bim and gis for the built environment · agenda • the lab – goals • bim and gis – how they...

BIM and GIS for the Built Environment Lifecycle standard as an integrating framework

Dr Väino Tarandi Professor, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm

Stockholm 2016-05-19

Agenda

• The Lab – goals • BIM and GIS – how they integrate • Integration of actors, processes and information

o Standardization o Collaboration o Concepts, topology and life cycle o Heterogeneous models

• Standards o IFC – buildings, alignment, roads, bridges, …. o PLCS – life cycle support

• Applying PLCS o Import of multiple heterogeneous models o Export of selected parts

• Case studies / experiments • Conclusions

The Lab

Source: Pouryia Parsanezhad, KTH

Sustainable Urban Collaboration Hub - SUCH

Purpose, goals and challenges (Lab)

The main purpose with establishing the BIM Collaboration Lab is to perform advanced research and development on through life support

• The vision of the unbroken information-flow when using BIM and GIS

• open data – i.e. o Computable o Object oriented, structured o Understandable – common concepts! o Standardized – international if possible

BIM (Building Information Model / Modeling) Building Information Modeling (BIM) is defined as a technology to create, communicate and analyse Building Information Models (BIM).

BIM, what is that?

BIM Handbook, second edition, Chuck Eastman, et al., John Wiley (2011)

• Building models contain digital objects representing buildings and infrastructural complexes with related spaces, building elements and components.

• The objects can be associated with computable geometry, spatial information, data attributes and parametric rules.

• The digital objects contain data that describe all relevant characteristics for analyses and work processes needed to perform controls and simulations of the functions and processes of the represented construction entities over their whole lifecycle. (Eastman, et al. 2011, p 16).

Information for a building element

IfcWall: Basiswand:MW 17.5:98046 GUID: 3G_7N62zbD$BUYR_Q8WHAt

Identification (and Classification) Locations

Properties

Geometry Relations

Documents(link)

Why standards? - Rates of Change

Life of CAD System: 10 years

Time between CAD Versions: 6 months

Life of Computer: 3 years

Life of Operating System: 18 months

Life of Product: 70 years + time

3. Our view on Req Mgmt, CM and PLM

Collaboration - Principles

� Single system environment + Configuration management, tracing, etc − High initial cost − No room for best of breed − Impossible to impose in collaboration

� Separate systems joined in point-to-point transfer + Low initial cost for integration + Best of breed system selection − Impossible configuration management, tracing, etc − No information control and assurance − High cost of ownership

� Separate systems joined in via information hub + Configuration management, tracing, etc + Low initial cost + Information control and

assurance also across the EE + Best of breed system selection

Std-format

Std-format

Source: Tarandi, V., 2010, http://www.inpro-project.eu/publications.asp

Building Information Modelling

1 2 3

Data creation Data exchange Data management

0

Object-based Model-based

Network-based

Source: Bilal SUCCAR, Building Information Modelling Framework

Digital Storage - IFC

Building Information Model “open BIM”

(ISO 16739)

Interoperability through standards

Source: buildingSMART, http://www.ifd-library.org

PLCS (ISO 10303-239) CityGML LandXML

Lifecycle + breakdown with topology

Through life support (incl. versioning) [PLCS ISO 10303:239] Product breakdown

[ISO 12006-2]

Life cycle phases

Objectified topological relation (with effectivity)

Common concepts

Ifc, simple ifcXML, LandXML

LandXML

XML….

Ifc, simple ifcXML

Net-work ISO 191xx

based (NVDB, Inspire,

etc.)

Through Life Support - PLCS

XML….

Integration of standards for buildings and infrastructure

InfraGML Alignment

Heterogeneous data models mapped to PLCS

Alignment Road, Railway Bridge

Infr

aGM

L

» ISO 16739:2013 − Building element − Material − Property − Geometry − Placement

Using PLCS and IFC (& more)

» ISO 10303-239 − Change Management − Versioning − Consolidation − Requirement − Product as realized − Maintenance

PLCS IFC

Other domain specific stds - LandXML. CityGML, …

openBIM

» No single software can manage all the necessary information » For information sharing open standards and standardized

interfaces are needed » IFC is today the only available open and international

standard for BIM

IFC2x3 Geometry (explicit)

B-rep CSG

Geometry (Sweep) volume - extrusion, rotation areas - extrusion, rotation

Topology element connectivity, schematic design

Building Elements Walls, Openings, Doors Roofs, Stairs, Ramps, etc.

Spaces and Spatial Structure

Space Building Storey Building Building Site

Relations between Building Elements

Wall Connections Holes Chases Zones

Site and Terrain Model

Site Site attributes

Source: buildingSMART, http://buildingsmart.be.no:8080/buildingsmart.com/organization

Product Life Cycle Support (PLCS) Introduction

»A joint industry and government initiative to accelerate development of new standards for product support information »An international project to produce an approved ISO standard within 4 years

− Commenced November 1999 − PLCS, Inc closed down 2004 − Standard published in 2005

»PLCS will ensure support information is aligned to the evolving product definition over the entire life cycle »PLCS extends ISO 10303 STEP - the STandard for Exchange of Product model data

C O P Y R I G H T E U R O S T E P G R O U P

The PLCS way: PDM core (from STEP) » Notions

− Product: » A “thing”, something to

manage » Product / version / definition

The Product i.e. the thing to manage

Its version(s) The context/view (displipline + life cycle stage)

Product_view_definition

Product_version

Product

Wall 231 v1 “Architecture Design”

v2 “Architecture Design”

“Structural Design”

Ex: The Wall with the identifier 231 has 2 versions v1 and v2. V1 exists in the architure design view, v2 exists in the architecture design and structural design views

C O P Y R I G H T E U R O S T E P G R O U P

The PLCS way: PDM core (from STEP) » Notions

− Assembly / structure / breakdowns − Effectivity controlled

Product_view_definition

Product_version

Product

• Assembly relationships in PLCS are subtypes of view_definition_ relationship. This enable to define assembly in the context of a view.

