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О стартапах и не только стартапах и не только Алексей Пацко Апрель 2009 23 april 2009 1 Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

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Page 1: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

ОО стартапах и не толькостартапах и не только

Алексей ПацкоАпрель 2009

23 april 2009 1Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 2: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Познакомимся?Познакомимся?

• 35 лет. Украинец. Живу во Франции.

• Образование:– 1995 КПИ, Инженер-Электроник

– 2003 INSEAD (Франция), MBA

• Опыт работы: – 1994-1998 Квазар-Микро.

– 1998-2001 SAP Украина. Sales manager

– 2001-2002 UMC. Project director.

– 2003-2008 IN-FUSIO. Biz Dev Director

• Собственные проекты:– MyVocal

– midletanywhere.com / anyhandset.com

23 april 2009 2Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 3: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

et et vousvous??

23 april 2009 3Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 4: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

High Risks High Risks –– High High ……............………………………………Ron Adner

FAILURE RATEFAILURE RATE

23 april 2009 4Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 5: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

ОО чем говоричем говорим сегодням сегодня

• История одного стартапа – от успеха до провала

• Что делает стартап успешным

• Что важнее всего

• Practical Matters:– Start-up 3.0 (реалии 2009)

– Personal trade-off

– Что строить

– Pitch

– Финансирование

– CAP Table, Returns Calculator

• Q&A

• Wrap-up

23 april 2009 5Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 6: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

История одного стартапаИстория одного стартапа (beg)(beg)

• 1998 – inception, early vision. Seed financing (F&F +

state financing/tax credit)

• 1999 – partnership with Schlumberger. First products

& revenue. A-round funding from VC (€ 0.8m)

• 2000 – launch across few carriers, announcement of

platform (ExEn), B-round funding (€ 13.3 m)

• 2001- launch of ExEn platform with first clients

(Orange, Vodafone DE). C-round funding (€ 2.8m)

• 2002 – launch in China, SFR, Italy, UK. Version 2 of the

platform(ExEn Color), first licensing and development

deals. 1.5 mln registered players, 8k new users daily,

~$3 mln rev. D-round (€ 6.5m)

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 6

http://corporate.in-fusio.com/fond_information/press_info.php

5% mobile

penetration

Page 7: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

23 april 2009 7Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 8: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

История одного стартапаИстория одного стартапа (cont)(cont)

• 2003 – launch in Spain, Netherlands. Embedded in

Bird (China), 5mln reg users, 10m games downloads,

platform of “Vodafone Live” in France, licensed LOTR,

Terminator-2, South Parc, Spyro, acquires US

publisher, $14.4 mln rev.

• 2004 – Licensing deal with Microsoft (AOE, ZooTycoon,

MidtMadness, etc.), opens US distribution, new

product announced (Gaming Extension for Java), E-

round funding (€ 22m), $20 m rev

• 2005 – acquisition of 2 games publishers (in Europe

and USA), distribution deals with all major operators,

ex-CEO Take2 Interactive joins the board….

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 8

http://corporate.in-fusio.com/fond_information/press_info.php

10%

mobile

penetr.

Page 9: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

История одного стартапаИстория одного стартапа (fin)(fin)

• 2005 (cont) – board turns down offer from the major

internet company, new generation of platform is sold

but not ready, CEO leaves, first round of restructuring

• 2006 – original business erodes, new business

(publishing) does not compensate the drop. New

technology underperform as market shifts. More

restructuring. Attempts of trade sale fail.

• 2007 – more restructuring, management leaves, fire

sale to a smaller company.

• 2008 – 2009 – administration.

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 9

http://corporate.in-fusio.com/fond_information/press_info.php

25%

mobile

penetr.

Page 10: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Lifecycle Lifecycle бизнесабизнеса

23 april 2009 10Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 11: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

ЗадачаЗадача

23 april 2009 11Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 12: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Самое сложноеСамое сложное

23 april 2009 12Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 13: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Что делает стартап успешнымЧто делает стартап успешным??

• “Традиционные” факторы

– Market

– Team

– Product

• Focus on market & customers

• Hard work

• Luck

• Definition of Success (success is relevant!)

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 13

Page 14: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Что важнее всего?Что важнее всего?

• Market?

• Team?

• Product?

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 14

* When a great team meets a lousy market, market wins.

* When a lousy team meets a great market, market wins.

* When a great team meets a great market, something special happens.

- Andy Rachleff, Benchmark Capital

Page 15: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

http://venturehacks.com/articles/customer-development-course

Dilbert Way to Plan a StartupDilbert Way to Plan a Startup

23 april 2009 15Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 16: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

http://venturehacks.com/articles/customer-development-course

VC Way to Plan StartupVC Way to Plan Startup

23 april 2009 16Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 17: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

http://venturehacks.com/articles/customer-development-course

Steve Blanc’s Way to Plan StartupSteve Blanc’s Way to Plan Startup

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 17

Page 18: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Why startWhy start--ups failups fail

Over 90% of start-ups fail because

they did not find market and

customers.

