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BLUE PLANET WATER DIALOGUE | SMART WATER FOR RESILIENT CITIES | 25.02.2021

PROF. JOCHEN RABE | EINSTEIN CENTER DIGITAL FUTURE + CEO KWBERLIN

SMART CITY || WATER || BERLIN THIS IS IT?THIS IS IT!

AGENDA OR: A FEW THINGS TO GET OUT OF THE WAY …

THE SMART CITY IS NOT ABOUT TECHNOLOGY

THE SMART CITY WILL NOT BE BUILT

RESILIENCE ≠ SUSTAINABILITY

THE WATER SECTOR HARDLY FEATURES IN, LET ALONE DRIVES THE SMART CITY DEBATE

T I T E L T E X T

THE SMART CITY IS NOT ABOUT TECHNOLOGY

T I T E L T E X T

YES, WE CAN! NEW TECH BUT…

CYBER-SECURITY OF URBAN WATER NETWORKS

PRICING AND TARIFF POLICING FOR WATER USES

INNOVATIVE INTERMITTENT USES IN DROUGHT PERIODS

HYDROINFORMATIC APPLICATIONS IN WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR SMART URBAN WATER

MACHINE LEARNING AND BIG DATA FOR URBAN WATER SYSTEMS

ENERGY DEMAND MANAGEMENT

BEHAVIORAL MODELING

WATER DEMAND USER PROFILING

WATER AND ENERGY NEXUS

NON-INTRUSIVE LOAD MONITORING

DATA-DRIVEN WATER DEMAND MODELINGRESIDENTIAL WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT

WATER SAFETY PLAN IN URBAN WATER SYSTEMS

ACTIONS TO PROTECT WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS FROM ACCIDENTAL AND INTENTIONAL CONTAMINATION

INNOVATIVE METRICS FOR RESILIENCE COMPUTATION IN SMART WATER NETWORKS

DIVIDE-AND-CONQUER TECHNIQUES FOR WATER NETWORK PARTITIONING

IDENTIFICATION AND DISAGGREGATION OF WATER DEMAND

BIG DATA FOR WATER UTILITIES MANAGEMENT

ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF URBAN WATER NETWORK

APPLICATION OF IOT IN SMART URBAN WATER SYSTEMS

INNOVATIVE MODELING APPROACHES FOR SMART URBAN WATER NETWORK

OPTIMAL NETWORK DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT

T I T E L T E X T

E a r t h S y s t e m T r e n d sS o c i o - E c o n o m i c T r e n d s

RAPID CHANGE HAPPENING | ∆ + ∆/T THE GREAT ACCELERATION

© W i l l S t e f f e n e t a l . T h e T r a j e c t o r y o f t h e A n t h r o p o c e n e

RAPID CHANGE NEEDED! WHERE IS #18?

T I T E L T E X T

RESILIENCE ≠ SUSTAINABILITY

  ICH G

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  ICH GLAUBE, DA HABEN WIR ALLE ETWAS DAVON.

  ICH G

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TARGETED TRANSFORMATION

RESILIENCE

HIGH LEVELS OF SUSTAINABILITY

E L M Q V I S T , T H O M A S E T A L . : S U S T A I N A B I L I T Y A N D R E S I L I E N C E F O R T R A N S F O R M A T I O N I N T H E U R B A N

C E N T U R Y . 2 0 1 9 I N : N A T U R E S U S T A I N A B I L I T YRESILIENCE ≠ SUSTAINABILITY

TIME VARIABILITY AND CHANCE

1. Is the hydrological cycle regionally accelerating/decelerating under climate and environmental change, and are there tipping points (irreversible changes)?

2. How will cold region runoff and groundwater change in a warmer climate (e.g. with glacier melt and permafrost thaw)?3. What are the mechanisms by which climate change and water use alter ephemeral rivers and groundwater in (semi-) arid regions?4. What are the impacts of land cover change and soil disturbances on water and energy fluxes at the land surface, and on the resulting groundwater

recharge?SPACE VARIABILITY AND SCALING

5. What causes spatial heterogeneity and homogeneity in runoff, evaporation, subsurface water and material fluxes (carbon and other nutrients, sediments), and in their sensitivity to their controls (e.g. snow fall regime, aridity, reaction coefficients)?

6. What are the hydrologic laws at the catchment scale and how do they change with scale?7. Why is most flow preferential across multiple scales and how does such behaviour co-evolve with the critical zone?8. Why do streams respond so quickly to precipitation inputs when storm flow is so old, and what is the transit time distribution of water in the terrestrial

water cycle?VARIABILITY OF EXTREMES 9. How do flood-rich and drought-rich periods arise, are they changing, and if so why?

Why are runoff extremes in some catchments more sensitive to land-use/ cover and geomorphic change than in others? Why, how and when do rain-on-snow events produce exceptional runoff?

10. Why are runoff extremes in some catchments more sensitive to land-use/ cover and geomorphic change than in others?11. Why, how and when do rain-on-snow events produce exceptional runoff?

