body type and different weights learning objectives understand the effects of under and over eating...
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Body Type and
DifferentWeights
Learning Objectives• Understand the effects of under and over eating
• Know the different somatotypes and how they link to sporting activities
• Develop understanding of what effects optimum weight
What is blood shunting?
A Where all your blood gets redirected to the working muscles during exercise
B Redistribution of blood flow before exercise
C Redistribution of blood flow during exercise
D Where all your blood gets redirected to your digestive system during exercise
What is blood shunting?
A Where all your blood gets redirected to the working muscles during exercise
B Redistribution of blood flow before exercise
C Redistribution of blood flow during exercise
D Where all your blood gets redirected to your digestive system during exercise
BMI is calculated by...?
A weight ÷ (height x height)
B weight x (height ÷ height)
C height x (weight ÷ weight)
D height ÷ (weight x weight)
BMI is calculated by...?
A weight ÷ (height x height)
B weight x (height ÷ height)
C height x (weight ÷ weight)
D height ÷ (weight x weight)
Optimum weight is described as...?
A ideal weight – not effecting success
B poor weight – giving best chance for success
C ideal weight – giving best chance for success
D ideal weight – not effecting chance for success
Optimum weight is described as...?
A ideal weight – not effecting success
B poor weight – giving best chance for success
C ideal weight – giving best chance for success
D ideal weight – not effecting chance for success
What is carboloading?
A Eating more carbohydrates during competition
B Eating more carbohydrates before competition
C Eating only carbohydrates before competition
D Eating carbohydrates after competition
What is carboloading?
A Eating more carbohydrates during competition
B Eating more carbohydrates before competition
C Eating only carbohydrates before competition
D Eating carbohydrates after competition
What is the effect of carboloading?
A Eating food that are high in bulk fills you up before you compete
B Improves performance because we are balanced by all nutrients
C Eating foods that decrease our weight and build muscle
D Eating foods that allow as store of glycogen to build up in our body
What is the effect of carboloading?
A Eating food that are high in bulk fills you up before you compete
B Improves performance because we are balanced by all nutrients
C Eating foods that decrease our weight and build muscle
D Eating foods that allow as store of glycogen to build up in our body
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The effects of under and over eating
Weight Gain
Weight Maintained
Weight Loss
If the calorie intake exceeds the energy
expended
If calorie intake is balanced with energy used If more energy is
expended and less calories are taken in
Degrees of being overweight
OVERWEIGHT
OVERFAT
OBESE
•Heavier than average of gender, height, build.
•Not necessarily a threat to health – muscle?
•Direct effect on health
•High level of fat
•Can lead to obesity related disease
•High blood pressure, heart attack?
•Abnormally fat - 20%
•Health risks - diabetes, heart disease
•In extremes - can be fatal
Degrees of being underweight
UNDERWEIGHT
ANOREXIC
•10% under optimum weight
•Some naturally underweight
•Others try to be underweight to help their sport
•Anorexia nervosa
•See themselves as fat so don't eat
•Obsessive state of mind
Depression, kidney/liver damage, deathIrregular periods, risk of
injury, fatigue, osteoporosis
TaskLook at the images below and think about the
characteristics of each body type (shoulders, hips, body fat, muscles)
RESEARCH:•What are the 3 somatotyopes called?•List at least 3 sports or sporting positions that are most suited to these body shapes.
A mesomorph body shape hasthe following characteristics:
Wide shoulders.
Narrow hips.
Muscular body, arms and legs.
Very little body fat.
The word ‘Muscular’ will help you remember the body shape of a Mesomorph.
Mesomorph
The ectomorph body shape has the following characteristics:
Narrow body.
Thin body, arms and legs.
Little body fat.
Very little muscle.
The word ‘Thin’ will help you remember the body shape of an ecTomorph.
Ectomorph
An endomorph body shape hasthe following characteristics:
Wide hips
Narrow shoulders
Fat arms and legs
Fat body
The word ‘Dumpy’ will help you rememberthe body shape of an enDomorph.
Endomorph
Why does Optimum Weight vary?
Height Tall people = greater optimum weight;
Due to higher percentage of bone.
Bone Structure
Body frame (broad/ narrow) will influence weight.
Physically active children have more layers of bone, therefore increasing bone density and weight.
Gender M and F have different body fat percentages.
Average body fat: 20% M 30% F
Muscle girth
Muscle weighs more than fat.
1) Optimum Weight
2) Anorexic
3) Obese
4) Overfat
5) Overweight
6) Underweight
A) People who are very overfat.
B) Weighing less than is normal, healthy or required.
C) More bodyfat than needed.
D) Ideal weight for a person.
E) Prolonged weight loss eating disorder. Due to obsessive control of food intake.
F) Having weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by overfatness).
MUST: Match the terms with the descriptions
SHOULD: State the somatotype for each term.
COULD: State the BMI category for term.
Skin-fold calliper
•Fat %
•Thickness of a fold of skin with its underlying layer of fat
Ii
•Fat layer = just below top layer off skin
•Fat = good insulator
•Varies with age and gender
•Babies + women = thicker layers than men
•Both sexes can increase fat ratio as get older
•Men = middle
•Women = thighs and buttocks
Measuring Fat