bibliography draft 4

7/30/2019 Bibliography Draft 4

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Bibliography

Primary Sources

Almost Completed Malden Center Station. Photograph. Malden, MA. The Building

of a Transit Line, 1971 43. Print.

This photograph shows the nearly completed commuter rail platform for the Malden

Central Station from the early 1970s. We had used this photograph in our

Commuter Rail page.

Along the Silver Line to the Airport at South Station. Photograph. Boston.

Boston.com. Boston Globe, 2012. Web. 11 Feb. 2013.

.

The photograph was taken during rush hour at the South Station. More security guards

were sent to make sure everything goes as it should because there were many

people crowding the stop.

Blue Line Trial Run. 1904. Photograph. Boston. Boston's Blue Line. Portsmouth,

NH: Arcadia, 2003. Print.

This is a photograph of the Blue Line streetcar in a trial run a month and a half before its

release to the public.


2/20

Boston Area Steam Railroad Lines in 1907. 1907. Photograph. Boston. Boston's

Commuter Rail: The First Fifty Years. Cambridge, MA: Boston Street

Railway Association. 109. Print.

This is the map of the railroad lines for the commuter rail in 1907.

The Boston Daily Globe. "First Car Off The Earth: Allston Electric Goes Into The

Subway Schedulte Time." The Boston Daily Globe 1 Sept. 1897: 1-7.

WayBack Machine. Boston Globe, 29 Aug. 2005. Web. 29 Nov. 2012.

.

From reading and analyzing this article, we learned about the first subway car to hit the

rails. The first subway passenger car was in Allston, a neighborhood in Boston,

Massachusetts. The conductor of the first car was Gilman T. Trufant. There were

over 100 people inside the first car going from Boylston Street to Park Street.

Each car was created to hold 90 people while in some instances, the cars held

nearly 150 people. The cars in the subway line were about 45 seconds apart from

each other. There were 300 people waiting in Park Street to ride in the subway.

"Boston Decides Boston and Eastern Terminal." The Boston Globe 16 Feb. 1912.

Print.

This source had routes for the Blue Line had been released to the public. It was to go

from Beverly and Danvers to Post Office Square in Boston.


3/20

"Business Is Affected." The Boston Globe 19 May 1896. Print.

Many people did not like the idea of having a subway station at Tremont Street. They

stated that it would be more difficult to sleep at night and that they would start to

lose money. They had protested against the MTA, but the MTA went through

with making Tremont Street a subway stop,

Canopy and Platform for Sullivan Square Station. Photograph. Charlestown. The

Building of a Transit Line. 25. Print.

This photograph depicts the construction of the Sullivan Square platform that we used in

our Orange Line Haymarket-North extension photograph gallery.

Cars Now Running in the Subway. 1897. The Boston Globe, Boston, MA. The

Boston Daily Globe. Boston: Boston Globe, 1897. 1. Print.

This is a drawing that was featured on the front page of The Boston Daily Globe on

September 1, 1897. The front page declares "Cars now running in the subway".

We used this for the front page of our website.


4/20

Charles Street Station. 1933. Photograph. Boston. Boston.com. The Boston Globe,

2012. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.

.

This is an image of the Charles Street Subway station for the Red Line subway. There

were many conflicts over whether there should be five stops or one between

Harvard Square and the Charles River.

Chronicle Transit. Photograph. Boston. MBTA. Massachusetts Bay Transportation

Authority. Web. 19 Feb. 2013. .

This is a photograph of the horse car that was used, before streetcars, to bring people

around Boston. We used this photograph in our history page.

Completed North Station. 1972. Photograph. Boston. The Building of a Transit

Line. 8. Print.

This is a photograph of the completed Haymarket-North Station that we used in our

Orange Line page.


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Conductor Gilman T. Trufant. 1897. The Boston Globe, Boston, Ma. The Boston

Globe. Print.

This is a drawing of Gilman T. Trufant, the conductor of the first subway car in the

Boston Rapid Transit System. We used this drawing alongside a drawing of

James Reed, the motorman who ran the first subway car in the Rapid Transit

System.

Construction Under Haverhill Street. 1971. Photograph. Boston. The Building of a

Transit Line. 12. Print.

This is a photograph taken during construction of the Orange Line Haymarket-North

station.

Electrification. 1891. Photograph. Boston. MBTA. Massachusetts Bay

Tranportation Authority. Web. 19 Feb. 2013.

.

This is a photograph of one of the first electric streetcars to be put on the streets.