INTERFACES IN HYDROLOGY 12. What are the processes that control hillslope–riparian–stream– groundwater interactions and when do the compartments connect?13. What are the processes controlling the fluxes of groundwater across boundaries (e.g. groundwater recharge, inter-catchment fluxes and discharge to

oceans)?14. What factors contribute to the long-term persistence of sources responsible for the degradation of water quality?15. What are the extent, fate and impact of contaminants of emerging concern and how are microbial pathogens removed or inactivated in the subsurface?

MEASUREMENTS AND DATA 16. How can we use innovative technologies to measure surface and subsurface properties, states and fluxes at a range of spatial and temporal scales?17. What is the relative value of traditional hydrological observations vs soft data (qualitative observations from lay persons, data mining etc.), and under

what conditions can we substitute space for time?18. How can we extract information from available data on human and water systems in order to inform the building process of socio-hydrological models

and conceptualisations?MODELLING METHODS 19. How can hydrological models be adapted to be able to extrapolate to changing conditions, including changing vegetation dynamics?

20. How can we disentangle and reduce model structural/parameter/input uncertainty in hydrological prediction? INTERFACES WITH SOCIETY 21. How can the (un)certainty in hydrological predictions be communicated to decision makers and the general public?

22. What are the synergies and tradeoffs between societal goals related to water management (e.g. water–environment–energy–food–health)?23. What is the role of water in migration, urbanisation and the dynamics of human civilisations, and what are the implications for contemporary water

management?

23 UNSOLVED PROBLEMS IN HYDROLOGY B l ö s c h l e t a l . ( 2 0 1 9 ) T w e n t y - t h r e e u n s o l v e d p r o b l e m s i n h y d r o l o g y ( U P H ) – a c o m m u n i t y p e r s p e c t i v e , H y d r o l o g i c a l S c i e n c e s J o u r n a l ,

6 4 : 1 0 , 1 1 4 1 - 1 1 5 8 , D O I : 1 0 . 1 0 8 0 / 0 2 6 2 6 6 6 7 . 2 0 1 9 . 1 6 2 0 5 0 7

TIME VARIABILITY AND CHANCE

1. Is the hydrological cycle regionally accelerating/decelerating under climate and environmental change, and are there tipping points (irreversible changes)?

2. How will cold region runoff and groundwater change in a warmer climate (e.g. with glacier melt and permafrost thaw)?3. What are the mechanisms by which climate change and water use alter ephemeral rivers and groundwater in (semi-) arid regions?4. What are the impacts of land cover change and soil disturbances on water and energy fluxes at the land surface, and on the resulting groundwater

recharge?SPACE VARIABILITY AND SCALING

5. What causes spatial heterogeneity and homogeneity in runoff, evaporation, subsurface water and material fluxes (carbon and other nutrients, sediments), and in their sensitivity to their controls (e.g. snow fall regime, aridity, reaction coefficients)?

6. What are the hydrologic laws at the catchment scale and how do they change with scale?7. Why is most flow preferential across multiple scales and how does such behaviour co-evolve with the critical zone?8. Why do streams respond so quickly to precipitation inputs when storm flow is so old, and what is the transit time distribution of water in the terrestrial

water cycle?VARIABILITY OF EXTREMES 9. How do flood-rich and drought-rich periods arise, are they changing, and if so why?

Why are runoff extremes in some catchments more sensitive to land-use/ cover and geomorphic change than in others? Why, how and when do rain-on-snow events produce exceptional runoff?

10. Why are runoff extremes in some catchments more sensitive to land-use/ cover and geomorphic change than in others?11. Why, how and when do rain-on-snow events produce exceptional runoff?

INTERFACES IN HYDROLOGY 12. What are the processes that control hillslope–riparian–stream– groundwater interactions and when do the compartments connect?13. What are the processes controlling the fluxes of groundwater across boundaries (e.g. groundwater recharge, inter-catchment fluxes and discharge to

oceans)?14. What factors contribute to the long-term persistence of sources responsible for the degradation of water quality?15. What are the extent, fate and impact of contaminants of emerging concern and how are microbial pathogens removed or inactivated in the subsurface?

MEASUREMENTS AND DATA 16. How can we use innovative technologies to measure surface and subsurface properties, states and fluxes at a range of spatial and temporal scales?17. What is the relative value of traditional hydrological observations vs soft data (qualitative observations from lay persons, data mining etc.), and under

what conditions can we substitute space for time?18. How can we extract information from available data on human and water systems in order to inform the building process of socio-hydrological models

and conceptualisations?MODELLING METHODS 19. How can hydrological models be adapted to be able to extrapolate to changing conditions, including changing vegetation dynamics?

20. How can we disentangle and reduce model structural/parameter/input uncertainty in hydrological prediction? INTERFACES WITH SOCIETY 21. How can the (un)certainty in hydrological predictions be communicated to decision makers and the general public?

22. What are the synergies and tradeoffs between societal goals related to water management (e.g. water–environment–energy–food–health)?23. What is the role of water in migration, urbanisation and the dynamics of human civilisations, and what are the implications for contemporary water

management?

