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BIOH111 [SESSION 5]

Tutorial- CONNECTIVE & EPITHELIAL TISSUES

Learning Outcomes:

1. Identify the types, structure and function of cell junctions involved in tissue

formation.

2. Describe the general features of connective and epithelial tissues.

3. Familiarise with the location, structure and function of connective and

epithelial tissue types.

4. Define and describe membranes.

Activity 1: Watch the video clips below to enhance your understanding of the various types of epithelial cells.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpH0DHHQ2cs 5.34 minutes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0w-FAZc1DCo 5.45 minutes

Activity 2:

Complete the following table. Type of cell junction Structure Function

Anchors cells to basement membrane

Cells are separated by fluid filled tunnels called connexions

Help epithelial surfaces resist separation during contractile activities

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Contain plaque and transmembrane glycoproteins (cadherins) and attaches to intermediate filaments

Tight

Activity 3 – Microscopic examination of epithelial tissues (On campus only; optional) A. Before viewing the slides under the microscopes, please watch this short presentation on

the operation of a light microscope.

How to use a Light Microscope 3.19 minutes http://www.benchfly.com/video/171/how-to-use-a-light-microscope/ B. On-campus students: For all of the slides below, draw what you see down the

microscope and answer the associated questions:

Online students: Please see pictures of the slides and answer the questions

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Small intestine – Slide No. 826

1. Note the position of the nucleus in these cells

2. What type of epithelium does the small intestine have?

3. What are the cells pale in colour are called? What supporting role do they play?

4. What is the function of this type of epithelium?

5. Where else in the body can you find such type of epithelium?

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium – Slide No. 112

1. What is this type of epithelium adapted for?

2. What is the appearance of these epithelial cells?

3. In which tissues can we find such type of epithelium?

Kidney section – Slide No. 1005

1. What is this type of epithelium?

2. What are the hollows surrounded by epithelial cells called?

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Vagina section – Slide No. 1117

1. What type of epithelium does vaginal tissue have?

2. Where else in the body can you find such an epithelium?

3. What is such epithelium adapted for?

Human skin section – Slide No. 220

1. What type of epithelium is shown in this slide?

2. Where else in the body can you find such an epithelium?

3. What is this type of epithelium adapted for?

4. Some cells appear to peel from the outer surface. What are these cells called?

Lung cross section – Slide No. 909

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1. What type of epithelium is shown in this slide?

2. What is this type of epithelium adapted for in this specific case?

3. Which of the previous slides/tissues show a similar epithelium?

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Activity 4: As you are going through the epithelial tissue in the lecture fill in the table:

Function Simple Pseudostratified Stratified

Draw picture:

Squamous Cuboidal Ciliated

columnar

Non ciliated

columnar

Ciliated

columnar

Non ciliated

columnar

Squamous Cuboidal columnar Transitional

Diffusion

Osmosis

Filtration

Secretion

Absorption

Motility

Protection

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Activity 5: Watch the video clip below to enhance your understanding of Connective tissue: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=540Uzh4o2Yw 5.26 minutes

Activity 6. Identify the connective tissue types, and name a location in the body where each

will be found. What features of each connective tissue support its function(s).

Adipose connective tissue • Areolar connective tissue

Reticular connective tissue • Dense regular connective tissue

Hyaline cartilage • Blood

Type:

Location:

Type:

Location:

Type:

Location:

Type:

Location:

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Type:

Location:

Type:

Location:

http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Histology+images+connective+

Activity 7 – Microscopy (On campus only; optional) On –Campus students: For all of the slides below, draw what you see down the microscope and answer the associated questions: Online students: Answer the questions associated with the picture of the slide Human blood - Slide No. 213

1. Identify this tissue type. 2. What is the composition of the extracellular matrix?

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Adipose tissue - Slide No. 216

1. Identify the adipose tissue and the adipocytes, and blood vessels. 2. What is the function of this tissue?

Cardiac myocytes - Slide No. 319

1. Can you identify the cardiac myocytes? 2. Can you see the striations, intercalated disks and nuclei?

Small Intestine - Slide No. 826

1. Name three types of tissue that are visible on this slide.

https://secure.health.utas.edu.au/intranet/cds/cam202/Practicals/02.Practical%202%20-%20Stomach%20and%20Intestines.html

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Bone Marrow - Slide No. 214

1. Name three types of cells that you would expect to find in this tissue 2. Where would you find red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow in an adult?

http://www.histology-

world.com/photoalbum/dis

playimage.php?album=65

&pid=2799

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Activity 8: As you are going through the connective tissue in the lecture fill in the table:

MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE LOOSE DENSE CARTILAGE BONE LIQUID AREOLAR ADIPOSE RETICULAR REGULAR IRREGULAR ELASTIC HYALINE FIBRO-

CARTILAGE ELASTIC BLOOD LYMPH

CELLS

FIBRES

FUNCTION

LOCATION

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Activity 9: Compare and contrast the 4 different types of membranes including structure, location and

function

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Possible final exam questions (Tissue biology):

Define overall function of cell junctions and then name and explain structure and function of

any three (3) junctions.

Name and explain two (2) functions of epithelial tissue and then name and describe any

three (3) covering and lining epithelial tissue types.

List and describe the components of connective tissue and then name and describe

structure and function of any two (2) connective tissue types.

Membranes are flat sheets of pliable tissue that cover or line a parts of the body. These are

mucous, serous, cutaneous and synovial membranes. Describe location, structure and

function of all four (4) membranes.

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Activity 10: (take-home activity). Complete the following crossword on cells and tissues.

ACROSS

1. Cellular extensions found on the apical surface of respiratory epithelium 4. Type of epithelium found lining the bladder. 7. The inner primary germ layer. 9. The cell junction that allows communication between neighbouring cells. 11. The membrane lying immediately beneath epithelial tissue. 13. How many layers of cell is simple epithelia? 14. Type of gland that releases its secretions via exocytosis. 15. One of the functions of epithelium lining the kidney tubules. 17. Type of gland that releases its secretions upon dying. 20. Category of glands in the body that do not empty into ducts. 21. A gland in the body that secretes thyroxine. 22. The outer primary germ layer. 23. The cell junction that resists separation of cells. 24. Name given to flat epithelial cells. DOWN 1. Name given to tall epithelial cells 2. The middle primary germ layer 3. One of the cells that does not remain in place or anchored. 5. The cell junction that holds cells together. 6. Glands in the body that secrete into a duct 8. Cellular extensions found on the apical surface of the small intestines. 9. Mucous secreting cells often found lying next to epithelial cells. 10. One of the functions of epithelium lining the gastrointestinal tract. 12. Name given to multi-layered epithelium. 16. Type of epithelium lining the heart and blood vessels. 18. The outer layer of the skin. 19. Type of epithelia lining the thoracic cavity. 21. The cell junction that provides a waterproof seal.