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Bibliography
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Index
abstractions 193, 201–202active information 35, 169–170
as a bridge between the mentaland the physical 36, 39, 184
as information for a system 35see also information and informa-
tion contentamplification of quantum effects in
the retina 36analogies, the importance of 55Aristotle 37–38, 49, 75, 87, 134artificial mind 142aspect monism 37, 39, 90
see also neutral monismatomism
as the architecture of reality 11,26–27
as not fitting with 20th centuryphysics 229
attention, movement of 231–232awareness 240
of change 208of endurance 208of movement 131
back-action in quantum theory 37,234–235
behaviorism 95, 98Biederman, C. 47–48big bang 82–83Blake, W. 19, 46
body, as a projection of a higher-dimensional ground 142–144
Bohm, D. 2, 12–13as a scientific realist 13–14, 18Bohr’s influence upon 13–14Einstein’s influence upon 13–15his attitude to metaphysics
152–155his contributions to mainstream
physics 13his view of Kant 129his description of his work 43–44his epistemic views 18his relation to objective idealism
234sociological studies of 13tension between realism and
antirealism in his view136–137
Bohr, N. 2, 13his interpretation of quantum
theory 13–14, 33, 173bosons 174Broad, C. D. 209–210, 222
Cartesian coordinates 50causality
in Bohm’s mind–matter theory195, 235
mechanistic view of 68teleological 64, 68
264 Index
causality contdunderstood as a certain order of
moments 150used to explain the relationship
between mind and matter194–195
Chalmers, D. 10, 113, 237, 239–244change 122, 125–126classical physics
limits of 4ink-in-fluid model of 72its relation to quantum physics
16, 172–173co-consciousness 212–213, 215,
217, 224cognitive neuroscience and the
implicate order 116–117cognition, as movement toward
coherence 154–155cognitive science, its mechanistic
view of human beings 22communication of order 50conceivability 56–58
and possibility 58conceptual comprehension 112configuration space 171conscious experience
as radically holistic 226involving flow in a particular
direction 208, 223its transitory aspects 130–133
consciousnessand quantum non-locality
142–144as analogous to a virtual reality
130, 159, 181as causal effect of neural processes
98, 194–195as difficult to reduce to matter
4–5deeper nature of 146–147explanation of 206–207, 214–215,
238–239hard problem of 6–7, 237–246higher-order theories of 245
its relation to matter 140–144neural theories of 5–6phenomenal structure of 9,
205–206puzzling aspects of 205stream of 27, 143, 207unconscious background of
146–147understood in terms of a series of
moments 125–127, 218–221consciousness studies 28, 109, 205cosmology 79–84creativity
as a fundamental feature of reality151–152
in evolution 152
Dainton, B. 206–218, 221–227de Broglie, L. 2de Witt, B. 2Dehmelt, H. 170Dennett, D. 7, 27, 182Descartes, R. 75, 93–94, 100–104,
158, 184, 201determinism 17
as a statistical average of chancefluctuations at a deeper level17
understood in terms of theimplicate order 150–151
developmental psychology 131Dewdney, C. 167dialogue, Bohm’s experiments with
45, 197–198differential calculus, its difficulties in
describing motion 119–120DNA molecule 35, 82, 85, 170, 184dreams
providing evidence for theconstructive nature of con-sciousness 130
Globus’ view of 130dualism 93–94dynamical approach to cognition, its
limits 120
Index 265
dynamical systems theory 37
Einstein, A. 13–15, 125his unified field theory 52
electronas a movement of incoming and
outgoing waves 14–15, 26,47, 179
ink-in-fluid model of 70–72possible inner structure of 170radar wave analogy of 33–34wave properties of 164
elementary particlesdifficulties with notion of 2–3,
55in Bohm’s scheme 177
eliminative materialism 97–99,202–203
emergence 7, 25–26of consciousness from matter 95,
141–142,emergent materialism 95, 98, 194endurance 26
of phenomenal contents 213,215–216, 223–225
enfoldment 19–23and living beings 84–88as a kind of existence 28, 121exemplified by holography 57exemplified by the ink-in-fluid
analogy 60–63in consciousness 104–117preservation of order in 111–112status of 74see also implicate order
Everett, H. 2evolution 151–152
role of creative projection in 152role of emergence in 194
explicate order 23–24, 46as a particular case of a more
general set of implicate orders69–70
as contained within the implicateorder 180
as the order present to the senses127
in conscious experience 24, 27,103
its origin understood in terms ofquantum field theory 171
fallibilism 155ffermions 174Feyerabend, P. 132first-person perspective 108–109form, activity of 183fragmentation 132freedom 126Freud, S. 146functionalism
in biology 87in philosophy of mind 7, 96, 100,
104fundamental length 48fundamental level, no need to assume
the existence of 17, 91, 149,191–192
Galileo, G. 21, 49Gibson, J. 130Globus, G.
