bill g. kelm - july 21, 2006 searching intelligently: it’s no longer a nightmare oregon library...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
224 views
TRANSCRIPT
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Searching Intelligently:Searching Intelligently: It’s No Longer a Nightmare It’s No Longer a Nightmare
Oregon Library Support Staff Division Gateways 2006 Conference
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Today’s Goals – To LearnToday’s Goals – To Learn
How is the web indexed?– Google in particular.
Which tool to use?– Search engines, directories, hidden web,
listservs and online discussion groups.Drawbacks and advantages of the Web.Browser tips and research power tools.Horizontal searching.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
How Search Engines WorkHow Search Engines Work
1. Discovery and Database
2. User Search
3. Presentation and Ranking
Source: http://www.webreference.com/content/search/
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Google BackgroundGoogle Background“Google's mission is to organize the world's
information and make it universally accessible and useful.”
Google's founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin developed Google in a Stanford University dorm room and it is currently the world's largest search engine.
Source: http://www.google.com/corporate/
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Google’s Discovery and Google’s Discovery and DatabaseDatabase
Google has programs called spiders (a.k.a. Google bots) constantly searching the web for new or updated web pages.
When a spider finds a new or updated page, it reads that entire page, reports back to Google, and then visits all of the other pages to which that new page links.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Google’s CacheGoogle’s CacheWhen the spider reports back to Google, it
doesn’t just tell Google the new or updated page’s URL.
The spider also sends Google a complete copy of the entire Web page – HTML, text, images, etc.
Google then adds that page and all of its content to Google’s cache.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
How Google WorksHow Google WorksWhen you search for multiple keywords,
Google first searches for all of your keywords as a phrase.
So, if your keywords are baseball spring training, any pages on which those words appear as a phrase receive a score of X.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Google – Adjacency Google – Adjacency Google then measures the adjacency
between your keywords and gives those pages a score of Y.
A page with “baseball spring training” next to each other gets a higher score than one with “baseball” and then “spring training” farther down the page.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Google - WeightsGoogle - WeightsThen, Google measures the number of times
your keywords appear on the page (the keywords’ “weights”) and gives those pages a score of Z.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Presentation & RankingPresentation & Ranking Google takes
– The phrase hits (the Xs), – The adjacency hits (the Ys), – The weights hits (the Zs), and – About 100 other secret variables
Throws out everything but the top 2,000 Multiplies each remaining page’s individual score
by it’s “PageRank” And, finally, displays the top 1,000 in order.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Google – PageRank?Google – PageRank?There is a premise in higher education that
the importance of a research article can be judged by the number of citations to it from subsequent articles in the same field.
Google applies this premise to the Web: the importance of a Web page can be judged by the number of hyperlinks pointing to it from other pages.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Google Advanced & TricksGoogle Advanced & Tricks
CalculatorDefine~, +, -Advanced SearchingFinding Information on the Internet a
Tutorial
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
My Favorite Quote:My Favorite Quote:“Focus on users and their tasks, not the
technology.” – Jeff Johnson
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
When Searching the Web:When Searching the Web:
“Focus on your query, not the technology.”
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Four tools:Four tools:1. Search Engines
2. Directories
3. Invisible Web (Deep Web)
4. Listservs and Online Discussion Groups
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
When to use a Search Engine:When to use a Search Engine:
You are looking for the “Society of American Registered Architects.”
You have a specific phrase or unique keyword.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Which Search Engines are UsedWhich Search Engines are Used
Can you guess what percentage of people use the various search engines available?
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Share of Searches 2005Share of Searches 2005
Source: http://searchenginewatch.com/reports/article.php/2156451
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Rating Search EnginesRating Search EnginesSearch Engine Watch
Search Engine Showdown
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Problems With Search Engines:Problems With Search Engines:
Speed response eliminates some documentsBias toward textUser expectation and skillsCosts of crawlingMetasearch engine: jux2
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
When to Use a Directory:When to Use a Directory:
“I’m looking for sites on American Architecture.”
Broad categoryEarly in your researchOpposing viewpoints
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Sample DirectoriesSample DirectoriesGoogle DirectoryInternet Scout ProjectInternet Resources Columns
Targeted Directories: Classics Resources
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Problems With Directories:Problems With Directories:
SmallEditorial policiesTimelinessCharging for listing
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Hidden/Invisible WebHidden/Invisible WebSearchable databasesExcluded pages
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
When to use the Invisible Web:When to use the Invisible Web:
“I’m looking for a list of architects in Baltimore.”
“I need a specific statistic on the death rate of women with heart disease in 2002.”
“I’m looking for information on a plane crash in Salem, OR in 1979.”
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
How to Find the Hidden WebHow to Find the Hidden Web
Google:– Databases + your topic
Searching general web directories– Librarians Index– Infomine
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
When to use a Listserv?When to use a Listserv?
“If I’m looking for an opinion on a particular topic.”
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
How to Find a Listserv:How to Find a Listserv:Tile.netGoogle: “topic” and listservGoogle Groups
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Browser Tips & ToolsBrowser Tips & ToolsBookmarks (personal toolbars)HistoryConQuery (search plugins)
– Journal Title List– Creative Commons– Open WorldCat via Google
BookmarkletsTabs, Tabs, Tabs
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal SearchingHorizontal SearchingUse the web in conjunction with library
catalogs and databases.Search the Web for titles of articles.Locate more bibliographies that can be
incorporated into new searches for books, journal articles, etc.
Search for authors from books and articles.
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal Searching:Horizontal Searching:Search a Library Database Search a Library Database
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal Searching:Horizontal Searching:Search title of article on the WebSearch title of article on the Web
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal Searching:Horizontal Searching:Follow citations from Web siteFollow citations from Web site
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal Searching:Horizontal Searching:Search Book Title in the Library CatalogSearch Book Title in the Library Catalog
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal Searching:Horizontal Searching:Follow subject headings from articleFollow subject headings from article
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal Searching:Horizontal Searching:Follow cited references / and searchFollow cited references / and search
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal Searching:Horizontal Searching:Organization Web sites and Official ReportsOrganization Web sites and Official Reports
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Horizontal Searching:Horizontal Searching:Contact actual researchers on the topicContact actual researchers on the topic
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
Wrap Up:Wrap Up: Know how the web is indexed and collected. Choose the correct tool for your question. Realize more than one tool may be needed. Carefully evaluate whatever you find on the Web. Think horizontally in searching: library databases,
Web, bibliography, Web, library catalog, Web, reference book, Web…
Bill G. Kelm - July 21, 2006
BibliographyBibliography Cohen Laura (2001) 10 tips for teaching how to
surf the Web. American Libraries, 32, 44-46.
Sherman, C., Price, G. (2001). The Invisible Web: Uncovering Information Sources Search Engines Can't See. Medford, N.J.: Information Today, Inc.
Dale Vidmar’s: Horizontal Searching Linda Goff’s: Googling to the Max