– Steve Blank

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 18

http://steveblank.com/

Page 19: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Product / Market FitProduct / Market Fit

• Startup should focus obsessively on getting to product/market fit.

• Do whatever is required to get to product/market fit. Including

changing out people, rewriting your product, moving into a

different market, telling customers no when you don't want to,

telling customers yes when you don't want to, raising […] highly

dilutive venture capital -- whatever is required.

• When you get right down to it, you can ignore almost everything

else.

• Marc Andresseen

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 19

Page 20: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

http://venturehacks.com/articles/customer-development-course

Steve Blank model of Steve Blank model of EntreprEntrepr..

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 20

Page 21: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

StartStart--up 3.0. up 3.0. РеалииРеалии 2009.2009.

Эволюция критериев VC

• 1990: Product, Client(s), Revenue

• 1998: Idea, Business plan

• 2003: Product, Team, Traction

• 2009: Products, Client(s), Revenue

23 april 2009 21Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 22: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

StartStart--up 3.0. Business modelsup 3.0. Business models

• Online– Advertising & sponsorship(Google, Craigslist)

– Freemium (Linkedin)

– Brockerage (Ebay)

• Software– SAAS (Salesforce.com)

– Open Source (MySQL)

• Other– Merchant (Amazon)

– Hardware (Apple)

– Infomediary (Doubleclick)

– Donations (Charity)

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 22

Page 23: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Персональный Персональный tradetrade--offoff

– Постоянная неуверенность в

завтрашнем дне

– Ничего не случиться само по себе -

все зависит от вас.

– Привыкайте к слову «НЕТ»

– Найти единомышленников сложно,

еще сложнее удержать и

смотивировать.

– Высокая вероятность ошибки в

одном из ключевых факторов +

менющиеся внешние факторы

– Объем работы многократно больше

нормального

– Персональные риски – семья,

карьера, и т.п. ...

23 april 2009 23Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 24: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Предварительные итогиПредварительные итоги

• Большинство стартапов заканчивают ничем(некоторый даже делая все правильно – см. слайды 6-9)

• Рецепта успеха не существует, только мнения.

• Традиционные бизнес-модели разрушаются, новые бизнес-модели не очевидны

• Ожидания инвесторов растут (циклично?)

• Персональные риски велики

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 24

Page 25: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Что мотивируетЧто мотивирует

Opportunity (Option)

• Be in control of your destiny

• Build something

• Impact

• Work with great people

• $$$

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 25

@0frank: Entrepreneurship is living a few years of your life

like most people won’t so that you can spend the rest of your

life like most people can’t

....with probability like most people wont bet on

Page 26: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Что строить?Что строить?

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 26

Service Product

Порог вхождения Low High

Потребность в капитале Low High

Time to market Short Long

Рынок Small / local Large /global

Фрагментация клиентов High Low

Margins Low High

Economies of Scale Low High

Page 27: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

ПрезентацияПрезентация

"Summarize the company's

business on the back of a

business card."

— Sequoia Capital

23 april 2009 27Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 28: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Что рассказыватьЧто рассказывать??

23 april 2009 28Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Изменить мир Лучшая команда Экспоненц. рост

Page 29: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

СтруктураСтруктура презентациипрезентации1. Vision:

What are you trying to do, and why are you doing it?

2. Market: What is the market you are addressing and the estimated value of this

market over the next 5 to 10 years?

3. Team:Who are the key people (Vision, Operations, Tech, Sales, Marketing), and

what are their specific qualifications in the target market?

4. Offering: What is your exact offering? If possible, present a three to five minute pre-

recorded video demonstration.

5. Roadmap: Where are you in your offering release cycle and with respect to gaining

traction?

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 29

Page 30: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

СтруктураСтруктура презентациипрезентации (cont)(cont)6. Deals:

What are your major partnerships, relationships, etc.?

7. Competition:who are your competitors and how will you compete? How are you different

from your main competitors? How will you protect your advantage?

8. Financials:What is your high-level projected P&L for the next two years plus the current

and previous year?

9. Capital:How much capital are you raising and what will it be used for? What are the

acqusition drivers in this industry going to look like say 3 years from now?

how do you fit into all of this?

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 30

Page 31: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

ФинансированиеФинансирование

• Действительно ли необходимо?

• В каком объеме?

• Чтобы сделать что ? (куда потратить)

• Имеете ли вы по крайней мере 2 из 3:

– Market

– Team

– Product (technology)

23 april 2009 31Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 32: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Объем финансированияОбъем финансирования

• В идеале : сначала привлечь сколько нужно

для нахождения Product/Market Fit, потом

привлечь больше на бОльшем valuation

• В реальном мире : привлекайте сколько

можете пока есть возможность!

