biofilter plant ecology- research status
DESCRIPTION
Biofilter Plant Ecology- Research Status. PIRE Meeting Jan 25, 2014 Brandon Winfrey. BS = Baccharis salicifolia ( mulefat ) SC = Schoenoplectus californicus (California bulrush) CS = Carex spissa (San Diego sedge) JA = Juncus acutus (spiny rush) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Biofilter Plant Ecology- Research Status
PIRE Meeting Jan 25, 2014Brandon Winfrey
BS = Baccharis salicifolia (mulefat)SC = Schoenoplectus californicus (California bulrush)CS = Carex spissa (San Diego sedge)JA = Juncus acutus (spiny rush)AC = Anemopsis californica (yerba mansa)TL = Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail)EM = Eleocharis macrostachya (common spikerush)
BS SC CS JA AC TL EM
9/23 10/13 11/2 11/22 12/12 1/1 1/21 2/100
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
EM_stem EM_height
Avg
No.
of S
tem
s
Avg.
Ste
m H
t (cm
.)
9/23 10/13 11/2 11/22 12/12 1/1 1/21 2/100
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
BS_stem BS_height
Avg
No.
of S
tem
s
Avg.
Ste
m H
t (cm
.)
9/23 10/13 11/2 11/22 12/12 1/1 1/21 2/1002468
101214161820
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
AC_stem AC_height
Avg
No.
of S
tem
s
Avg.
Ste
m H
t (cm
.)
9/23 10/13 11/2 11/22 12/12 1/1 1/21 2/100
10
20
30
40
50
60
0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0
TL_stem TL_height
Avg
No.
of S
tem
s
Avg.
Ste
m H
t (cm
.)
9/23 10/13 11/2 11/22 12/12 1/1 1/21 2/100
50
100
150
200
250
300
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
CS_stem CS_height
Avg
No.
of S
tem
s
Avg.
Ste
m H
t (cm
.)
9/23 10/13 11/2 11/22 12/12 1/1 1/21 2/100
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
JA_stem JA_height
Avg
No.
of S
tem
s
Avg.
Ste
m H
t (cm
.)
9/23/13 10/13/13 11/2/13 11/22/13 12/12/13 1/1/14 1/21/14 2/10/140
5
10
15
20
25
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
SC_stem SC_height
Avg
No.
of S
tem
s
Avg.
Ste
m H
t (cm
.)
Which Plants Do the Work in a Stormwater Biofilter?
• Functional Diversity– Root morphology and physiology– Growth rate– C:N ratio– Preferential uptake– Drought/Water tolerance– Growth form (rhizomatous, cluster, seed dispersal,
clonal, etc.)• Hypothesis: Greater treatment performance when
functional diversity is higher.
• Carex sp.– C. spissa or C. pansa– Rhizomatous growth – Extensive roots– Medium drought
tolerance– Facultative wetland
species– Widely used in
stormwater biofilters– CA native
• Juncus effusus– Cluster/colony
growth– Shallow, less
extensive roots– High drought
tolerance– Facultative wetland
species– Widely used in
stormwater biofilters– CA native
• Baccharis salicifolia– Dioecious shrub– Deep roots– Low/medium
drought tolerance– Facultative
wetland species– Widely used in
stormwater biofilters
– CA native
B = Baccharis salicifolia C = Carex sp.J = Juncus effusus
BJ
B
B
B
B
C
CC
C
CJ
J
JJ
JJ B
CJC
C
JBControl
Control
Control
JJ
J
JJ
J B
CJ
CC
C BC
C
C
JJ
C
JJ
BJ
J
BJ
J
BB
BB
B
BC
C
CBC
C
Three species- 3 monocultures, 3 dicultures, 1 triculture, 1 control, replicated 3 times.
Species Diversity/Functional Diversity and Treatment Performance
• About 12 studies on constructed wetlands– 2 on biofilters
• Biofilter mesocosms will use specifications from Australian work.
• Treatment performance during simulated storm event.– Test N and P (maybe metals) – Later, possibly pesticides, pathogens, GHGs, and metals.
• Use mesocosms to test colonization by animals and animal seeding experiments