• In this example, the version v1 of the Wall 231 is nested by the version v2 of the Opening ABC in the “Architecture Design” view

• If we now assign an effectivity on the assembly relationship, we can control the validity of this structure.

• It could be a proposed start date to indicate a proposal.

View_definition_relationship

Wall 231

Opening ABC

“Architecture Design”

“Architecture Design”

Assembly_usage can be classified as

“IfcRelNests” for instance

v1

v2

rela

ting

”par

ent”

Effectivity start_date (end_date)

Dated_effectivity

The PLCS high level model

VIEWER & CHECKER (Solibri Model Checker)

DECISIONS LOGGING & TRACKING

BR

IEFS

&

SPEC

IFIC

ATIO

NS

R 2

R1

R4

R3

Req

Requirement Function Zone Physical

Element System

• R1: Productivity • R2: Low Energy Consumption

• R3: Equipment Energy Consumption • R4: Heating Energy Consumption – 90 [kWh/m2]

Share-A-space (PLCS)


Element System



SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

R 2

R1

R4

R3

Func

F2

F1

F4

F3

Sys

Stru 1

Vent1

Hor 1

Vert 1

Req


• R2: Low Energy Consumption • F3: Ventilation • Vent1: Ventilation system


Element System



CAD CAD

NEUTRAL FORMAT (IFC)

2D

DR

AWIN

GS

R 2

R1

R4

R3

Func

F2

F1

F4

F3

Sys

Stru 1

Vent1

Hor 1

Vert 1

Build A

Floor A:2

Floor A:1

Room 1

Wall 2

Wall 1

Slab 2

Slab 1

Door 1

Req Proj 1 Walls

Slabs

Type


• Building A: Import of Arch early design • Slabs: Import of Structural early design


Element System



CAD CAD

NEUTRAL FORMAT (IFC)

2D

DR

AWIN

GS

R 2

R1

R4

R3

Func

F2

F1

F4

F3

Sys

Stru 1

Vent1

Hor 1

Vert 1

Build A

Floor A:2

Floor A:1

Room 1

Wall 2

Wall 1

Slab 2

Slab 1

Door 1

Req Proj 1 Walls

Slabs

Type


CONSTRUC- TION & FM

Individual

IFC

++

DO

CU

MEN

TS


Element System



R 2

R1

R4

R3

Func

F2

F1

F4

F3

Sys

Stru 1

Vent1

Hor 1

Vert 1

Build A

Floor A:2

Floor A:1

Room 1

Wall 2

Wall 1

Slab 2

Slab 1

Door 1

Req Proj 1

Slabs

Type


Individual

LINKING REQUIREMENTS TO DESIGN

• Linking R4: Heating Energy Consumption – 90 [kWh/m2] to Room 1

Walls


Element System



R 2

R1

R4

R3

Func

F2

F1

F4

F3

Sys

Stru 1

Vent1

Hor 1

Vert 1

Build A

Floor A:2

Floor A:1

Room 1

Wall 2

Wall 1

Slab 2

Slab 1

Door 1

Req Proj 1 Walls

Slabs

Type


Individual

SIMULATIONS • Climate and Energy simulation

Energy= 87


Element System



R 2

R1

R4

R3

Func

F2

F1

F4

F3

Sys

Stru 1

Vent1

Hor 1

Vert 1

Build A

Floor A:2

Floor A:1

Room 1

Wall 2

Wall 1

Slab 2

Slab 1

Door 1

Req Proj 1 Walls

Slabs

Type


Individual

VALIDATION • R4: Heating Energy Consumption – 90 [kWh/m2]

Energy= 87

Mapping of instances of data model X to PLCS and linking them to existing structure

Standardized interfaces

Train

Mate Train

Mate System B System A System C System D System X System E

Business processes

Information systems

Information modells

Information BIM Coll Hub data

Document

Mgmt System

BIM Collaboration Hub

Reference

database

Portal

City Block Building Room Road .....

Case studies / experiments

• The BIM Collaboration Hub is now built to support collaboration research based on both input from academia and industry.

• Experiments will be used to simulate a situation where organizations collaborate with integrated lifecycle support.

• First tests of experiments have been carried out

IFC

IFC

LandXML

LandXML

Swedish Road and

Railroad Network std

Swedish network std

All geometry mapped to IFC/STEP-std

Solibri Model Checker

Detailed Designed Building Roof Version 1

Detailed Designed Building Roof Version 2

Planned construction

Klick on figure for video

Master Thesis 2015 - Eskilstuna

From the Municipality

Analyses

Teknisk analys » Hur kommuner kan effektivisera detaljplaneprocessen med

hjälp av Share-A-space och integrerad information » Fördelar med att kunna se hur området förändras över tid

Social analys » Underlätta social analyser i kommunal planering genom att

integrera information i Share-A-Space och göra kopplingar som i ett tidigare skede indikerar eventuella risker och kritiska aspekter.

The Munktell city

Links and nodes

Structures in the city

Extra material – a short animation

Klick on figure for video

Conclusion

• These slides present the functionalities of the recently developed BIM Collaboration Lab at KTH

• It proposes a collaboration model for sustainable information practices

• The whole built environment will be in the scope of the lab research, and use cases / experiments supporting new processes will be identified.

Thank you!

For more information: [email protected]

[email protected]