HEALTH HAZARDS OF BIOMEDICAL

WASTE & MANAGEMENT

Presented by:- Vinkit Dhiman (V-013-30-09)

BIO-MEDICAL WASTE ( MANAGEMENT & HANDLING ) RULE, 1998.* Came in to force on 28th July, 1998.* Prescribed by Ministry of Environment & Forests, under the Environment Protection Act of India.* This rule applies to those who generate, collect, receive, store, dispose, treat or

handle bio-medical waste in any manner.

BIO – MEDICAL WASTE COULD BE DEFINED AS

“any solid, fluid or liquid waste, including its container and any

intermediateproduct, which is generated

during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human

beings or animals, in research pertaining thereto,

or in the production or testing of biologicals

and the animal waste from slaughter houses or any other like establishments”.

Why it is essential to have safe & reliable treatment of “Bio-Medical

Waste”-

Bio-Medical Waste may have serious public health

consequences and a significant impact on the environment.

Hazards from infectious waste and sharps-

* Pathogens in infectious waste may enter the human body through a puncture, abrasion or cut in the skin, through mucus membrane by inhalation or ingestion.

OBJECTIVE OF BMW MANAGEMENT

To minimize the production/generation of infective waste.

Recycle the waste after treating to the extent possible.

Treat the waste by safe and environment friendly/acceptable methods.

Adequate care in handling to prevent health-care associated infections.

Safety precautions during handling the bio medical waste.

Cat- 1 Human Anatomical Wastes (human body parts, tissues and organs)

Cat- 2 Animal Anatomical Wastes (Animal tissues, organs, body parts, waste generated by veterinary hospitals, animal houses)

Cat- 3 Microbiology and Biotechnology (specimens of micro-organisms live or attenuated vaccines etc)

Cat- 4 Waste Sharps (needles, syringes, scalpels ,blades, glass etc)

Cat- 5 Discarded medicines and Cytotoxic drugs (outdated, contaminated and discarded medicines)

CLASSIFICATION OF WASTE CATEGORY

Cat- 6 Soiled wastes (items contaminated with blood, body fluids such as cotton, dressings, linen, beddings etc)

Cat- 7 Solid wastes (waste generated from disposable items other than sharps such as tubing, catheters, IV sets)

Cat- 8 Liquid wastes ( washing, cleaning )

Cat- 9 Incineration ash

Cat- 10 Chemical wastes ( disinfectants, insecticides )

COLOR CODING OF BAGS FOR SEGGREGATION OF BMW

COLOR WASTE TREATMENT

Yellow Human & Animal anatomical waste / Micro-biology waste and soiled cotton/dressings/linen/beddings etc.

Incineration / Deep burial

Red Tubings, Catheters, IV sets. Autolaving / Microwaving / Chemical treatment

Blue / White

Waste sharps ( Needles, Syringes, Scalpels, blades etc. )

Autolaving / Microwaving / Chemical treatment & Destruction / Shredding

Black Discarded medicines/cytotoxic drugs,Incineration ash, Chemical waste.

Disposal in secured landfill

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PRINCIPLES OF CONTROL OF HAZARDS OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE IN HEALTH CARE ESTABLISHMENTS

* Each institution should develop its own bio waste management policy and ensure that the health care workers are adequately trained to handle biological waste.*Measures such as universal safety precautions, hand washing and proper segregation of waste material should be encouraged.* Proper house-keeping is essential and the hospital premises should be kept clean and well-ventilated.* Use of disinfectants should be rationalised.

NEED FOR BMW MANAGMENT

Nosocomial infections in patients from poor infection control practices and poor waste management.Risk of air, water and soil pollution directly due to waste, or due to defective incineration emissions and ash.Risk of infection outside hospital for waste handlers and scavengers, other peoples.

CONCLUSION• Individual participation is required.

• Municipality and government should pay importance to disposal of waste economically.

• Thus educating and motivating oneself first is important and then preach others about it.

• Start disposing waste first from within your home, then outside home, then neighborhood ,then your street, your area ,city and then the nation and the world.

• Lets make this world a better place to live in.

Lets make this world a better place to live in.