Elevated Structure Above Sullivan Square Station. Photograph. Charlestown. The

Building of a Transit Line. 1971 25. Print.

The photograph depicts the impact the elevated highway had on the Orange Line Sullivan

Square Station.


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Green Line. 2012. Photograph. Boston. CBS Boston. 12 Apr. 2012. Web. 18 Feb.

2013. .

This is a photograph of a modern-day Green Line train.

Green Line Kiosk. 1897. Photograph. Boston. Boston.com. The Boston Globe, 2012.

Web. 17 Feb. 2013. .

This is a photograph of the exterior of a Green Line Station.

Green Line Streetcar. 1905. Photograph. Boston. Dateline: Boston 1905. Blogger, 21

Aug. 2010. Web. 18 Feb. 2013.

.

This is a photograph of a Green Line streetcar from the early 1900's

Green Line Streetcar. Photograph. Boston. Boston.com. The Boston Globe, 2012.

Web. 17 Feb. 2013.


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Green Line Tunnel. Photograph. Boston. Boston.com. The Boston Globe, 2012.

Web. 17 Feb. 2013. .

This is a photograph of the tunnel used for the Green Line.

Haymarket North Rapid Transit Extension. 1971. Photograph. Boston. The

Building of a Transit Line. Print.

This is the map for the completed Haymarket-North Station extension for the Orange

Line.

Locomotives. 1964. Photograph. Boston. Boston's Commuter Rail: The First 150

Years. Cambridge, MA: Boston Street Railway Association. Print.

This is a photograph of a locomotive re-built by the MBTA.

Map Of Boston. 1895. Photograph. Boston. Boston's Blue Line. Portsmouth, New

Hampshire: Arcadia. 2. Print.

This is a map of Downtown Boston from 1895. It shows the planned-but-never-used Blue

Line tunnel connecting East Boston to Downtown Boston.


8/20

Motorman James Reed. 1897. The Boston Globe, Boston. The Boston Globe. Print.

This is a drawing of James Reed, the motorman who ran the first subway car into the

Boston Rapid Transit System. We used this drawing along with a drawing of

Gilman T. Trufant, the conducter in charge of the first subway car.

North Station. 1966. Photograph. Boston. The Building of a Transit Line. 6. Print.

This is a photograph of the construction of the Haymarket-North Station extension of the

subway system.

Old Adams Square Station Kiosk. Green Line Historic Images, Boston. Celebrate

Boston. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.

We used this picture of the Old Adams Square Station Kiosk on our website.

Old Scollay Square Station Kiosk. Green Line Historic Images, Boston. Celebrate

Boston. Web. 1 Jan. 2013. .

This was how the Scollary Square Subway Station had looked in 1898 when it was built.


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Park Street Station. 1900. Photograph. Boston. MassMoments. MassHumanities.

Web. 10 Feb. 2013. .

This is a photograph of the Park Street subway station. It states the different areas and

streets of the subway system such as Harvard Square and Pearl Street.

Park Street Subway Station. 1897. Photograph. Boston. City Walking Guide. Web. 1

Jan. 2013.

This is a photograph of one of the first subway stations that was created in the United

States. We used this photograph in our further advancement of the subway page.

Rail Lines. 1970. Photograph. Charlestown. The Building of a Transit Line. 28.

Print.

This photograph shows active rail lines which were vital to the construction of the

Haymarket-North Station. These rail lines were north of the Sullivan Square

Station.

Red Line Kiosk. 1912. Photograph. Cambridge. Boston.com. The Boston Globe,

2012. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.

.

This is a photograph of how the Harvard Square Kiosk looked. The kiosk was the type of

design that was used for the train stations.


10/20

Red Line Subway. 1912. Photograph. Cambridge. Boston.com. The Boston Globe,

2012. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.

.

This is a photograph taken of the Red Line subway car three days before it was released

to the public.

Sullivan Square Station. 1973. Photograph. The Building of a Transit Line. 24.

Print.

The photograph shows the Sullivan Square Station being created under a highway

structure (I-93).

Tracks between Community College and Sullivan Square. Photograph.

Charlestown. The Building of a Transit Line. 23. Print.

This photograph depicts the tracks that were created to connect the Orange Line to

Sullivan Square.


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Travelers Boarding a Silver Line Bus. 2012. Photograph. Boston. Boston.com.

Boston Globe, 2012. Web. 16 Feb. 2013.

.

This is a photograph of travelers boarding a modern-day Silver Line hybrid. We used this

photograph in our Silver Line page.

