid to the patient.

4. Call for help and share tasks.

5. Take care of guidance- Bring help to the place of

accident, not visa versa.

NOTE! In electrical accidents: - Switch off the electricity.- Remove the victim with a dry wooden pole.

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3.2.1 Emergency First Aid

Breathing- Is the patient breathing?- Make sure that the respiratory

passages are kept open.- If the patient is not breathing,

give mouth to mouth.

Hearth beat- Check the pulse from the

neck.- If there’s no pulse, start chest

compression

Profuse bleeding- Try to staunch the bleeding

by pressing the wound.- Lift the injured limb to the

upright position to lessen the bleeding.

It’s one’s responsibility to help an injured person according to his/her best capability. Maintain and develop your first aid skills!

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3.3 Making the Emergency Call

1. Stay calm, and tell what has happened. How many persons has injured?

2. Tell the address of the location where the accident has occurred.

3. Is there a risk for more injuries?

4. Try to answer clearly to every question.

5. Guide help to the place of accident.

6. Inform the management and the gate.

Do not hang up until you have been given a permission to do so!

Keep the line open so the emergency center can give or ask

for more information.

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3.4 Fire Extinguishing

In a case of fire: Save and protect all personnel working

in the danger zone and inform others. Evaluate whether to extinguish the fire

or call for help first. Use the closest fire extinguisher to

quench the fire. Take care of guidance for the fire

department. Move all gas bottles away from the

danger zone or inform the rescue squad about them. 

To prevent fire from spreading, close doors and windows. 

Do not use the elevator.

Inform your supervisor if you have used extinguishing equipment so it can be replaced.

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3.5 Gas Alert

Common warning signal is a rising and falling continuous siren sound.

Make sure you recognize the signal at your mill area.

Gas irritates eyes and respiratory organs, causes cough and tears.

Large amounts are life threatening, if inhaled.

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How to act During Gas Alarm?

If you are INSIDE when the signal is given: Warn others about the alert. Secure your respiration by

keeping a moist cloth on your mouth and nose.

Close doors, windows and ventilation.

Listen to the radio for more instructions.

Do not use the phone unless you have an emergency.  

If you are OUTSIDE when the signal is given: Move inside and obey those

instructions. If you cannot get inside:

Try to leave the danger zone by moving to the side-wind.

-> You can conclude the wind’s direction from windsocks or from smoke.

Cover your breath.

Observe the instructions given by the authorities or safety personnel. 

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Reminder

Everyone has a right to refuse to commit a task, if current working conditions do not seem safe.

At the end, occupational safety depends on your commitment!