his view of dreams 130on consciousness as a virtual
reality 130
Hanson, N. 132Heisenberg, W. 165Heraclitus 24, 37Hiley, B. 17, 25, 160, 167hologram 57–58holographic theory of neural memory
106–108holomovement 24–25
as a metaphysical concept 60as a movement in which a total
ordering prevails 231involving an immense “sea” of
energy 81–82law in 63–64, 66–68, 88–92
266 Index
holonomy 64, 68Husserl, E. 9, 109, 210
identifiability 63identity 63
between mind and matter 96immanent flow 213implicate order 15, 17–29, 57–60;
and computational models126–127
and consciousness 99–117and determinism 126, 151and living beings 84–88as co-presence of elements at
different degrees of enfoldment71, 111, 115, 219
as mode of being 65, 85–86basic idea of 19–20direct perception of 113illustrated by hologram 57–58in auditory experience 114,
217–225in conscious experience 27–28,
99–117in visual experience 114–116its relation to traditional notion of
substance 75mathematically described in terms
of algebra 66problems with 28–29, 158–159see also enfoldment
indeterminacy principle of quantumtheory 135, 165
indeterminism 17, 150infinity 79, 180information 19–22
double aspect theory of 241ubiquity of 243–244vehicle of 183see also active information,
information contentinformation content
as non-mechanistic 183as actually active 186as potentially active 186
see also active information,information
instrumentalism 97, 99intelligence 186–187
as collective 199interference 163ink-in-fluid analogy 60–76
limits of 158–159
Kaila, E. 125Kallio-Tamminen, T. 33Kant, I. 9, 205, 238
and the holographic theory ofneural memory 107–108
relation to Bohm 128–129Kim, J. 233Kripke, S. 239Krishnamurti, J. 199Kuhn, T. 132
Lappi, O. 193laws of physics 8
as causally closed 233, 239, 242as inherent in a context 67as relationships between enfolded
structures 75in the holomovement 88–92see also necessity
Leibniz, G. v. 19, 92, 134, 137, 144,236
his analogy of the mill 6–7, 10,237
lens 56–58levels
hierarchy of 29, 187–190,234–236
manifest and subtle 29–32,187–190, 195, 234–236
lifeas irreducible to inanimate matter
87–88mechanistic view of 182principle of 87–88
Lovelock, J. 198
macroscopic quantum effects 173
Index 267
Maxwell, J. 10, 49matter
as an aspect of the holomovement90
as a manifest level 30, 190understood in terms of a hierar-
chy of levels of information188–189
meaningas significance 29causal powers of 29–31see also information content
mechanistic ordercontrolling our attempts to be free
from it 55definition of 51difficult to give up 54
media, metaphysical function of139
memory 106–108, 110, 129, 131,209, 218
metaphysical significance of 137mental causation 8, 30–32, 35–38,
189–190, 232–236, 242–243metaphysics 93
as a study of being qua being153
social implications of 45the role of space in 79–80
Metzinger, T. 130mind
as a projection of a higher-dimensional ground 142–144
as a subtle level 30, 190its place in nature 11;
mind–body problem 93–99mind–brain identity theory 96,
98–99, 226moment
as basic element of reality134–138
as having a weak ontological status137
of consciousness 125–127parasitic quality of 139
motion, discontinuity of 50, 52–53,71
movementas fundamental 24–25, 60,
65–66, 229–232illusion of 115in a living being 232its mathematical description 66of a symphony 230
multi-level explanation 225–226multiple realizability 96music, experience of listening to 9,
28, 109–114, 206–225
Nagel, T. 99on panpsychism 141–142, 203,
232naturalism
holistic 238mechanistic 7, 27, 182, 238
necessityas inherent to a context 91–92illustrated by the ink-in-fluid
device 63–64, 67–68operating within a sub–totality
88–92neutral monism 37, 99
see also aspect monismNewton, I. 10, 21, 49non-conceptual comprehension
112–113non-locality 23, 34, 52–53, 76–79
as a non-causal connection78–79
illustrated by analogies 77–79in the ontological interpretation
169–170its possible role in the functioning
of the brain 235–236Noordhof, P. 203–204
ontological interpretation of quan-tum theory 15–17, 32–34,160–180
Fermi fields in 174–175, 177, 180
268 Index
ontological interpretation of quantumtheory contd
its explanation of the two-slitexperiment 162–169
its relation to other interpretations161–162
ontology 93order 47–50
as intrinsically implicate 69–70as active 113–114Bohm’s early ideas on 47–49in movement 58–59of a musical composition 49of separate points as fundamental