Trolley Cars near Boston Commons. Photograph. Boston. American Business. 2011.

Web. 5 Feb. 2013. .

From this website, we used a photograph that portrays the amount of traffic there was in

Boston before the subway was implemented.

Tunnel Section beneath Haverhill Street. Photograph. Boston. The Building of a

Transit Line. 11. Print.

This is a photograph of how the subway tunnels looked with the Haymarket Subway

station in the background.

Typical 19th Century Locomotive. Photograph. Boston. Boston's Commuter Rail:

The First 150 Years. Cambridge, MA: Boston Street Railway Association. 9.

Print.

This is a photograph of a late 19th century locomotive.


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Secondary Sources

Allston Subway Opening. 1897. Drawing. Boston. Web.archive.org.

WayBackMachine. Web. 11 Feb. 2013.

.

This is a drawing of how the opening of the subway in Allston, Boston had looked like on

September 1, 1897.

Cheney, Frank. Boston's Blue Line. Portsmouth, NH: Arcadia, 2003. Print.

We learned more about the Blue Lines origins from reading this book and the many

different events that had occurred during the time. There were many plans that

were abandoned while working on the Blue Line such as the Blue Line tunnel

which was supposed to connect East Boston with Downtown Boston. All of the

passengers had to pay an extra one cent when leaving the train station to earn

back money lost from the ferries.

Cheney, Frank. Boston's Red Line: Bridging the Charles from Alewife to Braintree.

Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2002. Print.

We learned a huge amount of information about the Red Line which we put into out Red

Line page. The Red Line was picked to be red because Cambridge was known as

the Crimson City. The Red Line shortened the time of a trip to Boston from 25

minutes in a trolley to 8 minutes inside of the red line. The Red Line was given its

well-known name in 1964.


13/20

Cudahy, Brian J. Change at Park Street Under; the Story of Boston's Subways.

Brattleboro, VT: S. Greene, 1972. Print.

We had learned about the subways background information. During the time, cable cars

were very expensive to make. The subway from Park Street to Tremont Street

cost $5 million. Each of the stations had a kiosk design which made them look

very displeasing. It soon was replaced with a new, more comfortable design. The

first streetcar in the subway was Number 1752. It was open-bench and had four

wheels. The subway indeed did what it was made to do. It had cleared up most of

the traffic near Tremont Street with most of the travelers underground. The steel

cars were introduced in 1907.

Humphrey, Thomas J., and Norton D. Clark. Boston's Commuter Rail: The First

150 Years. Cambridge, Mass. (P.O. Box 102, Cambridge 02238-0102): Boston

Street Railway Association, 1985. Print.

We learned about the structure and the ups-and-downs the Commuter Rail went through

to be what it is today. The commuter rail is the oldest operating element of

Boston's transportation system. Many extensions were built in the mid 1800s to

increase public satisfaction. Most of the commuter rails were concentrated in

Boston. In 1969, the commuter rail had the lowest amount of ridership ever.


14/20

"Inflation Calculator." DaveManuel.com. Dave Manuel. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.

.

This is a website that contains an inflation currency. By using the inflation currency, we

found out the value of $.05 in 1897 in modern times is ($1.39).

Kenneally, Christopher. The Massachusetts Legacy: 150 Landmark Events That

Shaped Our Nation. Holbrook, MA: Adams Pub., 1995. 168-69. Print.

From these pages, we learned about the need for a new transit system in 1897. With an

above-ground trolley system in Boston, crossing streets was very dangerous, and

traffic jams happened. Multiple ideas had been brought up, but the best idea had

been a subway system. In 1894, the Massachusetts State Legislature voted to fund

a $5 million underground subway system. Construction began on March 28, 1895,

and the United States' first subway system was opened on September 1, 1897.

Keville, Francis M. The Building of a Transit Line: The Massachusetts Bay

Transportation Authority's Haymarket-North Extension Project. Boston:

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, 1985. Print.

The construction of the Orange Line extension had many problems such as the failure for

workers to be consistent with their work schedule. Nearing the end of the

extension's completion, the workers had to destroy the elevated structure going

from Haymarket to Downtown Boston.There were six new stations created by the

extension.


15/20

Massachusetts Bay State Transit Authority. Massachusetts Bay State Transit

Authority Rapid Transit/Key Bus Routes Map. Digital image.

Www.mbta.com. Web. 19 Feb. 2013.

This is a digital version of the map that the MBTA uses in their subway stations. We used

this picture for the header on our website.

Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority. MBTA Logo. Digital image.

http://wardmaps.blogspot.com/. Web. 23 Jan. 2013.

This is the official MBTA logo. We used this in our website's logo.

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. "Massachusetts Bay Transportation

Authority." MBTA About the MBTA History. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.

.

From reading this interesting page about the subway, we learned about the troubles that

forced Boston into creating a new way of transportation throughout Boston. The

traffic the trolleys caused above ground led to passengers actually getting onto the

roof of the trolleys and walking from car to car to get to their destination. Many

people became outraged by people walking on their cars. The territory was

confirmed to be within 10 miles of the State House with an area containing 27

cities/towns and a total of 850,000 people.


16/20

O'Connor, Thomas H. "The "T"" Boston A to Z. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP,

2000. 313-14. Print.

From this book we learned about what had led up to the building of the underground

subway system. The original ferry service began in 1631 in Boston. When roads

started to become paved, people started to use horse-drawn streetcars and soon in

1889, the streetcars were changed to trolleys. Since there were many trolley lines

which ended up creating traffic, the Boston Transit Commission decided to make

an underground subway station from Tremont Street to Boylston Street (sixth of a

mile). It took 2 and a half years from March 28, 1895 to August 28, 1897 to

complete the project. Over 100,000 people came to use the subway station at the

cost of 5 cents. This became the first subway system in all of the United States.

Orange Line. Photograph. Boston. Boston.com. Boston Globe, 2012. Web. 13 Feb.

2013.

.

This is a photograph of an Orange Line car.


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Park Street Station Kiosks. Green Line Historic Images, Boston. Celebrate Boston.

Http://www.celebrateboston.com/mbta/green-line/tremont-street-

subway.htm. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.

All of the subway stations first had an exterior kiosk design, which everyone did not like.

This was the kiosk for the Park Street Subway Station.

"The Rapid Transit Commission and the BERY." MBTA About the MBTA

History. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Web. 29 Nov. 2012.

.

The MBTA used to be known as the MTA (Metropolitan Transportation Authority). The

flat rate for all transportation was 5 cents. During the late 1800's, Tremont Street

was filled with streetcars that created a huge amount of traffic. There was an

abundance amount of public dissatisfaction which had led to an underground

transportation machine which is known as the "subway."


18/20

"Recent Changes, History Of MBTA's Green Line." Boston.com. Boston

Globe,2012. Web. 17 Feb. 2013.

.

The original Tremont Street to Park Street line was the beginning of the Green Line. It

was opened to the public on September 1, 1897 making it the first and oldest

subway system of the bunch. It is known to have the tightest turns in the world.

Before it was known as the Green Line, it was given its name by its destination

such as the Boylston Street Line.

"September 1 1897: Nation's First Subway Opens in Boston." MassMoments.

Massachusetts Foundation for the Humanities, 2012. Web. 1 Dec. 2012.

.

The trip from the original Tremont Street to Park Street took three and a half minutes.

Over 100,000 people took a trip on the subway the first day it was opened to the

public which was September 1, 1897. A year later, there were subway stations

added at Scollary Square, Adams Square and Haymarket.


19/20

"Silver Line: 10 Years of History, Changes." Boston.com. Boston Globe, 2012. Web.

5 Feb. 2013. .

From reading this article, we now have a better understanding of the history behind the

Silver Line Subway System. The Silver Line currently has two sections, one that

was built in 2002, and the other built in 2004. The second section of the silver line

was a part of Boston's Big Dig Project. The Silver Line driver changes the traffic

lights to green in their favor.

Tran, Andrew B. "MBTA Orange Line's 111th Anniversary." Boston.com. Boston

Globe. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.

.

The Orange Line had been relocated end to end making it the first and only subway to do

so. It had become the first of the subways to be an elevated railway. It had

originally opened with 60 cars, but soon upgraded to a total of 150 cars.


20/20

"Transit Archeology." Boston.com, 26 Dec. 2009. Web. 29 Nov. 2012.

.

From this article, we learned about the president of the Boston Street Railway

Association from 1897 to 1962 who is Bradley Clark. We learned about the

abandoned tunnel system used for the MBTA. It is still intact today. The tunnel

system was used for street cars in the early 1900s.

Tremont Street Subway Interior. Green Line Historic Images, Boston. Celebrate

Boston. Web. 1 Jan. 2013. .

This is a painting of how the Tremont Street Subway Station lookedduring the early

1900s.

bibliography draft 4

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