• Слишком много денег бывает. Вызывает

“cultural corrosion” – раздувание штатов,

лень, недостаточную исполнительскую

дисциплину, срыв сроков, и т.п.

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 32

Page 33: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Источники финансированияИсточники финансирования

• Clients

• Friends & Family

• Angel Investors

• Venture Capital (VC)

• Corporate Investors (бОльшая компания)

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 33

Page 34: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Clients (Bootstrap)Clients (Bootstrap)

• Идеальный инвестор – это клиент

– Подтверждение нужности вашего предложения

– Формирование требований, тестирование

– Помощь в продажах (references)

– Финансирование

• Фокус на бизнес, а не fundraising

• Многие успешные компаний на самом деле

bootstrapped

23 april 2009 34Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 35: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

AngelsAngels• Family investor

– is likely not really a classic Angel Investor at all but rather a supportive

family member that "knows you“

• Relationship investor

– probably one or more co-workers from a previous gig or business friends

you have known for a while. May or may not understand what your

company is doing but have had a track record working with you.

• Idea Investor

– Probably very familiar with the space your company is targeting. Best

types of Angels - they validate your idea.

• Just Money Investor

– Connected through a personal or professional relationship with either the

Relationship Investor or the Idea Investor. Likely don't know you, likely

don't have a clue if your idea is good or bad but they have translated the

trust in the investment to the person they know. 23 april 2009 35Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 36: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

VCVC

• $500m+ valuation on exit

• $2m+ investment round

• Market – sizable market, plan to reach $100m

in revenue within 4-5 years

• Team with track records or seasoned

executives from “trendy” companies

• Technology

23 april 2009 36Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 37: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Математика Математика Venture CapitalVenture Capital

23 april 2009 37Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 38: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Corporate / strategicCorporate / strategic

• Самый редкий вид финансирования

• Обычно не делают Seed financing, инвестируют

на более позднем этапе (growth capital)

• Часто готовы инвестировать на очень хороших

условиях

• Лучше использовать как клиентов

• МИНУС - может заблокировать возможные

сделки с покупателями бизнеса. ПЛЮС –

может стать возможным покупателем.

23 april 2009 38Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 39: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

SeedcampSeedcamp & & YcombinatorYcombinator

• «клуб» VC и инвесторов-активистов

• Инвестируют $20-100K за 2-10% equity

• Инвестируют в десятки проектов

• Минимум сопровождения

23 april 2009 39Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 40: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Financing Financing -- recaprecap

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 40

• Friends & Family ($1K – $200K)

• Angels ($ 50K – 500K), Seedcamp/YC

• Early stage VC ($2m - $5m)

• Later stage VC ($5m – $25m)

• Growth capital ($20m + )

• IPO or Trade sale

Page 41: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Financing Financing -- ToolsTools

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 41

• CAP Table

• Returns calculator

Page 42: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

CAP TableCAP Table

23 april 2009 42Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 43: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Returns CalculatorReturns Calculator

23 april 2009 43Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 44: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

ВОПРОСЫ?ВОПРОСЫ?

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 44

Page 45: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

WRAPWRAP--UPUP

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 45

Page 46: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Наблюдения и выводыНаблюдения и выводы

• Start-up - первая фаза жизненного цикла бизнеса

• Заканчивается успехом или (чаще всего) провалом

• Оценка успеха относительна

• Персональные риски велики, но fun тоже ☺

• Market, Team, Product

• Product / Market Fit is key

• Презентация – keep it focused, simple

• Финансирование - не обязательно.

• Различные источники финансирования. Клиент – всегда лучше инвестора.

• Tools:– CAP Table

– Returns calculator

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 46

Page 47: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

“With knowledge “With knowledge

being universally being universally

accessible, there will accessible, there will

be no excuses for be no excuses for

nonnon--performance.”performance.”

Peter Drucker

23 april 2009 47Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 48: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

StartStart--up in 13 up in 13 sentensessentenses

• pick good co-founders

• launch fast

• let your idea evolve

• understand your users

• better to make a few users love you than a

lot ambivalent

• offer surprisingly good customer service

• you make what you measure

• spend little

• get profitable fast

• avoid distractions (raising money is one)

• don't get demoralized

• don't give up

• deals fall through (raise more than you

think you need)

PAUL GRAHAM, YCOMBINATOR

23 april 2009 48Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 49: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

Great quotesGreat quotes

• "Success is the ability to go from one failure to

another with no loss of enthusiasm."• Winston Churchill

• "When you want something, all the universe

conspires in helping you to achieve it."• Paulo Coelho

23 april 2009 49Alexey Patsko - [email protected]

Page 50: Bizspark Masterclass April2009 Apatsko

[email protected]@myvocal.com

Twitter: @patsko

blog.patsko.com

23 april 2009 Alexey Patsko - [email protected] 50