76pervasiveness of our notions of
54simple cases of 69
panprotopsychism 38, 190panpsychism 141–142, 190,
203–204participation 38, 190–191, 195,
198, 202and measurement at the quantum
level 195–196as a relationship between the
mental and the physical 196particle
difficulties with the notion of 25,52
and rapid recurrence of similarforms 71
Penrose, R. 187perception
analogous to electrons in a crystal80–81
as biased 132as involving construction 128–
130of a new order 50
phenomenal bonding 209, 212phenomenal contents
as actively transforming 221
as intrinsically conscious 212,216–217, 223
as possessing inherently dy-namic and directed character213–217, 223–225
phenomenal temporalitya Bohmian model of 217–225pulse theory of 209memory-based accounts of 209simple overlap theory of 211–214the awareness-overlap model of
209–210two-dimensional model of 210–
211, 218, 220Philippidis, C. 167philosophy of mind 99, 192,
195–196, 202, 238, 245as dismissive of Descartes 101its commitment to classical physics
28photon, in the ontological interpreta-
tion 160, 176physicalism 3, 102, 192, 237
difficulties in grounding it inphysics 54
physicsconceptual confusion in 2–3its influence upon theories of mind
8philosophical importance of 51
Piaget, J. 130–131Planck time 71, 166potentiality 24, 26, 44pre-space 159presentedness 210Pribram, K. 106, 129, 181process 230–231process philosophy 24, 37projection
as creative 151–152of a higher-dimensional reality
78–79, 81–82, 142–145, 148–152properties, intrinsic vs. observer-
relative 136–137Pylkko, P. 133
Index 269
Poppel, E. 216, 224
quantum field theory 20, 80as difficult to understand 175ontological interpretation of
174–180quantum fields, as being essentially
in movement 25quantum jump 50quantum potential
as containing information169–171
form-dependence of 35–36,166–167
mathematical expression of 166quantum theory
interpretation of 1–2, 14–15,161–162
its challenge to mechanistic order52–53
its relation to classical physics172–173
its relation to relativity 53–54
randomness understood as a certainorder of moments 150
realityas movement 121–122as multidimensional 81
reciprocal relationships 192–193recurrence 26reduction of mind to matter 4–5,
98, 191–193, 201–202, 226relations
external 23, 51, 195internal 22, 195
relative autonomy of sub-totalities79, 84
relativity 25, 52general theory of 125
Revonsuo, A. 130, 206–207,214–215, 225–227
Ruhnau, E. 216, 224Russell, B. 37, 118, 134, 138
Sarfatti, J. 37, 234
Searle, J. 98, 194–195self-organization 180
in the mind 186set theory, as logical reflection of
mechanistic order 66social holism 145soma-significance 29–32space
as an order of extension andseparation 100–101
as empty 80as full 80–84
space-time 203–204as a discrete structural process
48–49specious present 208, 210, 212,
216, 223Spinoza, B. 37, 94–95, 99, 134substance 93–94; activity of 183super-quantum potential 175–179
its non-linear features 176its non-local features 176its relevance to the mind–matter
relation 188–190superconductivity 171–172supervenience
and the holomovement 192of consciousness upon physical
processes 98, 195, 239–240
theories, as tools 157third-person perspective 108–109thing as real in its context 193thought
understood in terms of theimplicate order 123–127
its constructive role in experience128–130
its essentially collective nature198–199
time 147–152as a particular order 148–149as a projection of multidimen-
sional reality into a sequence ofmoments 150–151
270 Index
time contdrelativity of 147–148usual view of 119
time consciousness 205–227paradox of 9as understood in terms of the
implicate order 27–28,109–117, 217–225
token identity theory 96, 98, 100,104
totality 91–92, 193truth 153–155;
as part of what is 154–155twin paradox 149two-slit experiment 162–169type identity theory 96, 98, 100
Van Gulick, R. 6, 9, 205Velmans, M. 130Von Neumann, J. 2
wave–particle duality 23, 52–53and the ink-in-fluid model 73
explained by the ontologicalinterpretation 162–169
Wheeler, J. 241Whitehead, A. 24, 37
relation to Bohm’s views 137–138
wholenessat the quantum level 23, 181–182primacy of 11, 45–46of conscious experience 226
Wilkins, M. 198Wittgenstein, L. 55world view
as essential for harmony 44implications to specific studies
157–158social implications of 44–45,
197–198
Zeno’s paradox concerning motion117–123
zero-point energy 80