MODEL CALIBRATION / VALIDATION

T I T E L T E X T

THE SMART CITY WILL NOT BE BUILT

HOW WILL THE SMART CITY LOOK LIKE AND HOW WILL

IT BE DIFFERENT?

T h i r t y - f o u r p a r k i n g l o t s i n L o s A n g e l o s © E d R u c h a

THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES LURK IN

THE SYSTEMS INFORMING AND OPERATING THE

PHYSICAL CITY

T I T E L T E X T

THE WATER SECTOR HARDLY FEATURES IN - LET ALONE DRIVES - THE SMART CITY DEBATE.

WHY?

HYDROLOGY ECOLOGY

1 2ENGINEERING

SOCIOLOGY

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

BUILT ENVIRONMENT

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

BUILT ENVIRONMENT

CYBER-SECURITY OF URBAN WATER NETWORKS

PRICING AND TARIFF POLICING FOR WATER USES

INNOVATIVE INTERMITTENT USES IN DROUGHT PERIODS

HYDROINFORMATIC BASED WATER DISTRIBUTION

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR SMART URBAN WATER

MACHINE LEARNING + BIG DATA

BEHAVIORAL MODELING

WATER DEMAND USER PROFILING

WATER AND ENERGY NEXUS

NON-INTRUSIVE LOAD MONITORING

DATA-DRIVEN WATER DEMAND MODELING

RESIDENTIAL WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT

WATER SAFETY PLAN IN URBAN WATER SYSTEMS

PROTECTION FROM ACCIDENTAL/INTENTIONAL CONTAMINATION

INNOVATIVE METRICS FOR RESILIENCE COMPUTATION

WATER NETWORK PARTITIONING

IDENTIFICATION AND DISAGGREGATION OF WATER DEMAND

ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF URBAN WATER NETWORK

APPLICATION OF IOT IN SMART URBAN WATER SYSTEMS

INNOVATIVE MODELING APPROACHES

OPTIMAL NETWORK MANAGEMENT

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CHANGE OF HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE, TIPPING POINTS

HYDROLOGICAL MODELS BE ADAPTED TO BE ABLE TO EXTRAPOLATE TO CHANGING CONDITIONS

COMMUNICATION OF (UN)CERTAINTY IN HYDROLOGICAL PREDICTIONS

DISENTANGLE AND REDUCE MODEL UNCERTAINTY IN HYDROLOGICAL PREDICTION

SYNERGIES AND TRADEOFFS BETWEEN SOCIETAL GOALS RELATED TO WATER MANAGEMENT

EXTRACT INFORMATION FROM AVAILABLE DATA ON HUMAN AND WATER SYSTEMS

EXTENT, FATE AND IMPACT OF CONTAMINANTS HILLSLOPE–RIPARIAN–STREAM– GROUNDWATER INTERACTIONS

ROLE OF WATER IN MIGRATION, URBANISATION AND THE DYNAMICS OF HUMAN CIVILISATIONS

HYDROLOGIC LAWS AT THE CATCHMENT SCALE

SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY AND HOMOGENEITY IN WATER FLUXES

TRANSIT TIME DISTRIBUTION OF WATER IN THE TERRESTRIAL WATER CYCLE

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES TO MEASURE SURFACE + SUBSURFACE STATES AND FLUXES

TOWARDS WHOLE WATERCYCLE MANAGEMENT W a t e r a n d t h e C i r c u l a r E c o n o m y ; A W h i t e p a p e r ; 2 0 2 0 ; A r u p , E l l e n M a c A r t h u r F o u n d a t i o n ,

A n t e a G r o u p

)

NOW

2021

09|2

1 EL

ECTI

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ERLI

N

2022

Refinement Implementation Projects

BMI MODELLPROJEKTE SMART CITY (MPSC)

PHASE 1SMART CITY STRATEGIE BERLIN

SC Strategy Framework

Lobbying PHASE 2 - 2022

Start MPSC Coordination and Transfer Unit

3. Call

18

Start Implementationprojects

1. Urban Square of the Future - Hardenbergplatz | Operation Models

2. Data Governance - Public meets Private | Common Good + Digitalisation

3. Smart Water | Modeling + Governance in Extreme Weather Events

4. Kiezboxen | Bottom-up Networks for Resilience

5. Digital Participatory Budgets

3. Smart Water | Modeling + Governance in Extreme Weather Events

Overcoming the Disconnect Smart City || Water Sector - BERLN MPSC

MODEL CALIBRATION / VALIDATION

Smart rain barrel Source: Oberascher et al. 2019 (Aqua Urbanica)

Smart green roof Source: Sommer & Gößner 2019 (Aqua Urbanica)

© A R U P

Overcoming the Disconnect Smart City || Water Sector3. Smart Water | Modeling + Governance in Extreme Weather Events

WE ARE LOOKING FORWARD TO THE DISCUSSION!

Prof. Jochen Rabe