Biology 152 – Tissues Objectives

Your job in this assignment is to learn 19 tissues that were selected by the Nursing and Allied Health professionals as the most important ones for members of those fields to know. For each assigned tissue, you will want to know: 1) a proper Location for the tissue, and 2) a proper Function for the tissue. Proper is defined as anything that makes that tissue unique from the others! Lastly, I will point out Terms from the tissue by pointing at items on slides during the Practical, so you will want to familiarize yourself with proper definition and locations for those words. To practice, I suggest making study cards (or study sheets) and also to use my online Histology Tutorial (linked on your syllabus or at the bottom of the BIO 152 Homepage). Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue (along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue). Epithelial tissues line the cavities and surfaces of structures throughout the body, and also form many glands. Functions of epithelial cells include secretion, selective absorption, protection, transcellular transport, and detection of sensation. In Greek, "Epi" means, "on, upon," and "Theli" means "tissue." Connective Tissue is a fibrous tissue. It is one of the four traditional classes of tissues (the others being epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue). Connective Tissue (CT) is found throughout the body. It has 3 main components: cells, fibers (reticular fibers, collagen, and elastin), and extracellular matrix. Connective tissue makes up a variety of physical structures including: tendons, blood, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, and lymphatic tissue. CT is classified into four subtypes: Proper CT, Cartilage CT, Osseous CT, and Vascular CT. The Proper CT subtype is subdivided into dense regular fibrous CT and loose fibrous CT types. Muscular Tissue (from Latin musculus; diminutive of mus "mouse") is a contractile tissue of animals and is derived from the embryonic mesodermal layer (along with the skeletal system). Muscle cells contain contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. They are classified as skeletal, cardiac, or smooth muscles. Their function is to produce force and cause motion. Muscles can cause either locomotion of the organism itself or movement of internal organs. Cardiac and smooth muscle contraction occurs without conscious thought and is necessary for survival. Examples are the contraction of the heart and peristalsis which pushes food through the digestive system. Voluntary contraction of the skeletal muscles is used to move the body and can be finely controlled. Examples are movements of the eye, or gross movements like the quadriceps muscle of the thigh. Nervous Tissue is a specialized tissue designed for sensory input, integration, control of muscles and glands, homeostasis, and mental activity. It is the main component of the nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and nerves) that regulates and controls body functions. It is composed of neurons (which transmit impulses called Action Potentials) and the neuroglial cells (which assist propagation of the nerve impulse, repair damage to neurons, and provide nutrients to the neuron). Neurons receive stimuli using dendrites and then move an impulse down an axon to either a muscle or a gland.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Function: Location:

Terms Definitions basement membrane:

cuboidal cell:

Simple Columnar Epithelium Function: Location:

Terms Definitions basement membrane:

cilia: columnar cell:

Simple Squamous Epithelium Function: Location:

Terms Definitions basement membrane:

squamous cell:

Stratified Squamous Keratinized Epithelium

Function: Location:

Terms Definitions basement membrane:

keratin: keratinocyte:

melanin: melanocyte:

squamous cell:

Stratified Squamous Nonkeratinized Epithelium Function: Location:

Terms Definitions basement membrane:

squamous cell:

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Function: Location:

Terms Definitions basement membrane:

cilia: columnar cell:

goblet cell:

Transitional Epithelium Function: Location:

Terms Definitions basement membrane:

cuboidal cell: squamous cell:

Adipose Connective Tissue

Function: Location: Terms Definitions

adipocyte: lipids:

matrix:

Areolar (Loose) Connective Tissue

Function: Location:

Terms Definitions collagen fibers:

elastic fibers: fibroblast:

matrix: reticular fibers:

Dense Regular Fibrous Connective Tissue

Function: Location:

Terms Definitions collagen fibers:

fibroblast: matrix:

Elastic Cartilage (Connective Tissue) Function: Location:

Terms Definitions chondrocyte: elastin fibers:

lacuna: matrix:

Fibrocartilage (Connective Tissue)

Function: Location:

Terms Definitions chondrocyte:

collagen fibers: lacuna: matrix:

Hyaline Cartilage (Connective Tissue) Function: Location:

Terms Definitions chondrocyte:

matrix: reticular fibers:

Osseous Connective Tissue Function: Location:

Terms Definitions canaliculi:

Haversian canal (or Central canal):

lacuna: lamella: matrix:

osteocyte:

Vascular (Blood) Connective Tissue Function: Location: Terms Definitions

erythrocyte: leukocyte:

plasma: thrombocyte:

Cardiac Muscle Tissue Function: Location:

Terms Definitions intercalated discs:

involuntary control: striated:

Skeletal Muscle Tissue Function: Location:

Terms Definitions striated:

voluntary control:

Smooth Muscle Tissue Function: Location:

Terms Definitions involuntary control:

nonstriated:

Nervous Tissue Function: Location:

Terms Definitions axon (a process): dendrite (a process): neuroglial cell: neuron:

On the practical itself, you will be given the following format: Part1:Writethecorrecttermfortheidentifieditemandthenwriteadefinition:

Term Definition1)

2)

Part2:Pleaseprovideafunctionandlocationforthesetissues:

Tissue ProperFunction ProperLocationAdipose

Areolar(loosefibrous)